4000 Eiken Vocabulary List

n. lacking restraint or control; feeling of extreme emotional intensity; unbounded enthusiasm

v. make shorter; reduce to shorter form intended to represent full form, as for word or phrase

n. shortening something by omitting parts of it

a. unusual; not typical; not normal

ad. on a ship, train, plane, or other vehicles; in or into a group, organization, or business

v. stop; terminate before completion; terminate a pregnancy

n. termination of pregnancy; failure of a plan

a. rubbing away; tending to grind down

n. state of being absent; state of being away

a. go away or leave; missing; not present

n. one who is absent or not in residence

a. perfect in quality or nature; complete; totally unlimited; certain

ad. utterly; not viewed in relation to other things or factors  

v. assimilate or incorporate; suck or drink up; occupy full attention

n. process of absorbing nutrients into the body after digestion; state of mental concentration

a. theoretical; not concrete; not applied or practical; difficult to understand

a. preposterous; ridiculously incongruous or unreasonable; foolish

a. plentiful; possessing riches or resources

n. improper use or handling; misuse

a. related to school; not practical or directly useful; relating to the scholarly organization; based on formal education

n. school for special instruction; society of scholars, scientists, or artists

v. move faster; cause to develop or progress more quickly; occur sooner than expected

n. a faster rate of improvement; the rate of change of velocity to time

n. approach; entry; entrance

a. easily approached or entered; obtainable; easy to talk to or get along with

n. an event that takes place without one's foresight or expectation; sudden, and unexpected event

a. unexpected; happening by chance, unintentionally  

ad. inadvertently; by chance; casually; fortuitously; not essentially or intrinsically

n. act of accompanying someone or something

v. travel with; be associated with

v. succeed in doing; bring to pass; achieve; reach the end of; complete

a. skilled; experienced; having many social graces; polished or refined

n. achievement; fulfillment; something that is successful

n. narrative or record of events; the reason given for a particular action or event

n. one who maintains and audits business accounts

n. a system that provides quantitative information about finances

v. pile up; collect;  mount up; increase

n. increase by natural growth or addition; concentration

n. quality of nearness to the truth or the true value

a. capable of providing a correct reading or measurement; performing with care and precision

n. indictment; charge of wrongdoing that is made against a person or other party

v. blame; say that someone has done something morally wrong, illegal, or unkind

n. defendant or defendants in a criminal case; a person charged with an offense

n. sour; water-soluble compounds having a sour taste; quality of being sarcastic, bitter, or scornful

a. tasting sour like acid; being or containing an acid

n. pH values below 7; taste experience when something acidic is taken into the mouth

v. declare to be true or admit; express obligation, thanks

n. personal knowledge or information about someone or something

v. make active or more active; stimulate; make radioactive

ad. energetically; vigorously; voluntarily, not passively

a. true; real; being, existing, or acting at the present moment; current

v. put into motion or action; activate

n. mental keenness; quickness of perception

n. treatment of pain or disease by inserting the tips of needles at specific points on the skin

a. quickly perceptive; keen; having a sharp point or tip; extremely sharp or severe

v. make fit for; change to suit a new purpose

n. modification; alteration or adjustment in structure or habits

a. further; extra; supplemental or added to

v. make a formal speech to; deal with or discuss; direct efforts or attention of

a. sufficient; enough to meet a purpose

v. stick fast; stick to firmly; be compatible or in accordance with

n. glue; paste; the substance that unites or bonds surfaces together

a. sticky; glutinous; tending to persist

a. neighboring; being in contact at some point or line; joining to

n. something added on or attached generally nonessential or inferior

v. change something slightly, especially to make it more correct, effective, or suitable

n. making or becoming suitable; adjusting to circumstances

v. govern; supervise; give or apply medications

n. management; supervision; people who are in charge of management; the activity of government for powers and duties

n. one who manages a government agency or department

n. favorable judgment; feeling of pleasure, wonder, and approval

v. regard with wonder or astonishment; view with surprise; marvel at

n. act or practice of admitting; power or permission to enter

v. permit to enter; receive; provide the right or a means of entrance to

ad. doubtlessly; in an acknowledged manner; confessedly

n. a juvenile between the onset of puberty and maturity;

v. accept; take on; raise; take into one's family

n. act of accepting with approval

v. worship with profound reverence; pay divine honors to; regard with the utmost esteem and affection

