4000 FCE Vocabulary List

n. lacking restraint or control; feeling of extreme emotional intensity; unbounded enthusiasm

v. make shorter; reduce to shorter form intended to represent full form, as for word or phrase

v. endure; put up with; bear; tolerate

a. unusual; not typical; not normal

ad. on a ship, train, plane, or other vehicles; in or into a group, organization, or business

n. ending; act of abolishing; act of doing away with

a. broken off; very steep; having sudden transitions from one subject to another

n. state of being absent; state of being away

a. go away or leave; missing; not present

n. one who is absent or not in residence

n. habitual not to appear, especially for work or other regular duty

a. perfect in quality or nature; complete; totally unlimited; certain

ad. utterly; not viewed in relation to other things or factors  

v. assimilate or incorporate; suck or drink up; occupy full attention

n. process of absorbing nutrients into the body after digestion; state of mental concentration

a. theoretical; not concrete; not applied or practical; difficult to understand

a. preposterous; ridiculously incongruous or unreasonable; foolish

n. quality of being absurd or inconsistent with obvious truth, reason, or sound judgment; logical contradiction

a. plentiful; possessing riches or resources

ad. in great numbers; in a plentiful or sufficient degree; plentifully

n. improper use or handling; misuse

a. related to school; not practical or directly useful; relating to the scholarly organization; based on formal education

v. move faster; cause to develop or progress more quickly; occur sooner than expected

n. a faster rate of improvement; the rate of change of velocity to time

a. easily approached or entered; obtainable; easy to talk to or get along with

n. additional object; useful but not essential thing; subordinate or supplementary item

n. an event that takes place without one's foresight or expectation; sudden, and unexpected event

a. unexpected; happening by chance, unintentionally  

ad. inadvertently; by chance; casually; fortuitously; not essentially or intrinsically

v. do a favor or service for; provide for; supply with; make suitable; adapt; allow for

n. act of accompanying someone or something

v. travel with; be associated with

v. succeed in doing; bring to pass; achieve; reach the end of; complete

n. achievement; fulfillment; something that is successful

n. narrative or record of events; the reason given for a particular action or event

a. liable to being called to account; answerable; responsible; something that can be explained

n. one who maintains and audits business accounts

n. a system that provides quantitative information about finances

v. pile up; collect;  mount up; increase

n. increase by natural growth or addition; concentration

n. quality of nearness to the truth or the true value

n. indictment; charge of wrongdoing that is made against a person or other party

a. habitual to; used to; frequently practiced, used, or experienced; customary

v. gain with effort; accomplish; fulfill

n. pH values below 7; taste experience when something acidic is taken into the mouth

v. inform about; cause to come to know personally; make familiar

n. personal knowledge or information about someone or something

v. gain through experience or effort; gain possession of; locate with a tracking system

n. act of contracting or assuming or acquiring possession of something

v. make active or more active; stimulate; make radioactive

ad. energetically; vigorously; voluntarily, not passively

v. put into motion or action; activate

n. mental keenness; quickness of perception

a. quickly perceptive; keen; having a sharp point or tip; extremely sharp or severe

v. make fit for; change to suit a new purpose

a. flexible; becoming or being made suitable to a particular situation or use

n. modification; alteration or adjustment in structure or habits

a. having a capacity for adaptation; capable of adapting

v. cause someone to become dependent; indulge in; be devoted to

a. further; extra; supplemental or added to

a. expert at; very skilled; having or showing knowledge and skill and aptitude

a. sufficient; enough to meet a purpose

n. glue; paste; the substance that unites or bonds surfaces together

a. neighboring; being in contact at some point or line; joining to

n. making or becoming suitable; adjusting to circumstances

v. govern; supervise; give or apply medications

n. management; supervision; people who are in charge of management; the activity of government for powers and duties

n. one who manages a government agency or department

n. favorable judgment; feeling of pleasure, wonder, and approval

v. regard with wonder or astonishment; view with surprise; marvel at

n. act or practice of admitting; power or permission to enter

v. permit to enter; receive; provide the right or a means of entrance to

ad. doubtlessly; in an acknowledged manner; confessedly

n. a juvenile between the onset of puberty and maturity;

