4000 CPE Vocabulary List

n. bàn tính manual computing device consisting of a frame holding parallel rods strung with movable counters

v. hạ xuống humiliate; lower or depress in rank or esteem

v. lúng túng embarrass; make ashamed or uneasy; disconcert

v. hủy bỏ subside; decrease; become less in amount or intensity

v. viết tắt make shorter; reduce to shorter form intended to represent full form, as for word or phrase

n. viết tắt shortening something by omitting parts of it

v. thoái vị give up, renounce, abandon, lay down, or withdraw from, as a right or claim

n. bất thường abnormal;  markedly different from an accepted norm

v. tiếp tay aid, usually in doing something wrong; encourage

n. hoản lại suspended action; temporary cessation or suspension

v. abhor fill with horror and loathing; horrify; hate

v. bỏ giáo đạo renounce upon oath; abandon forever

a. thiêu burning; radiant; bright; keenly excited; resembling flame in brilliance or color

n. lể rửa tội washing or cleansing of the body, especially as part of religious rite

v. hy sinh give up or surrender; deny something to oneself

n. hy sinh repudiation; self-sacrifice; renouncing your own interests in favor of interests of others

n. nơi ở act of waiting; delay; stay or continuance in a place

v. không nhận bãi bỏ cancel; put an end to; destroy completely

n. bãi nô a reformer who favors abolishing slavery

a. khả ố detestable; extremely unpleasant; very bad

a. thổ dân being the first of its kind in a region; primitive; native

a. bại unsuccessful; failing to accomplish an intended objective; fruitless

v. rất nhiều be full of; be plentiful

v. mài mòn wear away by friction; scrape; erode

n. mài mòn scratch; friction; the process of rubbing away the surface of something

v. hạn chế một condense; shorten; reduce length of written text

a. Bãi bỏ abolish, do away with, or annul, especially by authority

a. đột ngột broken off; very steep; having sudden transitions from one subject to another

v. bỏ trốn leave quickly and secretly and hide oneself, often to avoid arrest or prosecution

v. hấp thụ assimilate or incorporate; suck or drink up; occupy full attention

v. kiêng refrain; hold oneself back voluntarily from an action or practice

a. tiết độ sparing or moderation in eating and drinking; temperate

a. thâm thúy obscure; profound; difficult to understand

n. vô lý quality of being absurd or inconsistent with obvious truth, reason, or sound judgment; logical contradiction

a. phong phú plentiful; possessing riches or resources

v. giáp border upon; adjoin; touch or end at one end or side; lie adjacent

a. không đáy bottomless; very profound; limitless; very bad

n. Viện sĩ a scholar who is skilled in academic disputation

v. tham gia agree; give consent, often at the insistence of another; concede

v. nhấn mạnh emphasize; stress; pronounce with stress or accent; mark with an accent

n. tiếp cận the attribute of being easy to meet or deal with

n. Phụ kiện additional object; useful but not essential thing; subordinate or supplementary item

v. ca ngợi applaud; announce with great approval

v. thích nghi accustom or become accustomed to a new environment or situation; adapt

n. giốc lên đồi upward slope, as of hill

n. danh hiệu award of merit; expression of approval; praise

n. đệm act of accompanying someone or something

a. đệm attendant; appearing or going with someone or something else

n. thành tựu achievement; fulfillment; something that is successful

n. phong cầm a box-shaped musical instrument consisting of a folded central part with a keyboard

v. lại gần approach and speak to boldly or aggressively, as with demand or request

v. accouter equip; provide with military equipment

v. công nhận authorize; commission; give credit for

n. bồi đắp growth or increase in size by gradual external addition, fusion, or inclusion

v. tích luỹ increase, accumulate, or come about as a result of growth; accumulate over time

v. trách nhiệm tích lũy pile up; collect;  mount up; increase

v. tố cáo blame; say that someone has done something morally wrong, illegal, or unkind

n. vị chua the bitterness of speech and temper; sourness or acidness of taste, character, or tone

a. acetic having properties of vinegar; sour

a. hơi chua slightly sour in taste or manner; sharp; caustic

n. acorn fruit of the oak, being an oval nut growing in a woody cup; a cone-shaped piece of wood

