9th Grade Cards: Language Arts

Words for students of 9th Grade, the page is for arts words (Difficult Words 2), which are important supplementary words for 9th Grade academic classes.
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 9th Grade Cards: Language Arts (click the card to toggle it.)
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abridge
v. condense; shorten; reduce length of written text
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accost
v. approach and speak to boldly or aggressively, as with demand or request
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affinity
n. natural attraction, liking, or feeling of kinship; relationship by marriage
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agnostic
n. one who is skeptical of existence of a god or any ultimate reality
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alacrity
n. cheerful promptness or willingness; eagerness; speed or quickness
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altruism
n. the quality of unselfish concern for the welfare of others
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amenity
n. pleasantness resulting from agreeable conditions
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attrition
n. gradual decrease in numbers; reduction in work force without firing employees; wearing away of opposition by means of harassment
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bastion
n. fortress; projecting part of fortification; well-fortified position
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cadence
n. rhythmic rise and fall of words or sounds; beat
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cohesion
n. tendency to keep together; sticking together of particles of the same substance
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contingent
a. possible, or liable, but not certain, to occur; incidental; casual.
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criterion
n. standard of judging; any approved or established rule or test
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debauchery
n. corruption of fidelity; seduction from virtue, duty, or allegiance; excessive indulgence of the appetites
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destitute
a. extremely poor; utterly lacking; devoid
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diffident
a. showing modest reserve; lacking self-confidence
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dissension
n. a conflict of people's opinions or actions or characters; disagreement among those expected to cooperate
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elevation
n. altitude; height above a given level, especially sea level
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erudite
a. learned; scholarly, with emphasis on knowledge gained from books
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exalted
a. superior; elevated in rank, character, or status; of high moral or intellectual value
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fabrication
n. making something a product from raw materials; the action or process of manufacturing or inventing something
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felicity
n. great happiness; pleasing and appropriate manner or style
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flagrant
a. obvious and offensive, blatant, scandalous; flaming into notice
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flout
v. reject; mock; express contempt for rules by word or action; behave with contempt
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futurist
n. someone who predicts the future
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gregarious
a. sociable; seeking and enjoying the company of others
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heyday
n. period of greatest popularity, success, or power; golden age
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homogenous
a. all of the same or similar kind or nature
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idiosyncrasy
n. behavioral attribute that is distinctive and peculiar to an individual
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illicit
a. illegal; unlawful; not authorized or permitted
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implement
v. put into effect; supply with tools
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incisive
a. penetrating, clear, and sharp, as in operation or expression
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indigent
a. poor; experiencing want or need; impoverished
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ineffable
a. unutterable; cannot be expressed in speech
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infinity
n. unlimited extent of time, space, or quantity; eternity; boundlessness; immensity
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ingratitude
n. lack of gratitude; forgetfulness of kindness or favors received
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insidious
a. spreading harmfully in a subtle manner; designed or adapted to entrap
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insolence
n. scornful treatment; insulting speech or conduct
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insurgent
a. rising in revolt against established authority; rebelling against leadership of political party
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intrinsic
a. relating to essential nature of a thing; inherent; built-in
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jaded
a. fatigued dulled by surfeit; exhausted; worn out; wearied
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laconic
a. brief; effectively cut short; marked by use of few words
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laureate
n. someone honored for great achievements; figuratively someone crowned with a laurel wreath
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linguistic
a. relating to language or linguistics; relating to study of language
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machination
n. clever scheme or artful plot, usually crafted for evil purposes
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matriculate
v. enroll in college or graduate school
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metamorphosis
n. marked change in appearance, character, condition, or function; major transformation
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misanthropic
a. believing the worst of human nature and motives; hating mankind in general
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moot
a. open to argument or debate; subject to debate, dispute, or uncertainty, and typically not admitting of a final decision
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mulatto
n. an offspring of a black and a white parent
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narcissism
n. an exceptional interest in and admiration for yourself
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nihilism
n. the delusion that things do not exist; a sense that everything is unreal; complete denial of all established authority and institutions
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novel
a. previously unknown; strikingly new, unusual, or different; young
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obdurate
a. hardened in wrongdoing or wickedness; not giving in to persuasion
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officious
a. marked by excessive eagerness in offering unwanted services or advice to others
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orthodoxy
n. a belief or orientation agreeing with conventional standards; the quality of being orthodox, especially in religion
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palpable
a. tangible; easily perceptible; unmistakable
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paradigm
n. one that serves as a pattern or model; system of assumptions, concepts, and practices that constitutes a way of viewing reality
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parody
n. work or performance that imitates another work or performance with ridicule or irony; make fun of
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patrician
a. belong to noble origin; having high birth
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pedagogy
n. teaching; art of education; science of teaching
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pejorative
a. tending to make or become worse; disparaging or belittling
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peremptory
a. offensively self-assured; dictatorial; not allowing contradiction or refusal
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periphery
n. edge, especially of a round surface; surface of a solid; circumference
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pivotal
a. being of vital or central importance; crucial
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plethora
n. excess; over-fullness in any respect; superabundance
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posterior
a. later in time; later in the order of proceeding or moving; coming after; located behind
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pragmatic
a. practical as opposed to idealistic; concerned with the practical worth or impact of something
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premise
n. proposition upon which an argument is based; assumption; land and the buildings on it
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promiscuous
a. having casual sexual relations frequently with different partners; irregular, casual and unrestrained in sexual behavior
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ramification
n. act or process of branching out or dividing into branches; subdivision or branch
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recede
v. move back; retreat; withdraw a claim or pretension
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reiterate
v. say, state, or perform again or repeatedly
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renaissance
n. revival; renewal; revival of learning and culture
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saffron
n. a moderate orange to orange yellow; a shade of yellow tinged with orange
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samovar
n. a metal urn with a spigot at the base; used in Russia to boil water for tea
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sardonic
a. disdainful or ironically humorous; cynical; scornful and mocking
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seismic
a. caused by earthquake or earth vibration; earthshaking
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servile
a. slavish; suitable to slave or servant; relating to servitude or forced labor
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stagnation
n. inactivity of liquids; without current or circulation
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stigmatize
v. accuse; condemn; mark as wicked
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tantamount
a. equivalent in effect or value
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tenacious
a. sticking together; stubbornly unyielding; holding together firmly
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unctuous
a. oily; composed of oil or fat; characterized by affected, exaggerated, or insincere earnestness
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verisimilitude
n. appearance of truth; probability; likelihood
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vicarious
a. acting as substitute; done by deputy; experienced at secondhand