n. act of accepting with approval

v. enhance or decorate with or as if with ornaments

n. embellishment; decoration; something that beautifies or adorns; ornament

v. proceed; move forward; improve; moving forward

a. improved; highly developed or complex; ahead of the times; progressive

n. progress; promotion;  forward step; improvement

n. something happens without design; chance; hazard; risk; danger

n. one who enjoys exciting, dangerous activities, often in foreign countries

a. valiant; venturesome; inclined or willing to incur hazard or engage in adventures

n. the opponent in a contest; someone who offers opposition

a. in opposing direction; harmful or unfavorable; acting or serving to oppose

ad. negatively; in an adverse manner; oppositely; inimically; offensively; unfortunately

n. state of misfortune, hardship, or affliction; misfortune

v. give notice to; inform or apprise; make known; give public notice of

v. speak, plead, or argue in favor of; plead for; push for something

n. one that argues for a cause; supporter or defender

a. elegant or tasteful; of or concerning the appreciation of beauty or good taste

v. have an emotional or cognitive impact upon

n. fondness; tender feeling toward another; fondness

a. having affection or warm regard; loving; fond; kindly inclined; zealous

n. natural attraction, liking, or feeling of kinship; relationship by marriage

a. confirmative; ratifying; giving assent or approval; confirming

v. cause pain, suffering, or distress

a. having an abundant supply of money or possessions of value

v. pay; provide; have the financial means for; bear the cost of

a. able to pay for

n. items of business at a meeting; list or program of things to be done or considered

v. worsen; make worse or more troublesome

a. irritating; annoying; making worse or more heinous

v. gather into a mass, sum, or whole; amount to

n. several things grouped together or considered as a whole

a. making assaults; unjustly attacking; combative; hostile; tending to spread quickly

a. moving quickly and lightly; mentally quick

n. mentally quick; moving quickly and lightly

v. cause to move with violence or sudden force; upset; disturb

n. the extreme pain of mind or body; anguish; last struggle of life; death struggle

a. ready to consent or submit; acceptable

n. the practice of cultivating the land or raising stock

n. sickness;a slight but often persistent illness 

n. point or direct towards an object or spot with the intent of hitting it

n. a vehicle that can fly, such as an airplane, helicopter, balloon

n. motion sickness experienced while traveling by air

a. half-open; slightly turned or opened

a. of the same kin; related by blood

n. medieval chemistry; magical or mysterious power or process of transforming

n. north temperate shrubs or trees having toothed leaves and cone-like fruit

n. the warning serves; alarm; condition of heightened watchfulness or preparation for action

a. dissimilar, inconsistent, or opposed in nature; very different place, society, or person

v. cause to become unfriendly or hostile; transfer property or ownership; isolate or dissociate emotionally

n. arrangement; association; alliance

a. similar; in the same manner or to the same degree

n. loyalty to a nation, sovereign, or cause; fidelity to any person or thing; devotion

n. symbolic representation of abstract ideas or principles in narrative, dramatic, or pictorial form

n. approval; the act of allowing, granting, or admitting

n. mixture; a combination of diverse things

v. refer casually or indirectly, or by suggestion

ad. in or into a high place; high or higher up

ad. along or by the side; side by side with

v. modify; cause to change; make different; convert

a. happening or following in turns; succeeding each other continuously; substitute

v. occur successively; pass back and forth from one state, action, or place to another

n. successive change from one thing or state to another and back again

n. one of two or more things, ideas, or courses of action that may be used; option or choice

n. elevation especially above sea level; height

n. silvery ductile metallic element

n. one who engages in an art, science, study, or athletic activity as a pastime rather than as a profession

n. wonder; state of extreme surprise or wonder; astonishment

n. particular environment or surrounding influence; an atmosphere of the environment

