4000 CPE Vocabulary List

manual computing device consisting of a frame holding parallel rods strung with movable counters

of or relating to hearing, the organs of hearing, or the sense of hearing

the bitterness of speech and temper; sourness or acidness of taste, character, or tone

border upon; adjoin; touch or end at one end or side; lie adjacent

science of sound; the quality that makes a room easy or hard to hear in

humiliate; lower or depress in rank or esteem

air; a mixture of gases that surrounds any planet

make shorter; reduce to shorter form intended to represent full form, as for word or phrase

being in debt; unpaid, overdue debt or an unfulfilled obligation

experiencing extreme discomfort or discontent; feeling, expressing, or caused by anguish

embarrass; make ashamed or uneasy; disconcert

associate; cause a group to become part of or form a close relationship with another

cause to move with violence or sudden force; upset; disturb

cheerful promptness or willingness; eagerness; speed or quickness

acquire; take possession of for one's own use; set apart for specific use

subside; decrease; become less in amount or intensity

the highest point; point in an orbit most distant from the body being orbited

in a position that is turned toward one side; away from the correct course

make shorter; reduce to shorter form intended to represent full form, as for word or phrase

of or relating to hearing, the organs of hearing, or the sense of hearing

fragrant or sweet-smelling; caused by fragrant odor

renounce upon oath; abandon forever

shortening something by omitting parts of it

easily approachable; warmly friendly

leave quickly and secretly and hide oneself, often to avoid arrest or prosecution

blame; say that someone has done something morally wrong, illegal, or unkind

strong feeling of aversion; dislike

give up, renounce, abandon, lay down, or withdraw from, as a right or claim

declare openly; acknowledge openly, boldly, and unashamedly

a fleet of warships; a large group of moving things

resemblance to remote ancestors rather than to parents; deformity returning after the passage of two or more generations

abnormal;  markedly different from an accepted norm

something you cannot stop taking once you have started

consisting of, relating to, or being in the water

aid, usually in doing something wrong; encourage

manually skilled worker; craftsman, as opposed to an artist

bottomless; very profound; limitless; very bad

branch of physics that studies celestial bodies and the universe as a whole

suspended action; temporary cessation or suspension

quality of being absurd or inconsistent with obvious truth, reason, or sound judgment; logical contradiction

state of having contradictory or conflicting emotional attitudes, such as love and hate

apply oil or similar substance to; put oil on during religious ceremony as a sign of sanctification or consecration.

study of artifacts and relics of early humankind

fill with horror and loathing; horrify; hate

abolish, do away with, or annul, especially by authority

act of accepting with approval

obscure; profound; difficult to understand

renounce upon oath; abandon forever

being in debt; unpaid, overdue debt or an unfulfilled obligation

burning; radiant; bright; keenly excited; resembling flame in brilliance or color

having human form or characteristics

support; active pleading on behalf of something

destroy completely; reduce to nonexistence

activity taken up in addition to one's regular work or profession, usually for enjoyment

washing or cleansing of the body, especially as part of religious rite

easily approachable; warmly friendly

border upon; adjoin; touch or end at one end or side; lie adjacent

change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors

change something slightly, especially to make it more correct, effective, or suitable

give up or surrender; deny something to oneself

accustom or become accustomed to a new environment or situation; adapt

designate; nominate; choose someone officially for a job or responsibility

fill with horror and loathing; horrify; hate

repudiation; self-sacrifice; renouncing your own interests in favor of interests of others

greedy; eager for; marked by keen interest and enthusiasm

able to live both on land and in water

the highest point; point in an orbit most distant from the body being orbited

act of waiting; delay; stay or continuance in a place

cancel; put an end to; destroy completely

wise saying; brief familiar proverb;  expression of popular wisdom

assent; agree without protesting

aspiring; having a strong desire for success or achievement

a reformer who favors abolishing slavery

exhibiting friendliness or goodwill; not quarrelsome

capable of being applied; fit or suitable to be applied; having relevance

convenient for use or disposal; not busy, free; obtainable; accessible

detestable; extremely unpleasant; very bad

declare to be true; affirm

repudiation; self-sacrifice; renouncing your own interests in favor of interests of others

something you cannot stop taking once you have started

being the first of its kind in a region; primitive; native

obscure; profound; difficult to understand

dictator; ruler having unlimited power

mixed;  experiencing or expressing opposing or contradictory feelings

utterly stupid or silly; inanely foolish

eye defect that prevents proper focus

broaden or clarify by expanding; intensify; make larger or more powerful; increase

unsuccessful; failing to accomplish an intended objective; fruitless

be full of; be plentiful

act of accepting with approval

astonish; affect with wonder

washing or cleansing of the body, especially as part of religious rite

expecting absolute obedience; completely dominating another's will

wear away by friction; scrape; erode

greedy; eager for; marked by keen interest and enthusiasm

growth or increase in size by gradual external addition, fusion, or inclusion

change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors

appealing; pleasing; inviting; tempting

apply oil or similar substance to; put oil on during religious ceremony as a sign of sanctification or consecration.

scratch; friction; the process of rubbing away the surface of something

alcoholic beverage taken before a meal as an appetizer

make shorter; reduce to shorter form intended to represent full form, as for word or phrase

condense; shorten; reduce length of written text

deep gully; a dry gulch; brook or creek; watercourse

abolish, do away with, or annul, especially by authority

skillful and adept under pressing conditions

a scholar who is skilled in academic disputation

plentiful; possessing riches or resources

burning; radiant; bright; keenly excited; resembling flame in brilliance or color

contrast; direct contrast; opposition

calm; pacify; reduce the intensity of; relieve

broken off; very steep; having sudden transitions from one subject to another

moving at an easy pace; walk slowly or leisurely

leave quickly and secretly and hide oneself, often to avoid arrest or prosecution

responsive to advise or suggestion; responsible to a higher authority; willing to comply with; agreeable

flexible; becoming or being made suitable to a particular situation or use

be present at; go to; take care of; tend

declare openly; acknowledge openly, boldly, and unashamedly

the outermost region of the sun's atmosphere; halo

assimilate or incorporate; suck or drink up; occupy full attention

refrain; hold oneself back voluntarily from an action or practice

refer casually or indirectly, or by suggestion

definition or concise statement of principle; tersely phrased statement of truth or opinion