n. âm science of sound; the quality that makes a room easy or hard to hear in

v. chấp nhận sự assent; agree without protesting

n. mua act of contracting or assuming or acquiring possession of something

a. chát unpleasantly sharp or bitter to taste or smell; bitterly pungent

a. chua cay bitter and sharp in language, tone, or manner

n. viết tắt an abbreviation consisting of the first letters of each word in the name of something

n. acrophobia fear of heights; abnormal fear of high places

a. thống kê bảo hiểm calculating; pertaining to insurance statistics

v. actuate put into motion or action; activate

n. Acuity sharpness; acuteness of vision or perception; keenness

n. nhạy bén mental keenness; quickness of perception

n. châm ngôn wise saying; brief familiar proverb;  expression of popular wisdom

a. thích nghi flexible; becoming or being made suitable to a particular situation or use

n. phụ lục something added or to be added, especially a supplement to a book

v. nghiện cause someone to become dependent; indulge in; be devoted to

a. nghiện something you cannot stop taking once you have started

v. ung hư muddle; drive crazy; become confused

a. chuyên nghiệp expert at; very skilled; having or showing knowledge and skill and aptitude

n. dính a person who adheres; one who follows or upholds a leader, party, cause

a. lân cận adjoining; neighboring; close to; lying near

v. phụ hợp be next to; be contiguous to; border on

v. xét xử hear and settle a case by judicial procedure

n. phụ trợ something added on or attached generally nonessential or inferior

v. cầu khẩn appeal to or entreat earnestly; command or enjoin solemnly, as under oath

v. chỉnh change something slightly, especially to make it more correct, effective, or suitable

v. nhắc nhở warn; counsel someone against something to be avoided

n. lời khuyên gentle or friendly reproof; cautionary advice or warning

n. adobe clay; brick; sun-dried brick; structure built with this type of brick

n. vị thành niên a juvenile between the onset of puberty and maturity;

v. thông qua accept; take on; raise; take into one's family

n. nhận con nuôi act of accepting with approval

n. chầu act of playing honor to a divine being; worship paid to God; the act of addressing as a god

v. tô điểm enhance or decorate with or as if with ornaments

n. trang sức embellishment; decoration; something that beautifies or adorns; ornament

a. chăm chỉ skillful and adept under pressing conditions

n. adulation excessive flattery or admiration; unmerited praise

v. giả make impure by adding inferior or tainted substances

v. phác họa give hint or indication of something; disclose partially or guardedly; overshadow; shade

n. đời coming or arrival, especially of something extremely important

a. ngẫu accidental; casual; not inherent but added extrinsically

n. biện hộ support; active pleading on behalf of something

n. ổ chim ưng nest of a bird, such as an eagle, built on a cliff or other high place

a. hoà nhã easily approachable; warmly friendly

v. liên kết associate; cause a group to become part of or form a close relationship with another

n. ái lực natural attraction, liking, or feeling of kinship; relationship by marriage

v. khẳng định state something as true; assert; confirm

n. khẳng định positive assertion; confirmation; solemn pledge by one who refuses to take an oath

v. đóng fasten; append; add on; secure to something

n. phiền não cause or condition of pain, suffering, or distress

n. giàu abundance; a plentiful supply of material goods; wealth

a. giá cả phải chăng able to pay for

n. xúc phạm insult; offense; intentional act of disrespect

n. Sau outcome; consequence, especially of a disaster or misfortune

n. tụ collection; heap; act or process of gathering into a mass

v. phóng đại increase the scope of; extend; intensify; make greater in power, influence, stature, or reputation

v. nặng worsen; make worse or more troublesome

v. tổng hợp gather into a mass, sum, or whole; amount to

n. tập hợp several things grouped together or considered as a whole

a. kinh ngạc struck by shock, terror, or amazement

n. nhanh nhẹn mentally quick; moving quickly and lightly

v. kích động cause to move with violence or sudden force; upset; disturb

n. kích động anxiety; extreme emotional disturbance

n. thuyết bất khả tri one who is skeptical of the existence of a god or any ultimate reality

a. nông nghiệp pertaining to land or its cultivation; relating to agricultural or rural matters

n. bệnh sickness;a slight but often persistent illness 

v. không be broadcast on television or radio

a. không khí aloft; flying; in the air

n. mau mắm cheerful promptness or willingness; eagerness; speed or quickness

n. giả kim thuật medieval chemistry; magical or mysterious power or process of transforming