n. aspiration; a strong wish to achieve something

a. aspiring; having a strong desire for success or achievement

a. mixed;  experiencing or expressing opposing or contradictory feelings

n. moving at an easy pace; walk slowly or leisurely

n. a change or changes made to the words of a text; revision

n. compensation for a loss or injury; recompense

n. pleasantness resulting from agreeable conditions

a. good-natured and likable; lovable; warmly friendly

a. exhibiting friendliness or goodwill; not quarrelsome

ad. in the middle of; among; surrounded by

n. military stores or provisions; articles used in weapons, as powder, balls, shot, shells

n. partial or total loss of memory, usually resulting from shock or illness

n. total of two or more quantities; aggregate; sum

a. more than enough in size or scope or capacity; relatively large

n. addition of extra material or illustration or clarifying detail

v. occupy in an agreeable, pleasing, or entertaining fashion; cause laughter or be funny; delude or deceive

n. the similarity in some respects; comparison based on similarity

n. study; investigation; the process of breaking down a substance into its constituent parts

v. diagnose; study, or examine something in detail to discover more about it

n. a person who seeks to overturn established government; advocate of abolishing authority

n. forefather; forebear; forerunner or predecessor

n. family descent; series or line of ancestors; lineage

v. secure or fasten firmly; be fixed in place; narrate or coordinate

a. having the character of an anecdote; of a short story of any interesting or humorous incidents

a. sharp-cornered; consisting of an angle or angles; stiff in manner

a. having life or vigor or spirit; filled with activity; in the form of cartoon

n. act of animating or giving life or spirit; state of being animate or alive

n. the joint which connects the foot with the leg; tarsus

v. append or attach; take possession of; incorporate into an existing political unit

v. herald; give out; proclaim; make known publicly

n. formal public statement; an act of making known publicly

n. one who proclaims a message publicly

v. disturb, especially by minor irritations; irritate

a. occurring or payable every year

ad. yearly; each year; returning every year; year by year

n. irregularity; a person or something unusual; departure from the normal or common order

a. having no name; having an unknown or unacknowledged name

n. one who contends with another, especially in combat; an adversary; opponent

n. song of praise or patriotism; the song of devotion or loyalty

n. social science that studies origins and social relationships of human beings

v. act in advance of; deal with ahead of time; predict

n. something expected; pleasurable expectation; wishing with confidence

v. make obsolete or old-fashioned

a. old; belonging to, made in, or typical of an earlier period

a. eager; keen; worried; uneasy, and apprehensive about an uncertain event or matter

v. beg pardon; tell someone that you are sorry for having done something

n. acknowledgment expressing regret or asking pardon for a fault or offense; explanation or excuse

a. capable of being seen, or easily seen; open to view; visible to the eye

a. attractive or interesting; charming

n. something appended or added

v. acclaim; express approval, especially by clapping the hands

n. durable goods for home or office use; device or instrument for household use

n. close attention; work of applying something; verbal or written request for assistance

v. exert; put into service; avail oneself to;

v. designate; nominate; choose someone officially for a job or responsibility

v. distribute; allot; give out as one's portion or share

n. recognition; taste; judgment or opinion, especially a favorable one

a. impending; of the relatively near future; coming closer to another

n. funding;  money set aside for a specific purpose

v. ratify; consider right or good; think or speak favorably of

ad. very similarly; roughly

a. likely; precisely suitable; appropriate; quick to learn or understand

n. inherent ability; quickness in learning and understanding

ad. in a competent, capable manner; in an apt or suitable manner

n. tank or pool or bowl filled with water for keeping live fish and underwater animals

a. randomly chosen; determined by chance or impulse, and not by reason or principle

n. the continuous portion of a circle; something curved in shape

n. any part of a curved line

a. related to or dealing with or devoted to archaeology

n. study of artifacts and relics of early humankind

n. group of closely located islands

n. one who designs and supervises the construction of buildings or other large structures

a. of or about the art and science of architecture

n. art and science of designing and erecting buildings; buildings and other large structures