act of waiting; delay; stay or continuance in a place

be present at; go to; take care of; tend

sparing or moderation in eating and drinking; temperate

repetition of a beginning sound in poetry

the continuous portion of a circle; something curved in shape

no longer current or applicable; antiquated

arsenal; a place where arms are manufactured

serving to reduce sensibility to pain without loss of consciousness

obscure; profound; difficult to understand

quality of being absurd or inconsistent with obvious truth, reason, or sound judgment; logical contradiction

unselfishly generous; concerned for others

accept; take on; raise; take into one's family

displaying or by strong enthusiasm or devotion; passionate

plentiful; possessing riches or resources

having absolute, unchecked power; dictatorial

act of playing honor to a divine being; worship paid to God; the act of addressing as a god

designate; nominate; choose someone officially for a job or responsibility

ambition; something that you hope to achieve

feeling or showing a lack of interest or concern; indifferent

border upon; adjoin; touch or end at one end or side; lie adjacent

accustom or become accustomed to a new environment or situation; adapt

bottomless; very profound; limitless; very bad

make or declare void or invalid; reduce to nothing

shortening something by omitting parts of it

aspiring; having a strong desire for success or achievement

close attention; work of applying something; verbal or written request for assistance

in a position that is turned toward one side; away from the correct course

a scholar who is skilled in academic disputation

self-governing; not controlled by others or by outside forces; independent

bottomless; very profound; limitless; very bad

agree; give consent, often at the insistence of another; concede

act in advance of; deal with ahead of time; predict

not normal; unusual or irregular; not representative of a group, class, or type

emphasize; stress; pronounce with stress or accent; mark with an accent

the bitterness of speech and temper; sourness or acidness of taste, character, or tone

estimate value of; evaluate, especially in an official capacity

very similarly; roughly

claim without justification; claim for oneself without the right

something, such as an accomplishment or achievement; achievement

the attribute of being easy to meet or deal with

friendship; peaceful relations, as between nations

additional object; useful but not essential thing; subordinate or supplementary item

demanding great effort or labor; difficult

hereditary nobility; privileged class

formless; lacking shape or definition

applaud; announce with great approval

in the manner of an uncle, about uncle; kind, genial, benevolent, or tolerant

serving as aid or accessory; auxiliary

sickness;a slight but often persistent illness

accustom or become accustomed to a new environment or situation; adapt

plentiful; possessing riches or resources

turned or twisted toward one side; at an angle

the highest point; point in an orbit most distant from the body being orbited

active resistance; condition of being an opposing principle, force, or factor

upward slope, as of hill

clothes, especially of a particular or formal type; dress

attract with something desirable; be highly, often subtly attractive

award of merit; expression of approval; praise

cause to move with violence or sudden force; upset; disturb

strict or severe in the discipline; severely simple and unornamented

affect with wonder; surprise; shock

theory of numerical calculations

having aversion or lack of concern for political affairs

act of accompanying someone or something

assent; agree without protesting

friendship; peaceful relations, as between nations

denying existence of God; godless

attendant; appearing or going with someone or something else

unselfishly generous; concerned for others

quality of being absurd or inconsistent with obvious truth, reason, or sound judgment; logical contradiction

be next to; be contiguous to; border on

achievement; fulfillment; something that is successful

independence; self-government or the right of self-government; self-determination

the mechanism that imitates actions of humans

border upon; adjoin; touch or end at one end or side; lie adjacent

emphasize; stress; pronounce with stress or accent; mark with an accent

a box-shaped musical instrument consisting of a folded central part with a keyboard

repetition of a beginning sound in poetry

achievement; fulfillment; something that is successful

approach and speak to boldly or aggressively, as with demand or request

branch of physics that studies celestial bodies and the universe as a whole

collection; heap; act or process of gathering into a mass

unclear or doubtful in meaning

equip; provide with military equipment

struck by shock, terror, or amazement

refer casually or indirectly, or by suggestion

authorize; commission; give credit for

attractive or interesting; charming

ghostly figure; sudden or unusual sight; appearance; state of being visible

be full of; be plentiful

estimate value of; evaluate, especially in an official capacity

growth or increase in size by gradual external addition, fusion, or inclusion

fragrant or sweet-smelling; caused by fragrant odor

a box-shaped musical instrument consisting of a folded central part with a keyboard

an abbreviation consisting of the first letters of each word in the name of something

increase, accumulate, or come about as a result of growth; accumulate over time

preceding events or circumstances that influence what comes later; ancestors or early background

clay; brick; sun-dried brick; structure built with this type of brick

able to pay for

pile up; collect;  mount up; increase

particular environment or surrounding influence; an atmosphere of the environment

accustom or become accustomed to a new environment or situation; adapt

blame; say that someone has done something morally wrong, illegal, or unkind

washing or cleansing of the body, especially as part of religious rite

in the manner of an uncle, about uncle; kind, genial, benevolent, or tolerant

biography or story written by yourself

the bitterness of speech and temper; sourness or acidness of taste, character, or tone

contrast; direct contrast; opposition

nest of a bird, such as an eagle, built on a cliff or other high place

repetition of a beginning sound in poetry

opening; diameter of such an opening; hole

sharp-cornered; consisting of an angle or angles; stiff in manner

having properties of vinegar; sour

repudiation; self-sacrifice; renouncing your own interests in favor of interests of others

slightly sour in taste or manner; sharp; caustic

assessment; evaluation; the classification of someone or something with respect to its worth

a box-shaped musical instrument consisting of a folded central part with a keyboard

make shorter; reduce to shorter form intended to represent full form, as for word or phrase

positive; affirming confidently; affirmative; peremptory

demanding great effort or labor; difficult

fruit of the oak, being an oval nut growing in a woody cup; a cone-shaped piece of wood

science of sound; the quality that makes a room easy or hard to hear in

no longer current or applicable; antiquated

act of accompanying someone or something

pin or spindle on which a wheel revolves, or which revolves with a wheel; transverse bar connecting the opposite wheels

assent; agree without protesting

apply oil or similar substance to; put oil on during religious ceremony as a sign of sanctification or consecration.

