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TOEFL Vocabulary: Basic Level

aggravate

(1)

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worsen; make worse or more troublesome

retain; protect from loss or harm; preserve; use carefully or sparingly, avoiding waste

represent in a picture or sculpture; portray in words; describe

swallow; utter or make a noise, as when swallowing too quickly

stimulate by shock; stir up; stimulate to action

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ascent

(2)

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upward slope or grade; movement upward

study of myths; collection of myths

subject; topic; problem; edition; publication; release; publish

waste pipe that carries away sewage or surface water; someone who sews

soft, earthy substance, of a white, grayish, or yellowish white color, used as a drawing implement

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cargo

(3)

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small kernels of corn exploded by heat

welfare; happiness; state of being healthy, happy, or prosperous

freight carried by a ship, an aircraft, or another vehicle

substance believed to cure all ills

tool or instrument used in doing work; put into practical effect

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collaboration

(4)

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scarcity; smallness of number; fewness

written proposal or reminder

trip; usually short journey made for pleasure

tunnel; hole in the ground made by an animal for shelter; dig; move through by or as by digging

act of working together; act of cooperating with an enemy, especially it occupying one's own country

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current

(5)

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violent disturbance; sudden, violent disruption or upset

supply; provision; piece of equipment necessary or useful for comfort or convenience

unmarried men; the first or lowest academic degree conferred by universities and colleges

something that is an indulgence rather than necessity; excessively expensive

stream; flow; up-to-date; present

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economize

(6)

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swing; move back and forth or sideways; win approval or support for; convince

save money or resource; cut back; be thrifty

stress; underscore; utter or pronounce with a particular stress of voice

take back what one has said ; enclose or envelop completely

traverse the distance between; cover or extend over an area or time period

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exalted

(7)

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unwise to implement or maintain in practice; theoretical

superior; elevated in rank, character, or status; of high moral or intellectual value

unbalanced; uneven

remaining without essential change

very showy or ornamented, especially when excessive, or in a tasteless or vulgar manner

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glazed

(8)

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unbalanced; uneven

having a shiny surface or coating; lacking liveliness, used of eyes; fitted or covered with glass

void of thought or knowledge; without an occupant or incumbent

without consideration; in spite of everything; anyway

unquestionably; without doubt; certainly

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hollow

(9)

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unchecked; free; marked by uncontrolled excitement or emotion

acting or done without or against one's will

sparing; economical; costing little; inexpensive

struck with fear, dread, or consternation

sound as if echoing in a empty space; void; vain; not solid; having a space or gap or cavity

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lash

(10)

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revelation; indication of the existence, reality, or presence of something

science dealing with the logic of quantity and shape

season of growth; season of spring

unfriendliness; hatred; state of being hostile

any of the short hairs fringing the edge of the eyelid

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marvelous

(11)

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rich and superior in quality; lavish

state of being held in high esteem and honor

wonderful; extraordinarily good

willing to try new things and take risks; bold

rough; coarse; severe; unpleasantly stern

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monument

(12)

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structure erected to commemorate persons or events; memorial

tiny American bird having brilliant iridescent plumage and long slender bills

storage place for military equipment; stock of weapons

fertilization of plants by the agency of insects that carry pollen from one flower to another

state that precedes vomiting; disease

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portion

(13)

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warning serves; alarm; condition of heightened watchfulness or preparation for action

section or quantity within a larger thing; a part of a whole

summit; apex; maximum; prime

reproductive organ of plants, especially one having showy or colorful parts

state of being proximate; nearness in place, time, or relation

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recall

(14)

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remove the surface from

wear away or irritate by rubbing; make sore by rubbing; annoy; vex

undo or ravel knitted fabric of; separate and clarify; solve

remember; call back; cause to be returned

unearth; dig out; make a hole in; hollow out

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residue

(15)

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someone who has given long service

property of not supporting life, no children or unable to have children; defect of emotion, sensibility, or fervency

remainder of something after removal of parts or a part; balance

stimulation that arouses a person to lively action

ritual; ceremony or rite

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scene

(16)

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structure on which something is shown; part of theater where the acting is done; place, time, or circumstance in which anything occurs

wonder; strong surprise; astonishment

voting; survey; number of votes cast or recorded

slender, pointed missile, often having tail fins, thrown by hand, shot from a blowgun, or expelled by an exploding bomb

special group delegated to consider some matter

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strain

(17)

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one that is not yet fully developed; sprout

group of organisms within a species; tension; pressure

place, such as a storehouse, where a stock of things is kept; storage; entire range of skills or aptitudes

trip; usually short journey made for pleasure

rough outline; draw up an outline; sketch

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terminology

(18)

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walking with regular steps; a procession of people walking together; steady advance

vocabulary of technical terms used in a particular field, subject, science, or art

result of improving something; process of removing impurities

sovereignty; rule; dominance or widespread influence

stiffness; physical property of being stiff and resisting bending

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timid

(19)

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unendurable; so unpleasant, distasteful, or painful as to be intolerable

significant; having meaning, function, or purpose

understandable; readily comprehended or understood; intelligible

the smallest possible quantity

shy; craven; lacking self-confidence; shy

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veteran

(20)

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someone who has given long service

speech sound made with the vocal tract open

tall annual cereal grass bearing kernels on large ears

scarcity; smallness of number; fewness

understanding; feeling; effect or product of perceiving

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