abandon | lacking restraint or control; feeling of extreme emotional intensity; unbounded enthusiasm |
abstract | theoretical; not concrete; not applied or practical; difficult to understand |
academic | related to school; not practical or directly useful; relating to scholarly organization; based on formal education |
access | approach; entry; entrance |
accommodation | living quarters provided for public convenience; something that meets a need; convenience |
accompany | travel with; be associated with |
accumulation | increase by natural growth or addition; concentration |
accurate | capable of providing a correct reading or measurement; performing with care and precision |
achieve | gain with effort; accomplish; fulfill |
acquisition | act of contracting or assuming or acquiring possession of something |
adaptation | modification; alteration or adjustment in structure or habits |
adequate | sufficient; enough to meet a purpose |
adjacent | adjoining; neighboring; close to; lying near |
adjustment | making or becoming suitable; adjusting to circumstances |
administration | management; supervision; people who are in charge for management; activity of government for powers and duties |
advocate | speak, plead, or argue in favour of; plead for; push for something |
affect | have an emotional or cognitive impact upon |
aggregate | gather into a mass, sum, or whole; amount to |
aid | person or thing that promotes or helps in something done; helper; assistant |
albeit | even though; although; notwithstanding |
alter | modify; cause to change; make different; convert |
alternative | one of two or more things, ideas or courses of action that may be used; option; choice |
ambiguous | unclear or doubtful in meaning |
amendment | correction; revision |
analogous | comparable; similar or alike |
analysis | study; investigation; process of breaking down a substance into its constituent parts |
annual | occurring or payable every year |
apparent | capable of being seen, or easily seen; open to view; visible to eye |
appendix | something appended or added |
appreciation | recognition; taste; judgment or opinion, especially a favorable one |
appropriate | acquire; take possession of for one's own use; set apart for specific use |
approximate | approach; come near |
arbitrary | randomly chosen; determined by chance or impulse, and not by reason or principle |
area | plane surface, as of the floor of a room; open space in a building; the enclosed space; extent; scope; range |
assembly | gathering; meeting; a group of persons gathered together for common reason |
assessment | act of judging or assessing; amount determined as payable |
assistance | activity of contributing to fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose |
assume | suppose; presume; take on; bear |
assurance | promise or pledge; certainty; self-confidence; freedom from doubt |
attached | fastened together; joined by wall, especially by sharing a wall with another building; not freestanding |
author | beginner, former, or first mover of anything; creator; originator; one who composes or writes book or composer |
authority | jurisdiction; power to enforce laws, exact obedience, command, determine, or judge; government |
available | convenient for use or disposal; not busy, free; obtainable; accessible |
aware | knowing; having knowledge or cognizance |
behalf | represent; advantage, benefit, interest of someone |
benefit | advantage; something that aids or promotes well-being ; welfare; gain |
bias | preference or inclination, especially one that inhibits impartial judgment; influence in unfair way |
bond | link; connection; uniting force or tie; binding agreement; duty |
brief | short in time, duration, length, or extent; concise |
bulk | majority; main part; volume; mass |
capable | having the ability required for a specific task |
capacity | mental or physical ability; ability to accommodate |
challenge | assert a right; raise a formal objection; take exception to |
channel | passage for water or other fluids to flow through; bed of a stream or river; route of communication or access |
chapter | division of a book or treatise; assembly of monks; bishop's council; organized branch of some society |
chart | graph; diagram; map showing coastlines, water depths, or other information of use to navigators |
civil | having to do with citizens or the state; courteous and polite |
clarity | clearness of thought or style; brightness; splendor |
classical | standard and authoritative rather than new or experimental; relating to the ancient Greeks and Romans, especially art, architecture, and literature |
clause | sentence; phrase; distinct article, stipulation, or provision in a document |
code | body of law; system of rules or regulations relating to one subject; system of symbols, letters, or words |
coherence | logical and orderly and consistent relation of parts; state of cohering or sticking together |
coincide | occur at the same time as; correspond |
collapse | breakdown; failure |
commission | fee for services; group of people appointed to find out about something; authorize |
commitment | pledge, undertaking; act of binding yourself to a course of action |
commodity | goods; article of trade; advantage; benefit. |
communication | activity of communicating; activity of conveying information |
community | society; a group of people living in the same locality and under the same government |
compensation | something given or received as payment as for a service or loss or injury |
complement | complete; consummate; make perfect |
complex | complicated in structure; a whole structure, as a building, made up of interconnected or related structures |
component | element; ingredient; abstract part of something |
comprehensive | thorough; including all or everything; broad in scope |
comprise | include; consist of; be composed of |
concept | something formed in the mind; thought or notion |
concurrent | simultaneous; coincident; occurring or operating at the same time |
conduct | direct the course of; manage or control; lead or guide |
conference | meeting for consultation or discussion; exchange of views |
confirmed | being firmly settled in habit; having been ratified; verified; fixed; established |
conflict | fight; struggle; incompatibility of dates or events |