append or attach; take possession of; incorporate into an existing political unit

comment; make explanatory notes

area of theater or concert hall where the audience sits

change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors

cancel; put an end to; destroy completely

act of contracting or assuming or acquiring possession of something

moving at an easy pace; walk slowly or leisurely

unpleasantly sharp or bitter to taste or smell; bitterly pungent

something added or to be added, especially a supplement to a book

particular environment or surrounding influence; an atmosphere of the environment

in a way that causes something to be certain; undoubtedly

bitter and sharp in language, tone, or manner

make slender, fine, or small; weaken; lessen the density of

temptation; enticement; any real or apparent good held forth or operating, as a motive to action

an abbreviation consisting of the first letters of each word in the name of something

adjoining; neighboring; close to; lying near

offering or expressing an apology or excuse; serving as or containing a formal justification or defense

close attention; work of applying something; verbal or written request for assistance

warn; counsel someone against something to be avoided

comparable; similar or alike

estimate  value; judge worth of something

fear of heights; abnormal fear of high places

calculating; pertaining to insurance statistics

give hint or indication of something; disclose partially or guardedly; overshadow; shade

be present at; go to; take care of; tend

assault; attack with or as if with violent blows

good-natured and likable; lovable; warmly friendly

temptation; enticement; any real or apparent good held forth or operating, as a motive to action

addition of extra material or illustration or clarifying detail

put into motion or action; activate

emphasize; stress; pronounce with stress or accent; mark with an accent

sharpness; acuteness of vision or perception; keenness

hereditary nobility; privileged class

expecting absolute obedience; completely dominating another's will

the continuous portion of a circle; something curved in shape

give hint or indication of something; disclose partially or guardedly; overshadow; shade

able to pay for

mental keenness; quickness of perception

wise saying; brief familiar proverb;  expression of popular wisdom

authorize; commission; give credit for

comparable; similar or alike

into separate parts or pieces; apart

repetition of a beginning sound in poetry

flexible; becoming or being made suitable to a particular situation or use

into separate parts or pieces; apart

alcoholic beverage taken before a meal as an appetizer

append or attach; take possession of; incorporate into an existing political unit

pleasantness resulting from agreeable conditions

something added or to be added, especially a supplement to a book

inscribe or dedicate; attribute to a specified cause, source, or origin; assign as a quality

cause someone to become dependent; indulge in; be devoted to

entire horn, or any branch of the horn

unsuccessful; failing to accomplish an intended objective; fruitless

a place where different tree varieties are exhibited

declare openly; acknowledge openly, boldly, and unashamedly

collect; gather for oneself, as for one's pleasure or profit

something you cannot stop taking once you have started

science of sound; the quality that makes a room easy or hard to hear in

a way of considering or doing something

preventing infection; having cleansing effect

a chronological record of the events of successive years

muddle; drive crazy; become confused

large cage, building, or enclosure in which birds are reared or kept

expert at; very skilled; having or showing knowledge and skill and aptitude

appeal; a characteristic that provides pleasure and attracts

make slender, fine, or small; weaken; lessen the density of

a person who adheres; one who follows or upholds a leader, party, cause

inscribe or dedicate; attribute to a specified cause, source, or origin; assign as a quality

turned or twisted toward one side; at an angle

attach; add as supplement or appendix

inherited or inheritable by established rules

adjoining; neighboring; close to; lying near

candidate; a person who formally requests something, especially a job

a person who adheres; one who follows or upholds a leader, party, cause

struck by shock, terror, or amazement

increase, accumulate, or come about as a result of growth; accumulate over time

be next to; be contiguous to; border on

make greater, as in size, extent, or quantity

symbolic representation of abstract ideas or principles in narrative, dramatic, or pictorial form

pertaining to land or its cultivation; relating to agricultural or rural matters

hear and settle a case by judicial procedure

depress or discourage with fear; grow faint or become weak

something added on or attached generally nonessential or inferior

fragrant or sweet-smelling; caused by fragrant odor

ease or lessen pain; satisfy or appease

a gradual decrease in numbers; reduction in the workforce without firing employees; wearing away through harassment

excessive flattery or admiration; unmerited praise

appeal to or entreat earnestly; command or enjoin solemnly, as under oath

a place where bees and beehives are kept, especially where bees are raised for their honey

something appended to or accompanying, a principal or greater thing, though not necessary to it

a tiny piece of anything; the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element

change something slightly, especially to make it more correct, effective, or suitable

feeling or showing a lack of interest or concern; indifferent

sign of something coming; art or practice of foretelling events by signs or omens

leave quickly and secretly and hide oneself, often to avoid arrest or prosecution

make greater, as in size, extent, or quantity

incorporate and absorb into mind; make similar; cause to resemble

warn; counsel someone against something to be avoided

gentle or friendly reproof; cautionary advice or warning

expecting absolute obedience; completely dominating another's will

fearful or uneasy anticipation of the future; the act of seizing or capturing; understanding

increase, accumulate, or come about as a result of growth; accumulate over time

act of accompanying someone or something

clay; brick; sun-dried brick; structure built with this type of brick

opening; diameter of such an opening; hole

calculating; pertaining to insurance statistics

a juvenile between the onset of puberty and maturity

able to pay for

give up, renounce, abandon, lay down, or withdraw from, as a right or claim

any furniture old and valuable; out of fashion

large cage, building, or enclosure in which birds are reared or kept

aloft; flying; in the air

fasten; append; add on; secure to something

accept; take on; raise; take into one's family

having properties of vinegar; sour

a person who argues in defense or justification of something, such as doctrine, policy, or institution

act of accepting with approval

a place where different tree varieties are exhibited

a violent attack; an onslaught

act of playing honor to a divine being; worship paid to God; the act of addressing as a god

pin or spindle on which a wheel revolves, or which revolves with a wheel; transverse bar connecting the opposite wheels

with a sideways or indirect look; Turned to side, especially of eyes

a place where different tree varieties are exhibited

a person who argues in defense or justification of something, such as doctrine, policy, or institution

enhance or decorate with or as if with ornaments

manlike; resembling a human, especially in shape or outward appearance

insult; offense; intentional act of disrespect

several things grouped together or considered as a whole

embellishment; decoration; something that beautifies or adorns; ornament

humiliate; lower or depress in rank or esteem

muddle; drive crazy; become confused

acclaim; express approval, especially by clapping the hands

skillful and adept under pressing conditions

a chronological record of the events of successive years

achieve or accomplish; gain

excessive flattery or admiration; unmerited praise

shortening something by omitting parts of it

book of literary selections by various authors

bitter and sharp in language, tone, or manner

a place where bees and beehives are kept, especially where bees are raised for their honey

