Words of Animal Farm

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Study Words from Animal Farm

Chapter I

pop-hole
n. a small opening through which an animal may pass

lurch
v. move abruptly

scullery
n. a small room next to the kitchen

fluttering
a. flying unsteadily or hovering;

boar
n. a male pig n. the male of any of several mammals

barn
n. an outlying farm building for storing grain or animal feed and housing farm animals

ensconce
v. fix firmly

benevolent
a. generous in providing aid to others

tush
n. a long pointed tooth

perch
n. support consisting of a branch or rod that serves as a resting place, especially for a bird

cud
n. a wad of something chewable as tobacco n. food of a ruminant regurgitated to be chewed again

foal
n. a young horse v. give birth to a foal

brood
n. a family of young animals, especially of a bird

duckling
n. young duck n. flesh of a young domestic duck

feebly
ad. in way that lacks strength or force;

mare
n. female equine animal; female of a horse

flirt
v. talk or behave amorously, without serious intentions

mane
n. long coarse hair growing from the crest of the animal's neck

purr
v. make a soft swishing sound

raven
n. a large heavily built crow with mainly black plumage

till
v. work land as by ploughing, harrowing, and manuring, in order to make it ready for cultivation

sturdy
a. strongly and solidly built

confinement
n. the condition of being in childbirth

grumble
v. make complaining remarks or noises under one's breath

knacker
n. someone who buys up old horses for slaughter

foxhound
n. medium-sized glossy-coated hounds developed for hunting foxes

tyranny
n. a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator n. dominance through threat of punishment and violence

falter
v. walk unsteadily

astray
ad. far from the intended target ad. away from the right path or direction

trotter
n. foot of a pig or sheep especially one used as food

dissentient
a. in opposition to majority or official opinion; n. person who opposes majority or official opinion;

clime
n. a region considered with reference to its climate

hearken
v. listen; used mostly in the imperative

unison
n. corresponding exactly n. (music) two or more sounds or tones at the same pitch or in octaves

pellet
n. a solid missile discharged from a firearm n. a small sphere

Chapter II

vivacious
a. vigorous and animated

nimble
a. moving quickly and lightly a. mentally quick

shrill
a. high-pitched and piercing

whisk
v. brush or wipe off lightly

expound
v. add details, as to an account or idea; clarify the meaning of and discourse in a learned way

apathy
n. an absence of emotion or enthusiasm

linseed
n. the seed of flax used as a source of oil

unfailing
a. without error or fault;

tormentor
n. person who inflicts severe mental or physical suffering on someone

thrash
v. beat (a person or animal) repeatedly and violently with a stick or whip

croak
v. utter a hoarse sound, like a raven

in a body
ad. all together; as a group

castrate
v. edit by omitting or modifying parts considered indelicate v. deprive of power, vitality, or vigor

caper
v. skip or dance about in a lively or playful way

knoll
n. a small natural hill

ecstasy
n. a state of being carried away by overwhelming emotion

gambol
v. run or jump about playfully

spinney
n. a small area of trees and bushes

butt
v. hit (someone or something) with the head or horns

reproach
v. accuse someone of

scullery
n. a small room next to the kitchen

unanimous
a. acting together as a single undiversified whole a. in complete agreement

udder
n. mammary gland of bovids (cows and sheep and goats)

Chapter III

toil
v. work extremely hard or incessantly

drawback
n. a feature that renders something less acceptable; a disadvantage or problem

rein
n. one of a pair of long straps used to control a horse

wisp
n. small thin or twisted bunch

dole
v. distribute shares of something

grudge
v. accept or admit unwillingly

chaff
n. husks of corn or other seed separated by winnowing or threshing

thresh
v. separate grain from (a plant), typically with a flail or by the action of a revolving mechanism.

cockerel
n. a young domestic cock; not older than one year

grumble
v. make complaining remarks or noises under one's breath

shirk
v. avoid one's assigned duties v. avoid dealing with

flagstaff
n. a tall staff or pole on which a flag is raised

paddock
n. a usually enclosed area used especially for pasturing or exercising animals

indefatigable
a. (of a person or their efforts) persisting tirelessly

twig
n. a small branch or division of a branch

propulsion
n. a propelling force

bleat
v. (of a sheep, goat, or calf) make a characteristic wavering cry

whelp
v. (of a female dog) give birth to (a puppy)

wean
v. detach the affections of v. gradually deprive (infants and young mammals) of mother's milk

windfall
n. fruit that has fallen from the tree

Chapter IV

mingle
v. bring or combine together or with something else

taproom
n. room in which alcoholic drinks are available on tap

cannibalism
n. the practice of eating the flesh of your own kind

tractable
a. readily reacting to suggestions and influences a. easily managed (controlled or taught or molded)

