abacus: n. manual computing device consisting of a frame holding parallel rods strung with movable counters | abase: v. humiliate; lower or depress in rank or esteem |
abash: v. embarrass; make ashamed or uneasy; disconcert | abate: v. subside; decrease; become less in amount or intensity |
abbreviate: v. make shorter; reduce to shorter form intended to represent full form, as for word or phrase | abbreviation: n. shortening something by omitting parts of it |
abdicate: v. give up, renounce, abandon, lay down, or withdraw from, as a right or claim | aberrant: n. abnormal; markedly different from an accepted norm |
abet: v. aid, usually in doing something wrong; encourage | abeyance: n. suspended action; temporary cessation or suspension |
abhor: v. fill with horror and loathing; horrify; hate | abjure: v. renounce upon oath; abandon forever |
ablaze: a. burning; radiant; bright; keenly excited; resembling flame in brilliance or color | ablution: n. washing or cleansing of the body, especially as part of religious rite |
abnegate: v. give up or surrender; deny something to oneself | abnegation: n. repudiation; self-sacrifice; renouncing your own interests in favor of interests of others |
abode: n. act of waiting; delay; stay or continuance in a place | abolish: v. cancel; put an end to; destroy completely |
abolitionist: n. a reformer who favors abolishing slavery | abominable: a. detestable; extremely unpleasant; very bad |
aboriginal: a. being the first of its kind in a region; primitive; native | abortive: a. unsuccessful; failing to accomplish an intended objective; fruitless |
abound: v. be full of; be plentiful | abrade: v. wear away by friction; scrape; erode |
abrasion: n. scratch; friction; the process of rubbing away the surface of something | abridge: v. condense; shorten; reduce length of written text |
abrogate: a. abolish, do away with, or annul, especially by authority | abrupt: a. broken off; very steep; having sudden transitions from one subject to another |
abscond: v. leave quickly and secretly and hide oneself, often to avoid arrest or prosecution | absorb: v. assimilate or incorporate; suck or drink up; occupy full attention |
abstain: v. refrain; hold oneself back voluntarily from an action or practice | abstemious: a. sparing or moderation in eating and drinking; temperate |
abstruse: a. obscure; profound; difficult to understand | absurdity: n. quality of being absurd or inconsistent with obvious truth, reason, or sound judgment; logical contradiction |
abundant: a. plentiful; possessing riches or resources | abut: v. border upon; adjoin; touch or end at one end or side; lie adjacent |
abysmal: a. bottomless; very profound; limitless; very bad | academician: n. a scholar who is skilled in academic disputation |
accede: v. agree; give consent, often at the insistence of another; concede | accentuate: v. emphasize; stress; pronounce with stress or accent; mark with an accent |
accessibility: n. the attribute of being easy to meet or deal with | accessory: n. additional object; useful but not essential thing; subordinate or supplementary item |
acclaim: v. applaud; announce with great approval | acclimate: v. accustom or become accustomed to a new environment or situation; adapt |
acclivity: n. upward slope, as of hill | accolade: n. award of merit; expression of approval; praise |
accompaniment: n. act of accompanying someone or something | accompanying: a. attendant; appearing or going with someone or something else |
accomplishment: n. achievement; fulfillment; something that is successful | accordion: n. a box-shaped musical instrument consisting of a folded central part with a keyboard |
accost: v. approach and speak to boldly or aggressively, as with demand or request | accouter: v. equip; provide with military equipment |
accredit: v. authorize; commission; give credit for | accretion: n. growth or increase in size by gradual external addition, fusion, or inclusion |
accrue: v. increase, accumulate, or come about as a result of growth; accumulate over time | accumulate: v. pile up; collect; mount up; increase |
accuse: v. blame; say that someone has done something morally wrong, illegal, or unkind | acerbity: n. the bitterness of speech and temper; sourness or acidness of taste, character, or tone |
acetic: a. having properties of vinegar; sour | acidulous: a. slightly sour in taste or manner; sharp; caustic |
acorn: n. fruit of the oak, being an oval nut growing in a woody cup; a cone-shaped piece of wood | acoustics: n. science of sound; the quality that makes a room easy or hard to hear in |
acquiesce: v. assent; agree without protesting | acquisition: n. act of contracting or assuming or acquiring possession of something |
acrid: a. unpleasantly sharp or bitter to taste or smell; bitterly pungent | acrimonious: a. bitter and sharp in language, tone, or manner |