self-evident truth requiring no proof

make impure by adding inferior or tainted substances

fill with horror and loathing; horrify; hate

change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors

having human form or characteristics

give hint or indication of something; disclose partially or guardedly; overshadow; shade

coming or arrival, especially of something extremely important

natural attraction, liking, or feeling of kinship; relationship by marriage

be earlier in time; go back further

make slender, fine, or small; weaken; lessen the density of

award of merit; expression of approval; praise

act of contracting or assuming or acquiring possession of something

a group of persons together in one place

accidental; casual; not inherent but added extrinsically

sky blue; light purplish-blue

convenient features; courtesies

act of being present

support; active pleading on behalf of something

nest of a bird, such as an eagle, built on a cliff or other high place

capable of being applied; fit or suitable to be applied; having relevance

fearlessly, often recklessly daring; bold

enhance or decorate with or as if with ornaments

the bitterness of speech and temper; sourness or acidness of taste, character, or tone

easily approachable; warmly friendly

manlike; resembling a human, especially in shape or outward appearance

name; title; the act of naming; the act of appealing for aid, sympathy

associate; cause a group to become part of or form a close relationship with another

air; a mixture of gases that surrounds any planet

a way of considering or doing something

group of closely located islands

mental keenness; quickness of perception

estimate  value; judge worth of something

symbolic representation of abstract ideas or principles in narrative, dramatic, or pictorial form

natural attraction, liking, or feeling of kinship; relationship by marriage

state something as true; assert; confirm

precede; go before in time, and sometimes in place, rank, or logical order

fruit of the oak, being an oval nut growing in a woody cup; a cone-shaped piece of wood

expression of warm approval; praise

positive assertion; confirmation; solemn pledge by one who refuses to take an oath

emphasize; stress; pronounce with stress or accent; mark with an accent

serving as aid or accessory; auxiliary

unsuccessful; failing to accomplish an intended objective; fruitless

attendant; appearing or going with someone or something else

fasten; append; add on; secure to something

a person who argues in defense or justification of something, such as doctrine, policy, or institution

family descent; series or line of ancestors; lineage

serving to reduce sensibility to pain without loss of consciousness

cause or condition of pain, suffering, or distress

make or declare void or invalid; reduce to nothing

dry; lacking moisture, especially having insufficient rainfall to support trees or plants

close attention; work of applying something; verbal or written request for assistance

fruit of the oak, being an oval nut growing in a woody cup; a cone-shaped piece of wood

abundance; a plentiful supply of material goods; wealth

be full of; be plentiful

a juvenile between the onset of puberty and maturity

able to pay for

give up or surrender; deny something to oneself

ash-colored; very pale; consisting of ashes

obscure; profound; difficult to understand

of or relating to hearing, the organs of hearing, or the sense of hearing

appeal to or entreat earnestly; command or enjoin solemnly, as under oath

insult; offense; intentional act of disrespect

arsenal; a place where arms are manufactured

any substance that can destroy or inhibit the growth of bacteria and similar microorganisms

outcome; consequence, especially of a disaster or misfortune

manual computing device consisting of a frame holding parallel rods strung with movable counters

accidental; casual; not inherent but added extrinsically

assault; attack with or as if with violent blows

collection; heap; act or process of gathering into a mass

clothes, especially of a particular or formal type; dress

the sharpness of temper; roughness or harshness, as of surface, sound, or climate

increase the scope of; extend; intensify; make greater in power, influence, stature, or reputation

a place where different tree varieties are exhibited

capable of knowing; conscious; relating to the faculty of apprehension; sensible or perceptive

worsen; make worse or more troublesome

mentally quick; moving quickly and lightly

repetition of a beginning sound in poetry

oval building with tiers of seats from central open space or arena

gather into a mass, sum, or whole; amount to

awesome; astounding; surprising

a place where bees and beehives are kept, especially where bees are raised for their honey

exhibiting friendliness or goodwill; not quarrelsome

broken off; very steep; having sudden transitions from one subject to another

several things grouped together or considered as a whole

equip; provide with military equipment

act of awaking from sleep; arousing from what is like sleep

acquire; take possession of for one's own use; set apart for specific use

struck by shock, terror, or amazement

award of merit; expression of approval; praise

one who is skeptical of the existence of a god or any ultimate reality

achieve or accomplish; gain

mentally quick; moving quickly and lightly

denying existence of God; godless

deviating from normal or common order, form, or rule

cause to move with violence or sudden force; upset; disturb

oval building with tiers of seats from central open space or arena

particular environment or surrounding influence; an atmosphere of the environment

authorize; commission; give credit for

anxiety; extreme emotional disturbance

humiliate; lower or depress in rank or esteem

entire horn, or any branch of the horn

be next to; be contiguous to; border on

one who is skeptical of the existence of a god or any ultimate reality

be thankful for; increase in worth; be thoroughly conscious of

declare or state with confidence; put oneself forward boldly

fruit of the oak, being an oval nut growing in a woody cup; a cone-shaped piece of wood

pertaining to land or its cultivation; relating to agricultural or rural matters

convenient features; courtesies

muddle; drive crazy; become confused

give up, renounce, abandon, lay down, or withdraw from, as a right or claim

declare or state with confidence; put oneself forward boldly

aloft; flying; in the air

struck by shock, terror, or amazement

sickness;a slight but often persistent illness

capable of knowing; conscious; relating to the faculty of apprehension; sensible or perceptive

astonish; affect with wonder

be broadcast on television or radio

apply oil or similar substance to; put oil on during religious ceremony as a sign of sanctification or consecration.