n. alcove nook; small, recessed section of a room

n. thuật toán established procedure for solving problem

n. liên kết arrangement; association; alliance

a. tiêu hóa providing nourishment; concerned with food, nutrition, or digestion

n. kiềm soda ash; caustic soda, caustic potash; one of a class of caustic bases, such as soda, potash, and ammonia

v. làm dịu calm; pacify; reduce the intensity of; relieve

n. cáo buộc suggestion without proof that someone has done something wrong

v. tố cáo state without proof; assert to be true

n. câu chuyện ngụ ngôn symbolic representation of abstract ideas or principles in narrative, dramatic, or pictorial form

n. điệp âm repetition of a beginning sound in poetry

v. giao assign; distribute according to plan

v. hợp kim combine; mix; make less pure; lessen or moderate

v. ám chỉ refer casually or indirectly, or by suggestion

v. quyến rũ attract with something desirable; be highly, often subtly attractive

n. sự dân dụ temptation; enticement; any real or apparent good held forth or operating, as a motive to action

n. ám chỉ indirect reference; symbolical reference or comparison; metaphor

n. đồng minh confederate; partner; collaborator

ad. trên cao in or into a high place; high or higher up

a. tách biệt apart; remote in manner; distant physically or emotionally; reserved and remote

n. thay đổi a passage from one form or state to another; change

a. vị tha unselfishly generous; concerned for others

v. hợp nhất combine; unite in one body; mix or alloy metal with mercury

v. tích lũy collect; gather for oneself, as for one's pleasure or profit

v. ngạc nhiên astonish; affect with wonder

a. tuyệt vời awesome; astounding; surprising

a. ambidextrous capable of using either hand with equal ease

n. môi trường particular environment or surrounding influence; an atmosphere of the environment

n. mơ hồ state of being ambiguous; doubtfulness or uncertainty

a. mơ hồ unclear or doubtful in meaning

n. tham vọng aspiration; a strong wish to achieve something

a. tham vọng aspiring; having a strong desire for success or achievement

n. mâu thuẫn state of having contradictory or conflicting emotional attitudes, such as love and hate

a. mâu thuẫn mixed;  experiencing or expressing opposing or contradictory feelings

n. phong phú moving at an easy pace; walk slowly or leisurely

a. chẩn able to walk; formed or adapted for walking; not stationary

v. cải thiện make or become better; improve; grow better

a. tuân responsive to advise or suggestion; responsible to a higher authority; willing to comply with; agreeable

v. Sửa đổi change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors

n. sửa đổi a change or changes made to the words of a text; revision

n. amiable convenient features; courtesies

n. tiện nghi pleasantness resulting from agreeable conditions

a. aver good-natured and likable; lovable; warmly friendly

a. thân thiện exhibiting friendliness or goodwill; not quarrelsome

n. thân thi���n friendship; peaceful relations, as between nations

a. ham mê moved by sexual love; loving

a. vô định hình formless; lacking shape or definition

a. lưỡng cư able to live both on land and in water

n. giảng đường oval building with tiers of seats from central open space or arena

n. khuếch đại addition of extra material or illustration or clarifying detail

v. khuếch đại broaden or clarify by expanding; intensify; make larger or more powerful; increase

v. cưa cut off part of the body, especially by surgery; prune

a. lỗi thời having time error in the story; erroneous in date; in the wrong time

a. giảm đau serving to reduce sensibility to pain without loss of consciousness

a. tương tự comparable; similar or alike

v. phân tích diagnose; study, or examine something in detail to discover more about it

n. vô chính phủ a person who seeks to overturn established government; advocate of abolishing authority

n. Anathema solemn curse; someone or something regarded as a curse

n. giải phẫu detailed analysis;  the scientific study of the body and how its parts are arranged

a. tổ tiên inherited or inheritable by established rules

n. tổ tiên family descent; series or line of ancestors; lineage

a. phụ trợ serving as aid or accessory; auxiliary

a. đau khổ experiencing extreme discomfort or discontent; feeling, expressing, or caused by anguish

a. góc sharp-cornered; consisting of an angle or angles; stiff in manner

n. ác cam the feeling of enmity or ill will; an attitude that informs one's actions; disposition

n. biên niên sử a chronological record of the events of successive years

v. phụ lục append or attach; take possession of; incorporate into an existing political unit

v. tiêu diệt destroy completely; reduce to nonexistence

v. chú thích comment; make explanatory notes

a. gây phiền nhiễu bothersome; troublesome; irritating

n. niên kim annual payment of allowance or income; periodical payment, amounting to a fixed sum in each year

v. Bãi bỏ make or declare void or invalid; reduce to nothing

n. chỉ thống source of relaxation or comfort; medicine that relieves pain

v. xức dầu apply oil or similar substance to; put oil on during religious ceremony as a sign of sanctification or consecration.