pail
n. a roughly cylindrical vessel that is open at the top

contemptible
a. deserving of scorn, mean, despicable

flog
v. beat severely with a whip or rod

irrepressible
a. impossible to repress or control

skirmish
n. a minor fight in war usually incidental to larger movements

prod
v. urge on; cause to act

lash
v. bind with a rope, chain, or cord v. beat severely with a whip or rod

hobnail
n. a short nail with a thick head; used to protect the soles of boots

ambush
v. wait in hiding to attack

pellet
n. a solid missile discharged from a firearm n. a small sphere

stallion
n. uncastrated adult male horse

gore
v. wound by piercing with a sharp or penetrating object or instrument

ignominious
a. (used of conduct or character) deserving or bringing disgrace or shame

paw
v. feel or scrape with a paw or hoof

sentimentality
n. excessive tenderness, sadness, or nostalgia

manger
n. a container (usually in a barn or stable) from which cattle or horses feed

impromptu
a. no advance preparation

hawthorn
n. a spring-flowering shrub or small tree

unanimous
a. acting together as a single undiversified whole a. in complete agreement

confer
v. grant or bestow (a title, degree, benefit, or right)

posthumous
a. occurring or coming into existence after a person's death

Chapter V

pretext
n. a fictitious reason that is concocted in order to conceal the real reason

blithely
ad. in way that shows casual and cheerful indifference considered to be callous or improper

prance
v. cause something to bound spring forward

breeches
n. short trousers fastened just below the knee, now chiefly worn for riding a horse

gaiter
n. covering for ankle and lower leg;

canvass
v. solicit votes from

liable
a. held legally responsible a. subject to legal action

silage
n. grass or other green fodder compacted and stored in airtight conditions

slag
n. stony waste matter separated from metals during the smelting or refining of ore

cartage
n. conveyance of something in cart or other vehicle;

knoll
n. a small natural hill

chaff
n. the husks of corn or other seed

mangel
n. a beet of a variety with a large root, cultivated as feed for livestock

conjure
v. summon into action or bring into existence, often as if by magic

incubator
n. an enclosed apparatus providing a controlled environment for the care and protection of small babies

knuckle
n. a joint of a finger when the fist is closed

whimper
n. a complaint uttered in a plaintive whining way

crank
n. a part of an axle or shaft bent out at right angles, for converting reciprocal to circular motion and vice versa

cog
n, a tooth on the rim of a wheel or gear

contemplate
v. look at thoughtfully; observe deep in thought

dynamo
n. generator consisting of a coil that rotates between the poles of an electromagnet causing a current to flow

manger
n. a container (usually in a barn or stable) from which cattle or horses feed

restive
a. being in a tense state a. impatient especially under restriction or delay

procure
v. get by special effort

indifferent
a. being neither good nor bad

sordid
a. morally degraded a. unethical or dishonest

sidelong
a. (used especially of glances) directed to one side with or as if with doubt or suspicion or envy

bay
v. (of a dog, especially a large one) bark or howl loudly

expulsion
n. the act of expelling or projecting or ejecting n. squeezing out by applying pressure

forelock
n. a lock of a horse's mane that grows forward between the ears

articulate
a. having or showing the ability to speak fluently and coherently

moonshine
n. foolish talk or ideas

watchword
n. a secret word or phrase known only to a restricted group n. a slogan used to rally support for a cause

disinter
v. dig up for reburial or for medical investigation, of dead bodies

reverent
a. feeling or showing profound respect or veneration a. showing great reverence for god

gruff
a. deep and harsh sounding as if from shouting or illness or emotion

disperse
v. separate (light) into spectral rays v. cause to separate

sly
a. marked by skill in deception

growl
v. utter or emit low dull rumbling sounds

Chapter VI

grudge
v. accept or admit unwillingly

quarry
n. a place, typically a large, deep pit, from which stone or other materials are or have been extracted

crowbar
n. a heavy iron lever with one end forged into a wedge

topple
v. overbalance or become unsteady and fall slowly

superintendence
n. management or arrangement of activity or organization

toil
n. productive work, especially physical work done for wages

mat
v. form into a tangled mass

cockerel
n. a young domestic cock; not older than one year

extravagant
a. recklessly wasteful a. unrestrained, especially with regard to feelings

arable
a. (of farmland) capable of being farmed productively

upkeep
n. activity involved in maintaining something in good working order

paraffin
n. any of various mixtures of similar hydrocarbons including mixtures that are semisolid or oily

manure
n. any animal or plant material used to fertilize land especially animal excreta usually with litter material