combine; unite in one body; mix or alloy metal with mercury

aloft; flying; in the air

utterly stupid or silly; inanely foolish

estimate value of; evaluate, especially in an official capacity

annual payment of allowance or income; periodical payment, amounting to a fixed sum in each year

untrue; of questionable authorship or authenticity; erroneous; fictitious

make slender, fine, or small; weaken; lessen the density of

cheerful promptness or willingness; eagerness; speed or quickness

abundance; a plentiful supply of material goods; wealth

medieval chemistry; magical or mysterious power or process of transforming

claim without justification; claim for oneself without the right

able to walk; formed or adapted for walking; not stationary

preventing infection; having cleansing effect

nook; small, recessed section of a room

make or become better; improve; grow better

expert at; very skilled; having or showing knowledge and skill and aptitude

established procedure for solving problem

displaying or by strong enthusiasm or devotion; passionate

give up or surrender; deny something to oneself

applaud; announce with great approval

be next to; be contiguous to; border on

annual payment of allowance or income; periodical payment, amounting to a fixed sum in each year

arrangement; association; alliance

expecting absolute obedience; completely dominating another's will

fear of heights; abnormal fear of high places

fruit of the oak, being an oval nut growing in a woody cup; a cone-shaped piece of wood

providing nourishment; concerned with food, nutrition, or digestion

washing or cleansing of the body, especially as part of religious rite

book of literary selections by various authors

clothes, especially of a particular or formal type; dress

in a position that is turned toward one side; away from the correct course

soda ash; caustic soda, caustic potash; one of a class of caustic bases, such as soda, potash, and ammonia

repetition of a beginning sound in poetry

combine; unite in one body; mix or alloy metal with mercury

a person who adheres; one who follows or upholds a leader, party, cause

calm; pacify; reduce the intensity of; relieve

awesome; astounding; surprising

state something as true; assert; confirm

suggestion without proof that someone has done something wrong

give up or surrender; deny something to oneself

condense; shorten; reduce length of written text

something appended to or accompanying, a principal or greater thing, though not necessary to it

state without proof; assert to be true

consisting of, relating to, or being in the water

apply oil or similar substance to; put oil on during religious ceremony as a sign of sanctification or consecration.

accidental; casual; not inherent but added extrinsically

symbolic representation of abstract ideas or principles in narrative, dramatic, or pictorial form

expert at; very skilled; having or showing knowledge and skill and aptitude

a group of persons together in one place

flexible; becoming or being made suitable to a particular situation or use

repetition of a beginning sound in poetry

easily approachable; warmly friendly

self-governing; not controlled by others or by outside forces; independent

aspiration; a strong wish to achieve something

a way of considering or doing something

assign; distribute according to plan

in or into a high place; high or higher up

agree; give consent, often at the insistence of another; concede

annual payment of allowance or income; periodical payment, amounting to a fixed sum in each year

combine; mix; make less pure; lessen or moderate

having properties of vinegar; sour

refer casually or indirectly, or by suggestion

fruit of the oak, being an oval nut growing in a woody cup; a cone-shaped piece of wood

fearlessly, often recklessly daring; bold

solemn curse; someone or something regarded as a curse

attract with something desirable; be highly, often subtly attractive

free of artificiality; natural; open and honest

bothersome; troublesome; irritating

consisting of, relating to, or being in the water

temptation; enticement; any real or apparent good held forth or operating, as a motive to action

growth or increase in size by gradual external addition, fusion, or inclusion

constant in application or attention; diligent; unceasing or persistent

indirect reference; symbolical reference or comparison; metaphor

independence; self-government or the right of self-government; self-determination

adjoining; neighboring; close to; lying near

convenient for use or disposal; not busy, free; obtainable; accessible

having human form or characteristics

serving as aid or accessory; auxiliary

confederate; partner; collaborator

make shorter; reduce to shorter form intended to represent full form, as for word or phrase

abnormal;  markedly different from an accepted norm

any substance that can destroy or inhibit the growth of bacteria and similar microorganisms

in or into a high place; high or higher up

something you cannot stop taking once you have started

dictator; ruler having unlimited power

state of having contradictory or conflicting emotional attitudes, such as love and hate

adjoining; neighboring; close to; lying near

apart; remote in manner; distant physically or emotionally; reserved and remote

a passage from one form or state to another; change

help, especially money or resources that are given to people

displaying characteristics of previous cultural era or previous ancestral form

cause someone to become dependent; indulge in; be devoted to

unselfishly generous; concerned for others

theory of numerical calculations

convenient for use or disposal; not busy, free; obtainable; accessible

weighting authority; peremptory and dictatorial

positive assertion; confirmation; solemn pledge by one who refuses to take an oath

combine; unite in one body; mix or alloy metal with mercury

constant in application or attention; diligent; unceasing or persistent

cheerful promptness or willingness; eagerness; speed or quickness

active resistance; condition of being an opposing principle, force, or factor

collect; gather for oneself, as for one's pleasure or profit

attract with something desirable; be highly, often subtly attractive

definition or concise statement of principle; tersely phrased statement of truth or opinion

astonish; affect with wonder

inform; give notice to; make aware

unsuccessful; failing to accomplish an intended objective; fruitless

strong feeling of aversion; dislike

awesome; astounding; surprising

having absolute, unchecked power; dictatorial

offering or expressing an apology or excuse; serving as or containing a formal justification or defense

strong feeling of aversion; dislike

a juvenile between the onset of puberty and maturity

suspended action; temporary cessation or suspension

capable of using either hand with equal ease

make greater, as in size, extent, or quantity

cancel; put an end to; destroy completely

ghostly figure; sudden or unusual sight; appearance; state of being visible

with reference or regard; in respect

particular environment or surrounding influence; an atmosphere of the environment

curved or hooked like an eagle's beak

cheerful promptness or willingness; eagerness; speed or quickness

be present at; go to; take care of; tend

state of being ambiguous; doubtfulness or uncertainty

accidental; casual; not inherent but added extrinsically

unclear or doubtful in meaning

prototype; original model or type after which other similar things are patterned

roof-like cover, usually of canvas, extended over or before any place as a shelter from the sun, rain, or wind

aspiration; a strong wish to achieve something

loss of speech due to injury or illness

fruit of the oak, being an oval nut growing in a woody cup; a cone-shaped piece of wood

aloft; flying; in the air

deprive of oxygen to the extent of producing death or severe symptoms; suffocate

aspiring; having a strong desire for success or achievement

cancel; put an end to; destroy completely

feeling or showing a lack of interest or concern; indifferent

a chronological record of the events of successive years

being the first of its kind in a region; primitive; native

upward slope or grade; movement upward

state of having contradictory or conflicting emotional attitudes, such as love and hate

mixed;  experiencing or expressing opposing or contradictory feelings

beg pardon; tell someone that you are sorry for having done something

act of being present

repetition of a beginning sound in poetry

moving at an easy pace; walk slowly or leisurely

act of playing honor to a divine being; worship paid to God; the act of addressing as a god

act of accepting with approval

exhibiting friendliness or goodwill; not quarrelsome

leave quickly and secretly and hide oneself, often to avoid arrest or prosecution