a. dị thường deviating from normal or common order, form, or rule

n. đối kháng active resistance; condition of being an opposing principle, force, or factor

v. antecede precede; go before in time, and sometimes in place, rank, or logical order

n. tiền đề preceding events or circumstances that influence what comes later; ancestors or early background

v. đi trước be earlier in time; go back further

a. người xưa antiquated; extremely old and ancient; belonging to very ancient times

n. tuyển tập book of literary selections by various authors

a. con người quá regarding human beings as the center of the universe

a. vật hình giống người manlike; resembling a human, especially in shape or outward appearance

a. anticlimax having human form or characteristics

n. kháng sinh any substance that can destroy or inhibit the growth of bacteria and similar microorganisms

v. dự đoán act in advance of; deal with ahead of time; predict

n. anticlimax the letdown in thought or emotion; decline viewed in disappointing contrast with the previous rise

n. ác cảm strong feeling of aversion; dislike

n. cổ any furniture old and valuable; out of fashion

n. phản đề contrast; direct contrast; opposition

n. nhung entire horn, or any branch of the horn

n. đe a heavy block of iron or steel with a smooth, flat top on which metals are shaped by hammering

a. thờ ơ feeling or showing a lack of interest or concern; indifferent

n. thờ ơ lack of interest, or the attitude of not caring resulting from it; the indifference

n. khai vị alcoholic beverage taken before a meal as an appetizer

n. khẩu độ opening; diameter of such an opening; hole

n. đỉnh highest point; vertex; summit; climax

n. mất ngôn ngữ loss of speech due to injury or illness

n. cách ngôn definition or concise statement of principle; tersely phrased statement of truth or opinion

n. nhà nuôi ong a place where bees and beehives are kept, especially where bees are raised for their honey

n. bình tỉnh poise; self-confident assurance

a. ngụy tạo untrue; of questionable authorship or authenticity; erroneous; fictitious

n. đỉnh cao the highest point; point in an orbit most distant from the body being orbited

a. phi chính trị having aversion or lack of concern for political affairs

a. xin lỗi offering or expressing an apology or excuse; serving as or containing a formal justification or defense

n. biện hộ a person who argues in defense or justification of something, such as doctrine, policy, or institution

v. xin lỗi beg pardon; tell someone that you are sorry for having done something

n. bỏ đạo one who abandons his religious faith or political beliefs

n. dấu lược text character used to mark the possessive or to show the omission of letters or numbers

n. phong thần elevation to godhood; fact or action of becoming a god; an ideal example of something

v. kinh ngạc depress or discourage with fear; grow faint or become weak

n. hiện ra ghostly figure; sudden or unusual sight; appearance; state of being visible

n. kháng cáo attraction; charm; attract; fascinate; challenge

a. hấp dẫn attractive or interesting; charming

n. tên gọi name; title; the act of naming; the act of appealing for aid, sympathy

v. thêm attach; add as supplement or appendix

n. phụ something appended to or accompanying, a principal or greater thing, though not necessary to it

n. sự thèm ăn instinctive physical desire, especially one for food or drink

v. hoan nghênh acclaim; express approval, especially by clapping the hands

a. áp dụng capable of being applied; fit or suitable to be applied; having relevance

n. đơn candidate; a person who formally requests something, especially a job

n. ứng dụng close attention; work of applying something; verbal or written request for assistance

v. cử designate; nominate; choose someone officially for a job or responsibility

a. đúng strikingly appropriate and relevant; well-suited

n. thẩm định assessment; evaluation; the classification of someone or something with respect to its worth

v. Thẩm định estimate value of; evaluate, especially in an official capacity

a. đáng large enough to be noticed or to affect; perceptible

v. đánh giá cao be thankful for; increase in worth; be thoroughly conscious of

n. e sợ fearful or uneasy anticipation of the future; the act of seizing or capturing; understanding

