1. Personal Pronoun
| Singular | Plural |
| Subjective Case | I | you | he she it | we | you | they |
| Objective Case | me | you | him her it | us | you | them |
1.1 Personal pronoun as subject : In general, use subjective case as subject, but also use objective case in speaking.
For examples:
- I am happy you come here.
- We are both from the south.
- Who get it? Me. (Objective case as subject in speaking.)
- She is cleverer than me. (Objective case as subject in speaking.)
1.2 Personal pronoun as object : Always use objective case. (Including used as preposition object.)
For examples:
- Tell her to call back a little later.
- She has great concern for us. (preposition object)
1.3 Personal pronoun as predictive : Usually use objective case in speaking, but in normal English, it should be subjective case.
For examples:
- If I were her, I'd take the job. (Objective case as subject in speaking)
- It's me who broke it. (Objective case as subject in speaking)
- If I were she, I'd take the job.
- It's I who broke it.
1.4 Special uses of "it" : "it" may have separate meanings in different context.
For examples:
- What a beautiful baby, is it a boy? (Somebody without knowing gender.)
- Look at that bird, it comes to my window. (Something except people)
- You did a great job, we never forget it. (Any abstract thing)
- Does it itch much? (Feeling)
- Where does it hurt? (Feeling)
- What time is it? (Time)
- It will be the first of April. (Date)
- How far is it to New York? (Distance)
- It's raining now. (Weather)
- It's so quiet in the room. (Environment)
- In winter it's dark in at 5 o'clock. (Air)
- Who is it? It's me. (Answer phone)
1.5 Special uses of "she" : "she" may have separate meanings besides woman.
For examples:
- I stroked the cat and she rubbed against my leg. (Female animal)
- She is a nice ship. (Ship, vehicle)
- Canada has done what she promised to do. (Country)
1.6 Special uses of "we", "you", "they" : They may be used to represent general or unspecific people by context.
For examples:
- We all have merits.
(People all have merits.) - You need to consider all factors.
(People -listeners or readers- need to consider all factors.) - They say price are going to increase again.
(People -some or other people- say price are going to increase again.)
2. Possessive pronoun
| As Adjective | my | your | his her its | our | your | their |
| As noun | mine | yours | his hers its | ours | yours | theirs |
2.1 Possessive pronoun as attribute : The first row's possessive pronouns act as adjective, called possessive adjective, and are part of attribute.
For examples:
- Is this your seat?
- The government has changed its policy.
Besides, possessive adjective can use with "own" to form a noun phrase, which can be used as attribute, predictive, and object.
For examples:
- I write for my own thought. (Attribute)
- Virtue is its own reward. (Attribute)
- My time isn't my own. (Predictive)
- It's his friend's car, not his own. (Predictive)
- Their views are similar to our own. (Object)
2.2 Possessive pronoun as subject, object, and predictive : The second row's possessive pronouns act as noun, called possessive noun.
For examples:
- Is this your book or mine? (Predictive)
- Yours is on the shelf. (Subject)
- I like yours better than ours. (Object)
2.3 Possessive pronoun after "of" : Possessive noun cab be with "of" directly; as for possessive adjective, we should add "own" to build a noun phrase at first, then use with "of". Notice the tiny differences among them.
For examples:
- I borrowed a tie of his.
I borrowed a tie of his own.
I borrowed his tie. - He is a admirer of yours.
He is a admirer of your own.
He is your admirer. - We have children of ours.
We have children of our own.
We have our children. - I build a lab of mine.
I build a lab of my own.
I build my lab.