able to walk; formed or adapted for walking; not stationary

theory of numerical calculations

not normal; unusual or irregular; not representative of a group, class, or type

sparing or moderation in eating and drinking; temperate

appeal to or entreat earnestly; command or enjoin solemnly, as under oath

make or become better; improve; grow better

attraction; charm; attract; fascinate; challenge

estimate value of; evaluate, especially in an official capacity

a person who adheres; one who follows or upholds a leader, party, cause

responsive to advise or suggestion; responsible to a higher authority; willing to comply with; agreeable

theory of numerical calculations

quality of being absurd or inconsistent with obvious truth, reason, or sound judgment; logical contradiction

excessive flattery or admiration; unmerited praise

change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors

entire horn, or any branch of the horn

assault; attack with or as if with violent blows

fearlessly, often recklessly daring; bold

a change or changes made to the words of a text; revision

manlike; resembling a human, especially in shape or outward appearance

expecting absolute obedience; completely dominating another's will

feeling or showing a lack of interest or concern; indifferent

weighting authority; peremptory and dictatorial

convenient features; courtesies

deprive of oxygen to the extent of producing death or severe symptoms; suffocate

pleasantness resulting from agreeable conditions

tree-dwelling; treelike; living in trees

abnormal;  markedly different from an accepted norm

anxiety; extreme emotional disturbance

nest of a bird, such as an eagle, built on a cliff or other high place

good-natured and likable; lovable; warmly friendly

appeal to or entreat earnestly; command or enjoin solemnly, as under oath

exhibiting friendliness or goodwill; not quarrelsome

displaying characteristics of previous cultural era or previous ancestral form

state of having contradictory or conflicting emotional attitudes, such as love and hate

the mechanism that imitates actions of humans

friendship; peaceful relations, as between nations

in or into a high place; high or higher up

suspended action; temporary cessation or suspension

unclear or doubtful in meaning

collection; heap; act or process of gathering into a mass

appeal; a characteristic that provides pleasure and attracts

active resistance; condition of being an opposing principle, force, or factor

moved by sexual love; loving

dictator; ruler having unlimited power

formless; lacking shape or definition

change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors

put into motion or action; activate

name; title; the act of naming; the act of appealing for aid, sympathy

easily approachable; warmly friendly

capable of using either hand with equal ease

able to live both on land and in water

convenient for use or disposal; not busy, free; obtainable; accessible

cause or condition of pain, suffering, or distress

capable of using either hand with equal ease

oval building with tiers of seats from central open space or arena

suggestion without proof that someone has done something wrong

addition of extra material or illustration or clarifying detail

accept; take on; raise; take into one's family

mixed;  experiencing or expressing opposing or contradictory feelings

deprive of oxygen to the extent of producing death or severe symptoms; suffocate

convenient for use or disposal; not busy, free; obtainable; accessible

quality of being absurd or inconsistent with obvious truth, reason, or sound judgment; logical contradiction

broaden or clarify by expanding; intensify; make larger or more powerful; increase

cut off part of the body, especially by surgery; prune

calculating; pertaining to insurance statistics

refrain; hold oneself back voluntarily from an action or practice

antiquated; extremely old and ancient; belonging to very ancient times

sickness;a slight but often persistent illness

humiliate; lower or depress in rank or esteem

having time error in the story; erroneous in date; in the wrong time

temptation; enticement; any real or apparent good held forth or operating, as a motive to action

change something slightly, especially to make it more correct, effective, or suitable

applaud; announce with great approval

gather into a mass, sum, or whole; amount to

serving to reduce sensibility to pain without loss of consciousness

the mechanism that imitates actions of humans

solemn curse; someone or something regarded as a curse

comparable; similar or alike

turned or twisted toward one side; at an angle

diagnose; study, or examine something in detail to discover more about it

a fleet of warships; a large group of moving things

be full of; be plentiful

deep gully; a dry gulch; brook or creek; watercourse

symbolic representation of abstract ideas or principles in narrative, dramatic, or pictorial form

detailed analysis;  the scientific study of the body and how its parts are arranged

a person who seeks to overturn established government; advocate of abolishing authority

arrangement; association; alliance

having time error in the story; erroneous in date; in the wrong time

solemn curse; someone or something regarded as a curse

having aversion or lack of concern for political affairs

bothersome; troublesome; irritating

detailed analysis;  the scientific study of the body and how its parts are arranged

comparable; similar or alike

text character used to mark the possessive or to show the omission of letters or numbers

science of sound; the quality that makes a room easy or hard to hear in

inherited or inheritable by established rules

inform; give notice to; make aware

quality of being absurd or inconsistent with obvious truth, reason, or sound judgment; logical contradiction

aid, usually in doing something wrong; encourage

give hint or indication of something; disclose partially or guardedly; overshadow; shade

family descent; series or line of ancestors; lineage

activity taken up in addition to one's regular work or profession, usually for enjoyment

be broadcast on television or radio

serving as aid or accessory; auxiliary

border upon; adjoin; touch or end at one end or side; lie adjacent

shortening something by omitting parts of it

repetition of a beginning sound in poetry

experiencing extreme discomfort or discontent; feeling, expressing, or caused by anguish

quality of being absurd or inconsistent with obvious truth, reason, or sound judgment; logical contradiction

estimate value of; evaluate, especially in an official capacity

opening; diameter of such an opening; hole

condense; shorten; reduce length of written text

expert at; very skilled; having or showing knowledge and skill and aptitude

sharp-cornered; consisting of an angle or angles; stiff in manner

being in debt; unpaid, overdue debt or an unfulfilled obligation

renounce upon oath; abandon forever

combine; unite in one body; mix or alloy metal with mercury

the feeling of enmity or ill will; an attitude that informs one's actions; disposition

inherited or inheritable by established rules

change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors

feeling or showing a lack of interest or concern; indifferent

a chronological record of the events of successive years

with a sideways or indirect look; Turned to side, especially of eyes

destroy completely; reduce to nonexistence

displaying or by strong enthusiasm or devotion; passionate

having time error in the story; erroneous in date; in the wrong time

append or attach; take possession of; incorporate into an existing political unit

with reference or regard; in respect

destroy completely; reduce to nonexistence

assimilate or incorporate; suck or drink up; occupy full attention

resemblance to remote ancestors rather than to parents; deformity returning after the passage of two or more generations

demanding great effort or labor; difficult

comment; make explanatory notes

cause someone to become dependent; indulge in; be devoted to

state of being ambiguous; doubtfulness or uncertainty

bothersome; troublesome; irritating

moving at an easy pace; walk slowly or leisurely

make greater, as in size, extent, or quantity

act of awaking from sleep; arousing from what is like sleep

having human form or characteristics

annual payment of allowance or income; periodical payment, amounting to a fixed sum in each year

collection; heap; act or process of gathering into a mass

opening; diameter of such an opening; hole

loss of speech due to injury or illness

contrast; direct contrast; opposition

greedy; eager for; marked by keen interest and enthusiasm

make or declare void or invalid; reduce to nothing

prototype; original model or type after which other similar things are patterned

enhance or decorate with or as if with ornaments

source of relaxation or comfort; medicine that relieves pain

awesome; astounding; surprising

free of artificiality; natural; open and honest

a fleet of warships; a large group of moving things

inform; give notice to; make aware

apply oil or similar substance to; put oil on during religious ceremony as a sign of sanctification or consecration.