conformity | similarity in form or character; agreement |
consent | agree in opinion or sentiment; be of the same mind; accord; concur; allow |
considerable | worthy of consideration; large in amount, extent, or degree |
consistent | being in agreement with itself; coherent; regular |
constant | invariable; repeating; continually occurring; persistent |
constitutional | of or relating to a constitution, or establishment form of government |
construction | act of constructing or building something |
consumer | people who buy goods or services |
contact | get in touch with; reach |
contemporary | modern; belonging to the same period of time |
contract | constrict; make smaller; compress or concentrate |
contradiction | assertion of contrary; denial of the truth of a statement or assertion; opposition, whether by argument or conduct |
contrary | relation of direct opposition; very opposed in nature or character or purpose |
contrast | act of distinguishing by comparing differences |
contribution | act of contributing; payment exacted for special purpose; impost or levy |
controversy | contentious speech act; argument |
convention | social or moral custom; formal meeting of members, representatives, or delegates; agreement between states |
conversely | in a converse manner; with change of order or relation; reciprocally. |
cooperative | done with or working with others |
coordination | regulation of diverse elements into an integrated and harmonious operation |
core | basic, center, or most important part; essence |
corporate | united or combined into one body; collective; belonging to corporation or incorporated body |
corresponding | accompanying |
couple | a male and female associated together; a pair who associate with one another |
create | make or cause to be or to become; invest with a new thing |
credit | arrangement for deferred payment for goods and services; money available for a client to borrow |
criteria | standard, rule, or test on which a judgment or decision can be based |
crucial | of extreme importance; vital to the resolution of a crisis; of the greatest importance |
currency | money; general acceptance or use |
cycle | periodically repeated sequence of events; long period of time; entire round in a circle or a spire |
data | collection of facts, observations, or other information related to a particular question or problem |
debate | discussion; dispute; discussion involving opposing points |
decline | change toward something smaller or lower ; gradual falling off from a better state |
definite | fixed; exact; having distinct limits |
definition | clarity of outline; concise explanation |
demonstrate | show clearly and deliberately; manifest; confirm; prove |
denote | indicate; signify directly; refer to specifically |
deny | disagree with; refuse; declare untrue |
depression | recession; economic slump; concavity in a surface produced by pressing ; sadness; low spirits |
design | act of working out the form of something; creation of something in the mind; formulate a plan for |
despite | lack of respect accompanied by a feeling of intense dislike; disdain, contemptuous feelings, hatred |
device | technique or means; instrument; machine used to perform one or more relatively simple tasks |
discretion | knowing how to avoid embarrassment or distress; trait of judging wisely and objectively |
displacement | act of removing from office or employment |
display | exhibit; present or hold up to view; show; demonstrate; give evidence of; manifest |
distinction | excellence or eminence; note or mark of difference |
distribution | act of distributing or spreading or apportioning |
diversity | point or respect in which things differ; difference |
document | provide written evidence; record in detail |
domain | field; territory over which rule or control is exercised; networked computers that share a common address |
domestic | house-hold; of or relating to the home ; within the country or home |
dominant | major; important; outweighing |
draft | rough outline; draw up an outline; sketch |
dramatic | striking; sensational in appearance or thrilling in effect |
duration | length of time something lasts |
dynamic | energetic; vigorously active |
economic | pertaining to economy; frugal; cheap |
edition | whole number of copies of a work printed and published; single copy; act of editing |
eliminate | eradicate; abolish; rule out |
emphasis | special attention or effort directed toward something; stress |
empirical | derived from experiment and observation rather than theory |
enable | supply with the means, knowledge, or opportunity; make able; make feasible or possible |
energy | exertion of force; capacity for work or vigorous activity; usable heat or power |
enormous | very great in size, extent, number, or degrees; huge; massive |
ensure | make sure or certain; insure; assure |
environment | surroundings; totality of surrounding conditions |
equation | making equal; equal division; equality; equilibrium |
equivalent | interchangeable; comparable; equal, as in value, force, or meaning |
erosion | corrosion; a gradual decline of something |
estate | extensive landed property; everything you own; all of your assets |
estimate | judge to be probable; form an opinion about; evaluate |
ethnic | relating to races; group of people sharing common racial, national, or religious heritage |
eventually | ultimately; in the final result or issue; in the end |
evidence | something which makes evident or manifest; any mode of proof |
evolution | development; progression |
exceed | go beyond; be or do something to a greater degree |
exhibit | show, make visible or apparent |
expansion | growth; extent or amount by which something has expanded |
expert | person with a high degree of skill in or knowledge of a certain subject |
explicit | precisely and clearly expressed; definite; outspoken |
exploitation | unfair use of someone’s work giving little in return |
export | sell or transfer abroad |
exposure | risk, particularly of being exposed to disease; unmasking; act of laying something open |
external | exterior; outer; suitable for application to the outside |
extract | draw or pull out, usually with some force or effort; remove; get despite difficulties or obstacles |
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