acronym: n. an abbreviation consisting of the first letters of each word in the name of something | acrophobia: n. fear of heights; abnormal fear of high places |
actuarial: a. calculating; pertaining to insurance statistics | actuate: v. put into motion or action; activate |
acuity: n. sharpness; acuteness of vision or perception; keenness | acumen: n. mental keenness; quickness of perception |
adage: n. wise saying; brief familiar proverb; expression of popular wisdom | adaptable: a. flexible; becoming or being made suitable to a particular situation or use |
addendum: n. something added or to be added, especially a supplement to a book | addict: v. cause someone to become dependent; indulge in; be devoted to |
addictive: a. something you cannot stop taking once you have started | addle: v. muddle; drive crazy; become confused |
adept: a. expert at; very skilled; having or showing knowledge and skill and aptitude | adherent: n. a person who adheres; one who follows or upholds a leader, party, cause |
adjacent: a. adjoining; neighboring; close to; lying near | adjoin: v. be next to; be contiguous to; border on |
adjudicate: v. hear and settle a case by judicial procedure | adjunct: n. something added on or attached generally nonessential or inferior |
adjure: v. appeal to or entreat earnestly; command or enjoin solemnly, as under oath | adjust: v. change something slightly, especially to make it more correct, effective, or suitable |
admonish: v. warn; counsel someone against something to be avoided | admonition: n. gentle or friendly reproof; cautionary advice or warning |
adobe: n. clay; brick; sun-dried brick; structure built with this type of brick | adolescent: n. a juvenile between the onset of puberty and maturity; |
adopt: v. accept; take on; raise; take into one's family | adoption: n. act of accepting with approval |
adoration: n. act of playing honor to a divine being; worship paid to God; the act of addressing as a god | adorn: v. enhance or decorate with or as if with ornaments |
adornment: n. embellishment; decoration; something that beautifies or adorns; ornament | adroit: a. skillful and adept under pressing conditions |
adulation: n. excessive flattery or admiration; unmerited praise | adulterate: v. make impure by adding inferior or tainted substances |
adumbrate: v. give hint or indication of something; disclose partially or guardedly; overshadow; shade | advent: n. coming or arrival, especially of something extremely important |
adventitious: a. accidental; casual; not inherent but added extrinsically | advocacy: n. support; active pleading on behalf of something |
aerie: n. nest of a bird, such as an eagle, built on a cliff or other high place | affable: a. easily approachable; warmly friendly |
affiliate: v. associate; cause a group to become part of or form a close relationship with another | affinity: n. natural attraction, liking, or feeling of kinship; relationship by marriage |
affirm: v. state something as true; assert; confirm | affirmation: n. positive assertion; confirmation; solemn pledge by one who refuses to take an oath |
affix: v. fasten; append; add on; secure to something | affliction: n. cause or condition of pain, suffering, or distress |
affluence: n. abundance; a plentiful supply of material goods; wealth | affordable: a. able to pay for |
affront: n. insult; offense; intentional act of disrespect | aftermath: n. outcome; consequence, especially of a disaster or misfortune |
agglomeration: n. collection; heap; act or process of gathering into a mass | aggrandize: v. increase the scope of; extend; intensify; make greater in power, influence, stature, or reputation |
aggravate: v. worsen; make worse or more troublesome | aggregate: v. gather into a mass, sum, or whole; amount to |
aggregation: n. several things grouped together or considered as a whole | aghast: a. struck by shock, terror, or amazement |
agility: n. mentally quick; moving quickly and lightly | agitate: v. cause to move with violence or sudden force; upset; disturb |
agitation: n. anxiety; extreme emotional disturbance | agnostic: n. one who is skeptical of the existence of a god or any ultimate reality |
agrarian: a. pertaining to land or its cultivation; relating to agricultural or rural matters | ailment: n. sickness;a slight but often persistent illness |
air: v. be broadcast on television or radio | airborne: a. aloft; flying; in the air |
alacrity: n. cheerful promptness or willingness; eagerness; speed or quickness | alchemy: n. medieval chemistry; magical or mysterious power or process of transforming |
alcove: n. nook; small, recessed section of a room | algorithm: n. established procedure for solving problem |
alignment: n. arrangement; association; alliance | alimentary: a. providing nourishment; concerned with food, nutrition, or digestion |