deviating from normal or common order, form, or rule

be broadcast on television or radio

solemn curse; someone or something regarded as a curse

addition of extra material or illustration or clarifying detail

subtle but base deception; trickery; cleverness or skill; ingenuity

active resistance; condition of being an opposing principle, force, or factor

attendant; appearing or going with someone or something else

inform; give notice to; make aware

unclear or doubtful in meaning

assault; attack with or as if with violent blows

precede; go before in time, and sometimes in place, rank, or logical order

a place where bees and beehives are kept, especially where bees are raised for their honey

a scholar who is skilled in academic disputation

denying existence of God; godless

act of judging or assessing; amount determined as payable

preceding events or circumstances that influence what comes later; ancestors or early background

be earlier in time; go back further

estimate value of; evaluate, especially in an official capacity

one of the aristocracy or people of rank in a community; one of a ruling class; a noble

amazed; very surprised

assign; distribute according to plan

not normal; unusual or irregular; not representative of a group, class, or type

antiquated; extremely old and ancient; belonging to very ancient times

something you cannot stop taking once you have started

study of artifacts and relics of early humankind

attach; add as supplement or appendix

struck by shock, terror, or amazement

book of literary selections by various authors

regarding human beings as the center of the universe

elevation to godhood; fact or action of becoming a god; an ideal example of something

fruit of the oak, being an oval nut growing in a woody cup; a cone-shaped piece of wood

definition or concise statement of principle; tersely phrased statement of truth or opinion

manlike; resembling a human, especially in shape or outward appearance

with reference or regard; in respect

fasten; append; add on; secure to something

indirect reference; symbolical reference or comparison; metaphor

able to pay for

having human form or characteristics

repetition of a beginning sound in poetry

fit for growing crops, as by plowing

act of judging or assessing; amount determined as payable

any substance that can destroy or inhibit the growth of bacteria and similar microorganisms

clay; brick; sun-dried brick; structure built with this type of brick

act of contracting or assuming or acquiring possession of something

annual payment of allowance or income; periodical payment, amounting to a fixed sum in each year

act in advance of; deal with ahead of time; predict

activity taken up in addition to one's regular work or profession, usually for enjoyment

aspiring; having a strong desire for success or achievement

collection; heap; act or process of gathering into a mass

displaying characteristics of previous cultural era or previous ancestral form

serving to reduce sensibility to pain without loss of consciousness

the letdown in thought or emotion; decline viewed in disappointing contrast with the previous rise

change something slightly, especially to make it more correct, effective, or suitable

strong feeling of aversion; dislike

sharp-cornered; consisting of an angle or angles; stiff in manner

comparable; similar or alike

strong feeling of aversion; dislike

being in debt; unpaid, overdue debt or an unfulfilled obligation

any furniture old and valuable; out of fashion

the term during which one learns a trade from a skilled worker; service or legal condition of an apprentice

detailed analysis;  the scientific study of the body and how its parts are arranged

prototype; original model or type after which other similar things are patterned

be broadcast on television or radio

contrast; direct contrast; opposition

entire horn, or any branch of the horn

offering or expressing an apology or excuse; serving as or containing a formal justification or defense

positive assertion; confirmation; solemn pledge by one who refuses to take an oath

make greater, as in size, extent, or quantity

a heavy block of iron or steel with a smooth, flat top on which metals are shaped by hammering

hand tool for boring holes; hollow drill used to take core samples of soil, ice

large enough to be noticed or to affect; perceptible

manually skilled worker; craftsman, as opposed to an artist

feeling or showing a lack of interest or concern; indifferent

positive assertion; confirmation; solemn pledge by one who refuses to take an oath

nook; small, recessed section of a room

embellishment; decoration; something that beautifies or adorns; ornament

analyze; evaluate; examine by trial or experiment; put to the test

incorporate and absorb into mind; make similar; cause to resemble

a tiny piece of anything; the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element

lack of interest, or the attitude of not caring resulting from it; the indifference

quality of being absurd or inconsistent with obvious truth, reason, or sound judgment; logical contradiction

theory of numerical calculations

not identical on both sides of a dividing central line

alcoholic beverage taken before a meal as an appetizer

apply oil or similar substance to; put oil on during religious ceremony as a sign of sanctification or consecration.

opening; diameter of such an opening; hole

act of playing honor to a divine being; worship paid to God; the act of addressing as a god

formless; lacking shape or definition

act in advance of; deal with ahead of time; predict

express agreement to what is alleged or proposed; accept

fasten; append; add on; secure to something

highest point; vertex; summit; climax

greediness for wealth; the insatiable desire to gain

loss of speech due to injury or illness

make slender, fine, or small; weaken; lessen the density of

several things grouped together or considered as a whole

a fleet of warships; a large group of moving things

act of accompanying someone or something

dictator; ruler having unlimited power

definition or concise statement of principle; tersely phrased statement of truth or opinion

a place where bees and beehives are kept, especially where bees are raised for their honey

state something as true; assert; confirm

strong feeling of aversion; dislike

a heavy block of iron or steel with a smooth, flat top on which metals are shaped by hammering