a. sợ hãi capable of knowing; conscious; relating to the faculty of apprehension; sensible or perceptive

n. tập sự the term during which one learns a trade from a skilled worker; service or legal condition of an apprentice

v. thông báo cho nhóm inform; give notice to; make aware

n. tiếp cận a way of considering or doing something

n. sự thừa nhận expression of warm approval; praise

v. thích hợp acquire; take possession of for one's own use; set apart for specific use

v. gần come near or nearer to something or someone in space, time, quality, or amount

ad. khoảng very similarly; roughly

a. anthropomorphic apropos with reference or regard; in respect

a. thủy sản consisting of, relating to, or being in the water

a. chim ưng curved or hooked like an eagle's beak

a. trồng trọt fit for growing crops, as by plowing

n. trọng tài person with power to decide a dispute; judge

a. sống trên cây tree-dwelling; treelike; living in trees

n. vườn ươm a place where different tree varieties are exhibited

n. hồ quang the continuous portion of a circle; something curved in shape

a. phức tạp secret; mysterious; known only to the initiated

n. khảo cổ study of artifacts and relics of early humankind

a. cổ no longer current or applicable; antiquated

n. nguyên mẫu prototype; original model or type after which other similar things are patterned

n. quần đảo group of closely located islands

a. hăng hái displaying or by strong enthusiasm or devotion; passionate

a. gian nan demanding great effort or labor; difficult

a. khô cằn dry; lacking moisture, especially having insufficient rainfall to support trees or plants

n. tầng lớp quý tộc hereditary nobility; privileged class

n. quý tộc one of the aristocracy or people of rank in a community; one of a ruling class; a noble

n. số học theory of numerical calculations

n. hạm đội a fleet of warships; a large group of moving things

n. kho vũ khí arsenal; a place where arms are manufactured

a. thơm fragrant or sweet-smelling; caused by fragrant odor

n. kích thích act of awaking from sleep; arousing from what is like sleep

v. buộc tội officially charge someone in a court of law

n. sắp xếp composition; a plan for how something will happen

n. nợ being in debt; unpaid, overdue debt or an unfulfilled obligation

v. đoạt lấy claim without justification; claim for oneself without the right

n. Arroyo deep gully; a dry gulch; brook or creek; watercourse

n. thủ đoạn chiêm subtle but base deception; trickery; cleverness or skill; ingenuity

n. nghệ nhân manually skilled worker; craftsman, as opposed to an artist

a. thường free of artificiality; natural; open and honest

v. lên move up or climb something; mount

n. uy superiority or decisive advantage; domination

n. leo upward slope or grade; movement upward

a. khổ tu leading a life of self-discipline and self-denial; austere

v. gán inscribe or dedicate; attribute to a specified cause, source, or origin; assign as a quality

a. vô khuẩn preventing infection; having cleansing effect

a. tái mét ash-colored; very pale; consisting of ashes

a. ngu si utterly stupid or silly; inanely foolish

a. kỳ thị with a sideways or indirect look; Turned to side, especially of eyes

ad. lệch turned or twisted toward one side; at an angle

n. thô lổ the sharpness of temper; roughness or harshness, as of surface, sound, or climate

v. ngộp thở deprive of oxygen to the extent of producing death or severe symptoms; suffocate

n. aspirant one who aspires, as to advancement, honors, or a high position

n. khát vọng ambition; something that you hope to achieve

v. công kích assault; attack with or as if with violent blows

n. tấn công a violent attack; an onslaught

v. khảo nghiệm analyze; evaluate; examine by trial or experiment; put to the test

n. tập hợp a group of persons together in one place

v. đồng ý express agreement to what is alleged or proposed; accept

v. khẳng định declare or state with confidence; put oneself forward boldly

a. quả quyết positive; affirming confidently; affirmative; peremptory

v. đánh giá estimate  value; judge worth of something

n. đánh giá act of judging or assessing; amount determined as payable

a. lẫm liệt constant in application or attention; diligent; unceasing or persistent

v. đồng hóa incorporate and absorb into mind; make similar; cause to resemble

n. trợ giúp help, especially money or resources that are given to people  

v. làm dịu ease or lessen pain; satisfy or appease

ad. chắc chắn in a way that causes something to be certain; undoubtedly

n. loạn thị eye defect that prevents proper focus

a. kinh ngạc amazed; very surprised

v. astound affect with wonder; surprise; shock

a. se causing contraction; having the effect of drawing tissue together; stern or austere