alkali: n. soda ash; caustic soda, caustic potash; one of a class of caustic bases, such as soda, potash, and ammonia | allay: v. calm; pacify; reduce the intensity of; relieve |
allegation: n. suggestion without proof that someone has done something wrong | allege: v. state without proof; assert to be true |
allegory: n. symbolic representation of abstract ideas or principles in narrative, dramatic, or pictorial form | alliteration: n. repetition of a beginning sound in poetry |
allocate: v. assign; distribute according to plan | alloy: v. combine; mix; make less pure; lessen or moderate |
allude: v. refer casually or indirectly, or by suggestion | allure: v. attract with something desirable; be highly, often subtly attractive |
allurement: n. temptation; enticement; any real or apparent good held forth or operating, as a motive to action | allusion: n. indirect reference; symbolical reference or comparison; metaphor |
ally: n. confederate; partner; collaborator | aloft: ad. in or into a high place; high or higher up |
aloof: a. apart; remote in manner; distant physically or emotionally; reserved and remote | alteration: n. a passage from one form or state to another; change |
altruistic: a. unselfishly generous; concerned for others | amalgamate: v. combine; unite in one body; mix or alloy metal with mercury |
amass: v. collect; gather for oneself, as for one's pleasure or profit | amaze: v. astonish; affect with wonder |
amazing: a. awesome; astounding; surprising | ambidextrous: a. capable of using either hand with equal ease |
ambience: n. particular environment or surrounding influence; an atmosphere of the environment | ambiguity: n. state of being ambiguous; doubtfulness or uncertainty |
ambiguous: a. unclear or doubtful in meaning | ambition: n. aspiration; a strong wish to achieve something |
ambitious: a. aspiring; having a strong desire for success or achievement | ambivalence: n. state of having contradictory or conflicting emotional attitudes, such as love and hate |
ambivalent: a. mixed; experiencing or expressing opposing or contradictory feelings | amble: n. moving at an easy pace; walk slowly or leisurely |
ambulatory: a. able to walk; formed or adapted for walking; not stationary | ameliorate: v. make or become better; improve; grow better |
amenable: a. responsive to advise or suggestion; responsible to a higher authority; willing to comply with; agreeable | amend: v. change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors |
amendment: n. a change or changes made to the words of a text; revision | amenities: n. convenient features; courtesies |
amenity: n. pleasantness resulting from agreeable conditions | amiable: a. good-natured and likable; lovable; warmly friendly |
amicable: a. exhibiting friendliness or goodwill; not quarrelsome | amity: n. friendship; peaceful relations, as between nations |
amorous: a. moved by sexual love; loving | amorphous: a. formless; lacking shape or definition |
amphibian: a. able to live both on land and in water | amphitheater: n. oval building with tiers of seats from central open space or arena |
amplification: n. addition of extra material or illustration or clarifying detail | amplify: v. broaden or clarify by expanding; intensify; make larger or more powerful; increase |
amputate: v. cut off part of the body, especially by surgery; prune | anachronistic: a. having time error in the story; erroneous in date; in the wrong time |
analgesic: a. serving to reduce sensibility to pain without loss of consciousness | analogous: a. comparable; similar or alike |
analyze: v. diagnose; study, or examine something in detail to discover more about it | anarchist: n. a person who seeks to overturn established government; advocate of abolishing authority |
anathema: n. solemn curse; someone or something regarded as a curse | anatomy: n. detailed analysis; the scientific study of the body and how its parts are arranged |
ancestral: a. inherited or inheritable by established rules | ancestry: n. family descent; series or line of ancestors; lineage |
ancillary: a. serving as aid or accessory; auxiliary | anguished: a. experiencing extreme discomfort or discontent; feeling, expressing, or caused by anguish |
angular: a. sharp-cornered; consisting of an angle or angles; stiff in manner | animus: n. the feeling of enmity or ill will; an attitude that informs one's actions; disposition |
annals: n. a chronological record of the events of successive years | annex: v. append or attach; take possession of; incorporate into an existing political unit |
annihilate: v. destroy completely; reduce to nonexistence | annotate: v. comment; make explanatory notes |
annoying: a. bothersome; troublesome; irritating | annuity: n. annual payment of allowance or income; periodical payment, amounting to a fixed sum in each year |