v. enhance or decorate with or as if with ornaments

n. embellishment; decoration; something that beautifies or adorns; ornament

n. one who has attained maturity or legal age; fully grown

v. proceed; move forward; improve; moving forward

a. improved; highly developed or complex; ahead of the times; progressive

n. progress; promotion;  forward step; improvement

n. something happens without design; chance; hazard; risk; danger

n. one who enjoys exciting, dangerous activities, often in foreign countries

a. valiant; venturesome; inclined or willing to incur hazard or engage in adventures

n. the opponent in a contest; someone who offers opposition

ad. negatively; in an adverse manner; oppositely; inimically; offensively; unfortunately

n. state of misfortune, hardship, or affliction; misfortune

v. speak, plead, or argue in favor of; plead for; push for something

n. one that argues for a cause; supporter or defender

n. study of how objects move through the air or water

v. have an emotional or cognitive impact upon

a. speaking or behaving in an artificial way; emotionally stirred or moved; infected or attacked

n. fondness; tender feeling toward another; fondness

a. having affection or warm regard; loving; fond; kindly inclined; zealous

a. sentimental; emotional; emotionally charged

n. natural attraction, liking, or feeling of kinship; relationship by marriage

a. confirmative; ratifying; giving assent or approval; confirming

v. cause pain, suffering, or distress

v. pay; provide; have the financial means for; bear the cost of

a. able to pay for

n. a business that serves other businesses; an administrative unit of government

n. items of business at a meeting; list or program of things to be done or considered

v. worsen; make worse or more troublesome

n. several things grouped together or considered as a whole

a. making assaults; unjustly attacking; combative; hostile; tending to spread quickly

a. moving quickly and lightly; mentally quick

n. mentally quick; moving quickly and lightly

a. ready to consent or submit; acceptable

n. state of agreeing; harmony of opinion, statement, action, or character

n. the practice of cultivating the land or raising stock

n. person or thing that promotes or helps in something done; helper; assistant

n. sickness;a slight but often persistent illness 

n. point or direct towards an object or spot with the intent of hitting it

v. be broadcast on television or radio

n. a vehicle that can fly, such as an airplane, helicopter, balloon

n. motion sickness experienced while traveling by air

n. passageway between rows of seats, as in an auditorium or an airplane; the wing of a building

a. half-open; slightly turned or opened

a. of the same kin; related by blood

n. any sound or information intended to give notice of approaching danger

n. a list of names; a register for visitors; a blank book to insert autographs sketches, memorial writing, photographs

n. medieval chemistry; magical or mysterious power or process of transforming

n. north temperate shrubs or trees having toothed leaves and cone-like fruit

n. the warning serves; alarm; condition of heightened watchfulness or preparation for action

a. dissimilar, inconsistent, or opposed in nature; very different place, society, or person

n. arrangement; association; alliance

a. similar; in the same manner or to the same degree

n. suggestion without proof that someone has done something wrong

n. state of being allied; the act of allying or uniting; a union of interests between families, states, parties

n. repetition of a beginning sound in poetry

n. mixture; a combination of diverse things

v. refer casually or indirectly, or by suggestion

n. confederate; partner; collaborator

a. solitary; by oneself, not with any other people  

v. modify; cause to change; make different; convert

n. a passage from one form or state to another; change

v. occur successively; pass back and forth from one state, action, or place to another

n. successive change from one thing or state to another and back again

n. one of two or more things, ideas, or courses of action that may be used; option or choice

n. silvery ductile metallic element

n. one who engages in an art, science, study, or athletic activity as a pastime rather than as a profession

v. astonish; affect with wonder

n. wonder; state of extreme surprise or wonder; astonishment

n. authorized messenger or representative

n. particular environment or surrounding influence; an atmosphere of the environment

n. aspiration; a strong wish to achieve something

n. state of having contradictory or conflicting emotional attitudes, such as love and hate

a. mixed;  experiencing or expressing opposing or contradictory feelings

n. moving at an easy pace; walk slowly or leisurely

n. field hospital organized as to follow an army in its movements; a wagon for conveying the wounded to hospital

a. responsive to advise or suggestion; responsible to a higher authority; willing to comply with; agreeable

n. a change or changes made to the words of a text; revision

n. pleasantness resulting from agreeable conditions

a. good-natured and likable; lovable; warmly friendly

a. exhibiting friendliness or goodwill; not quarrelsome

n. partial or total loss of memory, usually resulting from shock or illness

n. total of two or more quantities; aggregate; sum

a. more than enough in size or scope or capacity; relatively large

n. addition of extra material or illustration or clarifying detail

n. the similarity in some respects; comparison based on similarity

n. study; investigation; the process of breaking down a substance into its constituent parts