timidly
ad. in manner that shows lack of courage or confidence

intermediary
n. a negotiator who acts as a link between parties

traceable
a. able to be found or discovered

shrewdly
ad. in way that shows sharp powers of judgement

sly
a. marked by skill in deception

reconcile
v. accept as inevitable v. restore friendly relations between

prosper
v. make steady progress, be at the high point in one's career

sty
n. a pen for pig

repose
n. freedom from activity, work or responsibility n. the absence of mental stress or anxiety

plod
v. walk heavily and firmly, as when weary, or through mud

perpendicular
n. a straight line at right angles to another line

imposing
a. impressive in appearance

with one accord
ad. all together

twitch
v. toss with a sharp movement so as to cause to turn over in the air

sheer
a. nothing other than; unmitigated

malignity
n. desire to cause pain for the satisfaction of doing harm

ignominious
a. deserving or bringing disgrace or shame

indignation
n. a feeling of righteous anger

knoll
n. a small natural hill

Chapter VII

sleet
n. partially melted snow (or a mixture of rain and snow)

spite
n. a desire to hurt, annoy, or offend someone

clamp
n. a heap of potatoes or other root vegetables stored under straw or earth

edible
a. suitable for use as food

chaff
n. seed coverings and small pieces of stem or leaves that have been separated from the seeds

embolden
v. give encouragement to

cannibalism
n. the practice of eating the flesh of your own kind

infanticide
n. murdering an infant n. a person who murders an infant

procure
v. get by special effort

clutch
n. a group of eggs fertilized at the same time, laid in a single session and (in birds) incubated together

pullet
n. flesh of a medium-sized young chicken suitable for frying

thwart
v. hinder or prevent (the efforts, plans, or desires) of

rafter
n. one of several parallel sloping beams that support a roof

capitulate
v. surrender under agreed conditions

coccidiosis
n. disease of birds and mammals that chiefly affects intestines

duly
ad. at the proper time

spinney
n. a small area of trees and bushes

seasoned
a. (of wood) made suitable for use as timber by adjusting its moisture content

curdle
v. turn from a liquid to a solid mass

stupefied
a. as if struck dumb with astonishment and surprise

doom
n. an unpleasant or disastrous destiny

frisk
v. search as for concealed weapons by running the hands rapidly over the clothing and through the pockets

lurk
v. wait in hiding to attack

cower
v. show submission or fear v. crouch or curl up

sternly
ad. with sternness; in a severe manner

whimper
v. cry weakly or softly

shriek
v. utter a high-pitched piercing sound or words, especially as an expression of terror, pain, or excitement

countenance
n. a person's face or facial expression

whereat
ad. at which

slunk
v. (past tense of slink) move smoothly and quietly with gliding steps,

tumult
n. the act of making a noisy disturbance

ringleader
n. a person who initiates or leads an illicit or illegal activity

bonfire
n. a large outdoor fire that is lighted as a signal or in celebration

treachery
n. betrayal of a trust n. an act of deliberate betrayal

retribution
n. the act of taking revenge n. a justly deserved penalty

huddle
v. crowd or draw together

fidget
v. move restlessly

swish
v. move with or cause to move with a whistling or hissing sound

whinny
n. the characteristic sounds made by a horse

lumbering
a. slow and laborious because of weight

brood
n. a family of young animals, especially of a bird, produced at one hatching or birth

toil
v. work extremely hard or incessantly

take aback
v. make a strong impression on (someone) with something unexpected

Chapter VIII

square
v. make compatible; reconcile

meddle
v. intrude in other people's affairs or business; interfere unwantedly

retinue
n. the group following and attending to some important person

swill
n. kitchen refuse and scraps of waste food mixed with water for feeding to pigs

skulk
v. avoid responsibilities and duties, e.g., by pretending to be ill

magistrate
n. a lay judge or civil authority who administers the law

title-deed
n. a legal deed or document constituting evidence of a right, especially to ownership of property

flog
v. beat with a cane v. beat severely with a whip or rod

spur
n. a structure that holds up or serves as a foundation for something else

clamour
v. utter or proclaim insistently and noisily

contemplate
v. look thoughtfully for a long time at

scoundrel
n. a wicked or evil person; someone who does evil deliberately

machination
n. a crafty and involved plot to achieve your (usually sinister) ends

nocturnal
a. belonging to or active during the night

gander
n. mature male goose

privy
a. informed about something secret or not generally known

nightshade
n. plant related to potato, having poisonous black or red berries

decorate
v. award a mark of honor, such as a medal

forsook
v. (past tense of forsake) leave someone who needs or counts on you; leave in the lurch