annul: v. make or declare void or invalid; reduce to nothing | anodyne: n. source of relaxation or comfort; medicine that relieves pain |
anoint: v. apply oil or similar substance to; put oil on during religious ceremony as a sign of sanctification or consecration. | anomalous: a. deviating from normal or common order, form, or rule |
antagonism: n. active resistance; condition of being an opposing principle, force, or factor | antecede: v. precede; go before in time, and sometimes in place, rank, or logical order |
antecedents: n. preceding events or circumstances that influence what comes later; ancestors or early background | antedate: v. be earlier in time; go back further |
antediluvian: a. antiquated; extremely old and ancient; belonging to very ancient times | anthology: n. book of literary selections by various authors |
anthropocentric: a. regarding human beings as the center of the universe | anthropoid: a. manlike; resembling a human, especially in shape or outward appearance |
anthropomorphic: a. having human form or characteristics | antibiotic: n. any substance that can destroy or inhibit the growth of bacteria and similar microorganisms |
anticipate: v. act in advance of; deal with ahead of time; predict | anticlimax: n. the letdown in thought or emotion; decline viewed in disappointing contrast with the previous rise |
antipathy: n. strong feeling of aversion; dislike | antique: n. any furniture old and valuable; out of fashion |
antithesis: n. contrast; direct contrast; opposition | antler: n. entire horn, or any branch of the horn |
anvil: n. a heavy block of iron or steel with a smooth, flat top on which metals are shaped by hammering | apathetic: a. feeling or showing a lack of interest or concern; indifferent |
apathy: n. lack of interest, or the attitude of not caring resulting from it; the indifference | aperitif: n. alcoholic beverage taken before a meal as an appetizer |
aperture: n. opening; diameter of such an opening; hole | apex: n. highest point; vertex; summit; climax |
aphasia: n. loss of speech due to injury or illness | aphorism: n. definition or concise statement of principle; tersely phrased statement of truth or opinion |
apiary: n. a place where bees and beehives are kept, especially where bees are raised for their honey | aplomb: n. poise; self-confident assurance |
apocryphal: a. untrue; of questionable authorship or authenticity; erroneous; fictitious | apogee: n. the highest point; point in an orbit most distant from the body being orbited |
apolitical: a. having aversion or lack of concern for political affairs | apologetic: a. offering or expressing an apology or excuse; serving as or containing a formal justification or defense |
apologist: n. a person who argues in defense or justification of something, such as doctrine, policy, or institution | apologize: v. beg pardon; tell someone that you are sorry for having done something |
apostate: n. one who abandons his religious faith or political beliefs | apostrophe: n. text character used to mark the possessive or to show the omission of letters or numbers |
apotheosis: n. elevation to godhood; fact or action of becoming a god; an ideal example of something | appall: v. depress or discourage with fear; grow faint or become weak |
apparition: n. ghostly figure; sudden or unusual sight; appearance; state of being visible | appeal: n. attraction; charm; attract; fascinate; challenge |
appealing: a. attractive or interesting; charming | appellation: n. name; title; the act of naming; the act of appealing for aid, sympathy |
append: v. attach; add as supplement or appendix | appendage: n. something appended to or accompanying, a principal or greater thing, though not necessary to it |
appetite: n. instinctive physical desire, especially one for food or drink | applaud: v. acclaim; express approval, especially by clapping the hands |
applicable: a. capable of being applied; fit or suitable to be applied; having relevance | applicant: n. candidate; a person who formally requests something, especially a job |
application: n. close attention; work of applying something; verbal or written request for assistance | appoint: v. designate; nominate; choose someone officially for a job or responsibility |
apposite: a. strikingly appropriate and relevant; well-suited | appraisal: n. assessment; evaluation; the classification of someone or something with respect to its worth |
appraise: v. estimate value of; evaluate, especially in an official capacity | appreciable: a. large enough to be noticed or to affect; perceptible |
appreciate: v. be thankful for; increase in worth; be thoroughly conscious of | apprehension: n. fearful or uneasy anticipation of the future; the act of seizing or capturing; understanding |