comment; make explanatory notes

poise; self-confident assurance

constant in application or attention; diligent; unceasing or persistent

appealing; pleasing; inviting; tempting

aspiring; having a strong desire for success or achievement

ambition; something that you hope to achieve

untrue; of questionable authorship or authenticity; erroneous; fictitious

act of contracting or assuming or acquiring possession of something

diagnose; study, or examine something in detail to discover more about it

attraction; charm; attract; fascinate; challenge

weighting authority; peremptory and dictatorial

the highest point; point in an orbit most distant from the body being orbited

abundance; a plentiful supply of material goods; wealth

act in advance of; deal with ahead of time; predict

upward slope or grade; movement upward

having aversion or lack of concern for political affairs

sickness;a slight but often persistent illness

emphasize; stress; pronounce with stress or accent; mark with an accent

capable of knowing; conscious; relating to the faculty of apprehension; sensible or perceptive

offering or expressing an apology or excuse; serving as or containing a formal justification or defense

a person who argues in defense or justification of something, such as doctrine, policy, or institution

science of sound; the quality that makes a room easy or hard to hear in

experiencing extreme discomfort or discontent; feeling, expressing, or caused by anguish

the attribute of being easy to meet or deal with

beg pardon; tell someone that you are sorry for having done something

nest of a bird, such as an eagle, built on a cliff or other high place

art of training by athletic exercises; games and sports of athletes

leave quickly and secretly and hide oneself, often to avoid arrest or prosecution

burning; radiant; bright; keenly excited; resembling flame in brilliance or color

one who abandons his religious faith or political beliefs

repetition of a beginning sound in poetry

elevation to godhood; fact or action of becoming a god; an ideal example of something

increase, accumulate, or come about as a result of growth; accumulate over time

activity taken up in addition to one's regular work or profession, usually for enjoyment

text character used to mark the possessive or to show the omission of letters or numbers

a chronological record of the events of successive years

elevation to godhood; fact or action of becoming a god; an ideal example of something

abnormal;  markedly different from an accepted norm

highest point; vertex; summit; climax

group of closely located islands

depress or discourage with fear; grow faint or become weak

essential quality; reputation; honor

comment; make explanatory notes

pin or spindle on which a wheel revolves, or which revolves with a wheel; transverse bar connecting the opposite wheels

opening; diameter of such an opening; hole

ghostly figure; sudden or unusual sight; appearance; state of being visible

acquire; take possession of for one's own use; set apart for specific use

arrangement; association; alliance

attraction; charm; attract; fascinate; challenge

associate; cause a group to become part of or form a close relationship with another

assimilate or incorporate; suck or drink up; occupy full attention

suspended action; temporary cessation or suspension

attractive or interesting; charming

art of training by athletic exercises; games and sports of athletes

lack of interest, or the attitude of not caring resulting from it; the indifference

resemblance to remote ancestors rather than to parents; deformity returning after the passage of two or more generations

humiliate; lower or depress in rank or esteem

name; title; the act of naming; the act of appealing for aid, sympathy

assessment; evaluation; the classification of someone or something with respect to its worth

manually skilled worker; craftsman, as opposed to an artist

attach; add as supplement or appendix

cancel; put an end to; destroy completely

ambition; something that you hope to achieve

calculating; pertaining to insurance statistics

contrast; direct contrast; opposition

exhibiting friendliness or goodwill; not quarrelsome

something appended to or accompanying, a principal or greater thing, though not necessary to it

essential quality; reputation; honor

a chronological record of the events of successive years

area of theater or concert hall where the audience sits

estimate value of; evaluate, especially in an official capacity

instinctive physical desire, especially one for food or drink

something appended to or accompanying, a principal or greater thing, though not necessary to it

acclaim; express approval, especially by clapping the hands

manlike; resembling a human, especially in shape or outward appearance

free of artificiality; natural; open and honest

not normal; unusual or irregular; not representative of a group, class, or type

capable of being applied; fit or suitable to be applied; having relevance

indirect reference; symbolical reference or comparison; metaphor

accidental; casual; not inherent but added extrinsically

opening; diameter of such an opening; hole

depress or discourage with fear; grow faint or become weak

give up or surrender; deny something to oneself

candidate; a person who formally requests something, especially a job

close attention; work of applying something; verbal or written request for assistance

the sharpness of temper; roughness or harshness, as of surface, sound, or climate

declare to be true; affirm

in the manner of an uncle, about uncle; kind, genial, benevolent, or tolerant

nook; small, recessed section of a room

designate; nominate; choose someone officially for a job or responsibility

no longer current or applicable; antiquated

indirect reference; symbolical reference or comparison; metaphor

composition; a plan for how something will happen

strikingly appropriate and relevant; well-suited

clothes, especially of a particular or formal type; dress

serving to reduce sensibility to pain without loss of consciousness

assessment; evaluation; the classification of someone or something with respect to its worth

active resistance; condition of being an opposing principle, force, or factor

renounce upon oath; abandon forever

act of contracting or assuming or acquiring possession of something

aspiring; having a strong desire for success or achievement

estimate value of; evaluate, especially in an official capacity

officially charge someone in a court of law

applaud; announce with great approval

awesome; astounding; surprising

science of sound; the quality that makes a room easy or hard to hear in

self-evident truth requiring no proof

large enough to be noticed or to affect; perceptible

leading a life of self-discipline and self-denial; austere

preventing infection; having cleansing effect

pile up; collect;  mount up; increase

be thankful for; increase in worth; be thoroughly conscious of

muddle; drive crazy; become confused

fearful or uneasy anticipation of the future; the act of seizing or capturing; understanding

aspiring; having a strong desire for success or achievement

condense; shorten; reduce length of written text

give hint or indication of something; disclose partially or guardedly; overshadow; shade

inscribe or dedicate; attribute to a specified cause, source, or origin; assign as a quality

attended by favorable circumstances; marked by success; prosperous

capable of knowing; conscious; relating to the faculty of apprehension; sensible or perceptive

the term during which one learns a trade from a skilled worker; service or legal condition of an apprentice

state of having contradictory or conflicting emotional attitudes, such as love and hate

displaying or by strong enthusiasm or devotion; passionate

declare or state with confidence; put oneself forward boldly

adjoining; neighboring; close to; lying near

inform; give notice to; make aware

feeling or showing a lack of interest or concern; indifferent

analyze; evaluate; examine by trial or experiment; put to the test

change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors

append or attach; take possession of; incorporate into an existing political unit

a way of considering or doing something

cause someone to become dependent; indulge in; be devoted to

hereditary nobility; privileged class

hand tool for boring holes; hollow drill used to take core samples of soil, ice

obscure; profound; difficult to understand

expression of warm approval; praise

regarding human beings as the center of the universe