gambol
v. run or jump about playfully

ecstasy
n. a state of being carried away by overwhelming emotion

beatifical
a. blissfully happy

fill
n. an amount of something which is as much as one wants or can bear

flimsy
a. lacking solidity or strength

hullabaloo
n. a loud, continued noise or mixture of noises

treacherous
a. tending to betray

sentinel
n. a person employed to keep watch for some anticipated event

conciliatory
a. making or willing to make concessions

sally
v. make a military sortie

wistful
a. having or showing a feeling of vague or regretful longings

vile
a. morally reprehensible; extremely unpleasant

contemptible
a. deserving of contempt or scorn

heed
v. pay close attention to n. paying particular notice

gore
v. wound by piercing with a sharp or penetrating object or instrument

flank
n. the side of a person's or animal's body between the ribs and the hip

bay
v. (of a dog, especially a large one) bark or howl loudly

hearse
n. a vehicle for carrying a coffin to a church or a cemetery

bowler
n. a felt hat that is round and hard with a narrow brim

dejected
a. affected or marked by low spirits

impart
v. bestow a quality on v. transmit (knowledge or skills)

lamentation
n. the passionate and demonstrative activity of expressing grief n. a cry of sorrow and grief

contrive
v. put or send forth v. make or work out a plan for; devise

paddock
n. pen where racehorses are saddled and paraded before a race

Chapter IX

poultice
n. a soft, moist mass of material, typically of plant material, applied to relieve soreness and inflammation

of late
ad. recently

superannuated
a. incapacitated or disqualified for active duty by advanced age

shrill
a. (a voice or sound) high-pitched and piercing

turnip
n. widely cultivated plant having a large fleshy edible white or yellow root

sow
n. an adult female pig

litter
n. the group of young animals born to an animal at one time

piebald
a. having sections or patches colored differently and usually brightly

waft
v. be driven or carried along, as by the air

mash
n. a mixture of ground feeds for livestock

tureen
n. large deep serving dish with a cover; for serving soups and stews

spontaneous
a. performed or occurring as a result of a sudden inner impulse or inclination and without external stimulus

precinct
n. a district of a city or town marked out for administrative purposes

devotee
n. an ardent follower and admirer

by and large
ad. on the whole, in general

proclaim
v. declare formally; declare someone to be something; of titles

complicity
n. guilt as an accomplice in a crime or offense

stratagem
n. an elaborate or deceitful scheme contrived to deceive or evade

inflict
v. impose something unpleasant

contemptuously
ad. without respect; in a disdainful manner

gill
n. a unit of liquid capacity equal to four fluid ounces

falter
v. walk unsteadily

hide
n. body covering of a living animal

haunch
n. a buttock and thigh considered together, in a human or animal

bray
n. the loud, harsh cry of a donkey or mule

prance
v. cause (a horse) to bound spring forward

hush
n. a silence

knacker
n. someone who buys up old horses for slaughter

trot
v. proceed or cause to proceed at a pace faster than a walk

canter
n. a horse's gait resembling but slower than a gallop

matchwood
n. very small pieces or splinters of wood

indignantly
ad. in manner indicating anger or annoyance at something perceived as unfair

oration
n. a formal speech, especially one given on a ceremonial occasion

lamented
a. mourned for

interment
n. the ritual placing of a corpse in a grave

crate
n. a rugged box (usually made of wood); used for shipping

Chapter X

inebriate
n. a chronic drinker

long since
ad. long ago, for a long time

morose
a. showing a brooding ill humor

taciturn
a. habitually reserved and uncommunicative

filial
a. having or assuming the relation of a child or offspring

frugal
a. avoiding waste

speculate
v. talk over or review in an idle or casual way and with an element of doubt or without sufficient reason

sapling
n. young tree

neigh
v. make a characteristic sound, of a horse

stroll
v. walk leisurely and with no apparent aim

haughty
a. having or showing arrogant superiority to and disdain of those one views as unworthy

huddle
v. crowd or draw together

nuzzle
v. dig out with the snout

tug
v. pull (something) hard or suddenly

tat
v. make lacework by knotting or looping

deputation
n. a group of representatives or delegates

eminent
a. standing above others in quality or position

jug
n. bottle, vase

incumbent
a. necessary for (someone) as a duty or responsibility a. currently holding an office

sentiment
n. a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

prevail
v. continue to exist

subsist
v. support oneself

pamper
v. treat with excessive indulgence

malignant
a. dangerous to health; characterized by progressive and uncontrolled growth (especially of a tumor)

subversive
a. in opposition to a civil authority or government n. a radical supporter of political or social revolution

linger
v. move to and fro v. remain present although waning or gradually dying

hitherto
ad. up to this or that time

suppress
v. put out of one's consciousness v. reduce the incidence or severity of or stop

hearty
a. showing warm and heartfelt friendliness

dregs
n. the remnants of a liquid left in a container, together with any sediment or grounds

flit
v. move along rapidly and lightly; skim or dart

bang
v. strike violently