apprehensive: a. capable of knowing; conscious; relating to the faculty of apprehension; sensible or perceptive | apprenticeship: n. the term during which one learns a trade from a skilled worker; service or legal condition of an apprentice |
apprise: v. inform; give notice to; make aware | approach: n. a way of considering or doing something |
approbation: n. expression of warm approval; praise | appropriate: v. acquire; take possession of for one's own use; set apart for specific use |
approximate: v. come near or nearer to something or someone in space, time, quality, or amount | approximately: ad. very similarly; roughly |
apropos: a. with reference or regard; in respect | aquatic: a. consisting of, relating to, or being in the water |
aquiline: a. curved or hooked like an eagle's beak | arable: a. fit for growing crops, as by plowing |
arbiter: n. person with power to decide a dispute; judge | arboreal: a. tree-dwelling; treelike; living in trees |
arboretum: n. a place where different tree varieties are exhibited | arc: n. the continuous portion of a circle; something curved in shape |
arcane: a. secret; mysterious; known only to the initiated | archaeology: n. study of artifacts and relics of early humankind |
archaic: a. no longer current or applicable; antiquated | archetype: n. prototype; original model or type after which other similar things are patterned |
archipelago: n. group of closely located islands | ardent: a. displaying or by strong enthusiasm or devotion; passionate |
arduous: a. demanding great effort or labor; difficult | arid: a. dry; lacking moisture, especially having insufficient rainfall to support trees or plants |
aristocracy: n. hereditary nobility; privileged class | aristocrat: n. one of the aristocracy or people of rank in a community; one of a ruling class; a noble |
arithmetic: n. theory of numerical calculations | armada: n. a fleet of warships; a large group of moving things |
armory: n. arsenal; a place where arms are manufactured | aromatic: a. fragrant or sweet-smelling; caused by fragrant odor |
arousal: n. act of awaking from sleep; arousing from what is like sleep | arraign: v. officially charge someone in a court of law |
arrangement: n. composition; a plan for how something will happen | arrears: n. being in debt; unpaid, overdue debt or an unfulfilled obligation |
arrogate: v. claim without justification; claim for oneself without the right | arroyo: n. deep gully; a dry gulch; brook or creek; watercourse |
artifice: n. subtle but base deception; trickery; cleverness or skill; ingenuity | artisan: n. manually skilled worker; craftsman, as opposed to an artist |
artless: a. free of artificiality; natural; open and honest | ascend: v. move up or climb something; mount |
ascendancy: n. superiority or decisive advantage; domination | ascent: n. upward slope or grade; movement upward |
ascetic: a. leading a life of self-discipline and self-denial; austere | ascribe: v. inscribe or dedicate; attribute to a specified cause, source, or origin; assign as a quality |
aseptic: a. preventing infection; having cleansing effect | ashen: a. ash-colored; very pale; consisting of ashes |
asinine: a. utterly stupid or silly; inanely foolish | askance: a. with a sideways or indirect look; Turned to side, especially of eyes |
askew: ad. turned or twisted toward one side; at an angle | asperity: n. the sharpness of temper; roughness or harshness, as of surface, sound, or climate |
asphyxiate: v. deprive of oxygen to the extent of producing death or severe symptoms; suffocate | aspirant: n. one who aspires, as to advancement, honors, or a high position |
aspiration: n. ambition; something that you hope to achieve | assail: v. assault; attack with or as if with violent blows |
assault: n. a violent attack; an onslaught | assay: v. analyze; evaluate; examine by trial or experiment; put to the test |
assemblage: n. a group of persons together in one place | assent: v. express agreement to what is alleged or proposed; accept |
assert: v. declare or state with confidence; put oneself forward boldly | assertive: a. positive; affirming confidently; affirmative; peremptory |
assess: v. estimate value; judge worth of something | assessment: n. act of judging or assessing; amount determined as payable |
assiduous: a. constant in application or attention; diligent; unceasing or persistent | assimilate: v. incorporate and absorb into mind; make similar; cause to resemble |
assistance: n. help, especially money or resources that are given to people | assuage: v. ease or lessen pain; satisfy or appease |
assuredly: ad. in a way that causes something to be certain; undoubtedly | astigmatism: n. eye defect that prevents proper focus |
astonished: a. amazed; very surprised | astound: v. affect with wonder; surprise; shock |
astringent: a. causing contraction; having the effect of drawing tissue together; stern or austere | astronomer: n. a physicist who studies astronomy |