v. diagnose; study, or examine something in detail to discover more about it

n. a person who seeks to overturn established government; advocate of abolishing authority

n. a short account of the amusing or interesting event; short narrative; a secret story of history or biography

n. a substance that causes loss of sensation; producing temporary loss or impairment of feeling

a. sharp-cornered; consisting of an angle or angles; stiff in manner

n. act of animating or giving life or spirit; state of being animate or alive

n. the joint which connects the foot with the leg; tarsus

v. append or attach; take possession of; incorporate into an existing political unit

a. annual; yearly; annual return of the day on which any notable event took place

v. herald; give out; proclaim; make known publicly

n. formal public statement; an act of making known publicly

n. one who proclaims a message publicly

a. occurring or payable every year

ad. yearly; each year; returning every year; year by year

a. having no name; having an unknown or unacknowledged name

n. one who contends with another, especially in combat; an adversary; opponent

n. song of praise or patriotism; the song of devotion or loyalty

n. social science that studies origins and social relationships of human beings

n. something expected; pleasurable expectation; wishing with confidence

v. make obsolete or old-fashioned

a. too old to be fashionable, suitable, or useful; obsolete; aged

n. any furniture old and valuable; out of fashion

a. old; belonging to, made in, or typical of an earlier period

n. ancient times, especially the times preceding the Middle Ages; extreme oldness

n. a substance that prevents infection; a substance that restricts the growth of disease-causing microorganisms

n. concern something  in a state of painful uneasiness;  state of restlessness and agitation

a. eager; keen; worried; uneasy, and apprehensive about an uncertain event or matter

ad. in any way or manner whatever; at any rate; in any event

ad. separately, regarding space or company; in a state of separation as to place; aside

v. beg pardon; tell someone that you are sorry for having done something

n. acknowledgment expressing regret or asking pardon for a fault or offense; explanation or excuse

n. attraction; charm; attract; fascinate; challenge

a. attractive or interesting; charming

n. instinctive physical desire, especially one for food or drink

n. close attention; work of applying something; verbal or written request for assistance

v. exert; put into service; avail oneself to;

v. designate; nominate; choose someone officially for a job or responsibility

n. act of putting a person into a non-elective position; arrangement

v. be thankful for; increase in worth; be thoroughly conscious of

n. recognition; taste; judgment or opinion, especially a favorable one

n. works for an expert to learn a trade; beginner; learner

n. a way of considering or doing something

v. acquire; take possession of for one's own use; set apart for specific use

n. official approbation; endorsement; an act of approving

v. ratify; consider right or good; think or speak favorably of

ad. very similarly; roughly

a. likely; precisely suitable; appropriate; quick to learn or understand

a. of bluish-green color; of pale blue to light greenish-blue

n. tank or pool or bowl filled with water for keeping live fish and underwater animals

a. randomly chosen; determined by chance or impulse, and not by reason or principle

a. tree-dwelling; treelike; living in trees

a. related to or dealing with or devoted to archaeology

n. study of artifacts and relics of early humankind

n. one who designs and supervises the construction of buildings or other large structures

a. of or about the art and science of architecture

n. art and science of designing and erecting buildings; buildings and other large structures

n. a plane surface, as of the floor of a room; open space in a building; the enclosed space; extent; scope; range

n. a playing field where sports events take place; a large structure for open-air sports or entertainments

v. invent and offer reasons to support or overthrow a proposition, opinion, or measure; debate

n. operatic solo; a solo vocal piece with instrumental accompaniment

n. theory of numerical calculations

n. shield; defensive covering, as of metal, wood, or leather, worn to protect the body against weapons

a. protected by armor; provided with a protective covering

n. weapons considered collectively; official symbols of a family

v. put in proper order; dispose in the manner intended, or best suited for the purpose

n. composition; a plan for how something will happen

v. set out for display or use; place in orderly arrangement

n. overbearing pride; haughtiness; manifest feeling of personal superiority in rank, power, or estimation

a. arising from feeling or assumption of one's superiority toward others

n. storage place for military equipment; a stock of weapons

n. one of the vessels or tubes which carry either venous or arterial blood from the heart; major transit corridor

n. essay; editorial; individual thing or element of a class

v. speak clearly and distinctly; utter a speech sound; be jointed; make clear or effective

a. made by humans; produced rather than natural.