n. nhà thiên văn học a physicist who studies astronomy

n. thiên văn học branch of physics that studies celestial bodies and the universe as a whole

ad. phân ly into separate parts or pieces; apart

a. không đối xứng not identical on both sides of a dividing central line

n. bình tỉnh resemblance to remote ancestors rather than to parents; deformity returning after the passage of two or more generations

a. tính di truyền displaying characteristics of previous cultural era or previous ancestral form

a. vô thần denying existence of God; godless

n. Điền kinh art of training by athletic exercises; games and sports of athletes

n. không khí air; a mixture of gases that surrounds any planet

n. nguyên tử a tiny piece of anything; the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element

n. tàn bạo brutal deed; atrocious condition, quality, or behavior; monstrousness

n. teo wasting away; decrease in size; reduction in the functionality of an organ caused by disease

n. gắn a bond, as of affection or loyalty; fond regard; supplementary part; accessory

v. đạt achieve or accomplish; gain

n. đạt something, such as an accomplishment or achievement; achievement

v. tham dự be present at; go to; take care of; tend

n. tham gia act of being present

n. giả aide; servant; accompanying; a person who participates in a meeting

n. sự chú ý act or state of attending or heeding; application of the mind to any object of sense, representation, or thought

v. suy nhược make slender, fine, or small; weaken; lessen the density of

n. trang phục clothes, especially of a particular or formal type; dress

n. thu hút appeal; a characteristic that provides pleasure and attracts

a. hấp dẫn appealing; pleasing; inviting; tempting

n. thuộc tính essential quality; reputation; honor

v. thuộc tính relate to particular cause or source; ascribe; explain

n. tiêu hao a gradual decrease in numbers; reduction in the workforce without firing employees; wearing away through harassment

a. không điển hình not normal; unusual or irregular; not representative of a group, class, or type

a. táo bạo fearlessly, often recklessly daring; bold

n. thính area of theater or concert hall where the audience sits

a. thính giác of or relating to hearing, the organs of hearing, or the sense of hearing

n. khoan hand tool for boring holes; hollow drill used to take core samples of soil, ice

v. tăng make greater, as in size, extent, or quantity

n. bối sign of something coming; art or practice of foretelling events by signs or omens

n. vành the outermost region of the sun's atmosphere; halo

a. cực quang characteristic of dawn; dawning, eastern, like a new beginning; relating to the atmospheric phenomenon auroras

a. tốt lành attended by favorable circumstances; marked by success; prosperous

a. khắc khổ strict or severe in the discipline; severely simple and unornamented

v. xác thực prove genuine; establish authenticity of

a. độc đoán expecting absolute obedience; completely dominating another's will

a. thẩm quyền weighting authority; peremptory and dictatorial

n. tự truyện biography or story written by yourself

n. chuyên quyền dictator; ruler having unlimited power

a. độc đoán having absolute, unchecked power; dictatorial

n. automaton the mechanism that imitates actions of humans

a. tự trị self-governing; not controlled by others or by outside forces; independent

n. tự chủ independence; self-government or the right of self-government; self-determination

a. sẵn convenient for use or disposal; not busy, free; obtainable; accessible

n. tiên phong radically new or original; cutting edge

n. tham lam greediness for wealth; the insatiable desire to gain

v. aver declare to be true; affirm

a. không thích reluctant; disinclined; turned away or backward; unwilling

n. chuồng large cage, building, or enclosure in which birds are reared or kept

a. amiable avid greedy; eager for; marked by keen interest and enthusiasm

n. tiêu khiển activity taken up in addition to one's regular work or profession, usually for enjoyment

v. thú nhận declare openly; acknowledge openly, boldly, and unashamedly

n. sự bày tỏ open declaration; frank acknowledgment

a. cậu in the manner of an uncle, about uncle; kind, genial, benevolent, or tolerant

a. vụng difficult to handle or manage

n. mái hiên roof-like cover, usually of canvas, extended over or before any place as a shelter from the sun, rain, or wind

ad. xiên in a position that is turned toward one side; away from the correct course

n. tiên đề self-evident truth requiring no proof

n. trục pin or spindle on which a wheel revolves, or which revolves with a wheel; transverse bar connecting the opposite wheels

a. xanh sky blue; light purplish-blue