astronomy: n. branch of physics that studies celestial bodies and the universe as a whole | asunder: ad. into separate parts or pieces; apart |
asymmetric: a. not identical on both sides of a dividing central line | atavism: n. resemblance to remote ancestors rather than to parents; deformity returning after the passage of two or more generations |
atavistic: a. displaying characteristics of previous cultural era or previous ancestral form | atheistic: a. denying existence of God; godless |
athletics: n. art of training by athletic exercises; games and sports of athletes | atmosphere: n. air; a mixture of gases that surrounds any planet |
atom: n. a tiny piece of anything; the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element | atrocity: n. brutal deed; atrocious condition, quality, or behavior; monstrousness |
atrophy: n. wasting away; decrease in size; reduction in the functionality of an organ caused by disease | attachment: n. a bond, as of affection or loyalty; fond regard; supplementary part; accessory |
attain: v. achieve or accomplish; gain | attainment: n. something, such as an accomplishment or achievement; achievement |
attend: v. be present at; go to; take care of; tend | attendance: n. act of being present |
attendant: n. aide; servant; accompanying; a person who participates in a meeting | attention: n. act or state of attending or heeding; application of the mind to any object of sense, representation, or thought |
attenuate: v. make slender, fine, or small; weaken; lessen the density of | attire: n. clothes, especially of a particular or formal type; dress |
attraction: n. appeal; a characteristic that provides pleasure and attracts | attractive: a. appealing; pleasing; inviting; tempting |
attribute: n. essential quality; reputation; honor | attribute: v. relate to particular cause or source; ascribe; explain |
attrition: n. a gradual decrease in numbers; reduction in the workforce without firing employees; wearing away through harassment | atypical: a. not normal; unusual or irregular; not representative of a group, class, or type |
audacious: a. fearlessly, often recklessly daring; bold | auditorium: n. area of theater or concert hall where the audience sits |
auditory: a. of or relating to hearing, the organs of hearing, or the sense of hearing | auger: n. hand tool for boring holes; hollow drill used to take core samples of soil, ice |
augment: v. make greater, as in size, extent, or quantity | augury: n. sign of something coming; art or practice of foretelling events by signs or omens |
aureole: n. the outermost region of the sun's atmosphere; halo | auroral: a. characteristic of dawn; dawning, eastern, like a new beginning; relating to the atmospheric phenomenon auroras |
auspicious: a. attended by favorable circumstances; marked by success; prosperous | austere: a. strict or severe in the discipline; severely simple and unornamented |
authenticate: v. prove genuine; establish authenticity of | authoritarian: a. expecting absolute obedience; completely dominating another's will |
authoritative: a. weighting authority; peremptory and dictatorial | autobiography: n. biography or story written by yourself |
autocrat: n. dictator; ruler having unlimited power | autocratic: a. having absolute, unchecked power; dictatorial |
automaton: n. the mechanism that imitates actions of humans | autonomous: a. self-governing; not controlled by others or by outside forces; independent |
autonomy: n. independence; self-government or the right of self-government; self-determination | available: a. convenient for use or disposal; not busy, free; obtainable; accessible |
avant-garde: n. radically new or original; cutting edge | avarice: n. greediness for wealth; the insatiable desire to gain |
aver: v. declare to be true; affirm | averse: a. reluctant; disinclined; turned away or backward; unwilling |
aviary: n. large cage, building, or enclosure in which birds are reared or kept | avid: a. greedy; eager for; marked by keen interest and enthusiasm |
avocation: n. activity taken up in addition to one's regular work or profession, usually for enjoyment | avow: v. declare openly; acknowledge openly, boldly, and unashamedly |
avowal: n. open declaration; frank acknowledgment | avuncular: a. in the manner of an uncle, about uncle; kind, genial, benevolent, or tolerant |
awkward: a. difficult to handle or manage | awning: n. roof-like cover, usually of canvas, extended over or before any place as a shelter from the sun, rain, or wind |
awry: ad. in a position that is turned toward one side; away from the correct course | axiom: n. self-evident truth requiring no proof |
axle: n. pin or spindle on which a wheel revolves, or which revolves with a wheel; transverse bar connecting the opposite wheels | azure: a. sky blue; light purplish-blue |
|