n. manually skilled worker; craftsman, as opposed to an artist

n. upward slope or grade; movement upward

a. affected by shame; abashed or confused by guilt

ad. on, or to, one side; out of a straight line, course, or direction; at a little distance from the rest

n. white crystalline compound drug to relieve pain and reduce fever and inflammation

n. a violent attack; an onslaught

v. put together; bring or call together into a group or whole

n. gathering; meeting; a group of persons gathered together for a common reason

n. act of judging or assessing; amount determined as payable

n. properties; advantage; useful or valuable quality

n. a task that was given to students; job; distribution; appointment

v. give help or support to, especially as a subordinate

n. help, especially money or resources that are given to people  

n. helper; a person who assists or helps someone else

v. connect or join together; combine

n. connection, whether of persons or things; a union of persons in a company or society for some particular purpose

a. varied;  consisting of various types mixed together  

n. variety; collection containing a variety of sorts of things

v. suppose; presume; take on; bear

n. something taken for accepted as true without proof; taking over or taking possession of

v. tell someone confidently that something is true; guarantee; convince

v. surprise someone very much; shock

a. very wonderful; of a nature to excite astonishment; surprising greatly

a. away from the correct path or direction, either in a literal or in a figurative sense; wandering

n. a physicist who studies astronomy

a. enormously large or extensive; relating to astronomy

a. wise or keen; shrewd; with sharp intelligence

a. unbalanced; uneven;  having parts on either side or half that do not match  

n. nonbeliever; one who denies the existence of god

n. a sportsman; one who contended for a prize in public games

n. air; a mixture of gases that surrounds any planet

n. a tiny piece of anything; the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element

a. of or relating to or comprising atoms; immeasurably small

n. act of reducing to atoms, or very minute particles

n. wasting away; decrease in size; reduction in the functionality of an organ caused by disease

n. a bond, as of affection or loyalty; fond regard; supplementary part; accessory

n. offensive move; expression of strong criticism; hostile comment

n. the action of trying at something

v. be present at; go to; take care of; tend

n. act or state of attending or heeding; application of the mind to any object of sense, representation, or thought

a. alert and watchful; considerate; thoughtful

n. story or room directly below the roof of a building, especially a house;

n. posture, action, or disposition of a figure or a statue

n. lawyer; one who is appointed by another to act in his place or stead; proxy

v. draw to, or cause to tend to; engage or fix, as the mind, attention; invite or allure

n. appeal; a characteristic that provides pleasure and attracts

a. appealing; pleasing; inviting; tempting

v. relate to particular cause or source; ascribe; explain

n. public sale of property to the highest bidder

a. perceptible; heard or perceptible by the ear

n. a group of people within hearing; crowd seeing a stage performance

v. take part in a trial performance; evaluate in a trial performance

v. make greater, as in size, extent, or quantity

a. impressive; majestic; inspiring awe or admiration

n. a natural appearance of coloured light in the sky, that is usually seen nearest the Arctic or Antarctic

a. not counterfeit or copied; valid; trustworthy

v. prove genuine; establish authenticity of

n. jurisdiction; power to enforce laws, exact obedience, command, determine, or judge; government

a. of or relating to a person's life or an account of a person's life

n. biography or story written by yourself

a. mechanical; automatic; accomplished without the intervention of a human operator

a. mechanized; operating with minimal human intervention; independent of external control

a. of or relating to motor vehicles; moving by itself; self-propelling

a. self-governing; not controlled by others or by outside forces; independent

a. convenient for use or disposal; not busy, free; obtainable; accessible

n. radically new or original; cutting edge

v. take vengeance for something, or on behalf of someone

n. way or opening for entrance or exit place; passage by which a place may be reached; broad street

a. typical; mean; achieve or reach on average

a. reluctant; disinclined; turned away or backward; unwilling

v. prevent; turn or cause to turn off or away

n. someone who operates an aircraft

n. person's regular business or occupation; hobby or recreational or leisure pursuit

v. shield away from; prevent

a. knowing; having knowledge or cognizance

n. realization; consciousness; having knowledge of

a. causing fear, dread, or terror; extremely bad or unpleasant; terrible

a. difficult to handle or manage

ad. in an uncomfortable, nervous, or embarrassed way

n. the center around which something rotates; pivot