n. public records; place where public records are kept

a. displaying or by strong enthusiasm or devotion; passionate

n. a playing field where sports events take place; a large structure for open-air sports or entertainments

n. operatic solo; a solo vocal piece with instrumental accompaniment

a. dry; lacking moisture, especially having insufficient rainfall to support trees or plants

v. come up from a lower to a higher position; come above the horizon; spring up; come into action

n. theory of numerical calculations

a. protected by armor; provided with a protective covering

n. weapons considered collectively; official symbols of a family

n. fragrance; scent; pleasant characteristic odor, as of a plant, spice, or food

a. fragrant or sweet-smelling; caused by fragrant odor

v. excite; stimulate; awaken from or as if from sleep

v. put in proper order; dispose in the manner intended, or best suited for the purpose

n. composition; a plan for how something will happen

n. overbearing pride; haughtiness; manifest feeling of personal superiority in rank, power, or estimation

n. inflammation of a joint or joints

n. essay; editorial; individual thing or element of a class

a. expressing oneself easily in clear and effective language

a. made by humans; produced rather than natural.

n. large weapons, such as cannon and missile launchers operated by crews; army branch in use of large weapons

n. manually skilled worker; craftsman, as opposed to an artist

v. inscribe or dedicate; attribute to a specified cause, source, or origin; assign as a quality

n. distinct feature or element in a problem

n. act of assassinating; killing by treacherous violence; the murder of public figure by a surprise attack

v. put together; bring or call together into a group or whole

n. gathering; meeting; a group of persons gathered together for a common reason

v. estimate  value; judge worth of something

n. act of judging or assessing; amount determined as payable

n. properties; advantage; useful or valuable quality

v. appoint; allot; point out authoritatively or exactly

n. a task that was given to students; job; distribution; appointment

v. incorporate and absorb into mind; make similar; cause to resemble

v. give help or support to, especially as a subordinate

n. help, especially money or resources that are given to people  

n. helper; a person who assists or helps someone else

v. connect or join together; combine

n. connection, whether of persons or things; a union of persons in a company or society for some particular purpose

n. variety; collection containing a variety of sorts of things

n. something taken for accepted as true without proof; taking over or taking possession of

n. promise or pledge; certainty; self-confidence; freedom from doubt

v. surprise someone very much; shock

a. very wonderful; of a nature to excite astonishment; surprising greatly

a. away from the correct path or direction, either in a literal or in a figurative sense; wandering

n. a physicist who studies astronomy

a. enormously large or extensive; relating to astronomy

n. branch of physics that studies celestial bodies and the universe as a whole

n. place of refuge or shelter; protection

n. nonbeliever; one who denies the existence of god

n. a sportsman; one who contended for a prize in public games

n. a bound volume of maps, charts, or tables

n. air; a mixture of gases that surrounds any planet

n. a tiny piece of anything; the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element

a. of or relating to or comprising atoms; immeasurably small

v. fasten; annex; be in contact with

n. a bond, as of affection or loyalty; fond regard; supplementary part; accessory

n. offensive move; expression of strong criticism; hostile comment

n. something, such as an accomplishment or achievement; achievement

n. act of being present

n. aide; servant; accompanying; a person who participates in a meeting

n. act or state of attending or heeding; application of the mind to any object of sense, representation, or thought

a. alert and watchful; considerate; thoughtful

n. story or room directly below the roof of a building, especially a house;

n. lawyer; one who is appointed by another to act in his place or stead; proxy

v. draw to, or cause to tend to; engage or fix, as the mind, attention; invite or allure

n. appeal; a characteristic that provides pleasure and attracts

v. relate to particular cause or source; ascribe; explain

n. essential quality; reputation; honor

a. perceptible; heard or perceptible by the ear

v. examine, verify, or correct the financial accounts of

v. take part in a trial performance; evaluate in a trial performance

n. area of theater or concert hall where the audience sits

n. hand tool for boring holes; hollow drill used to take core samples of soil, ice

v. make greater, as in size, extent, or quantity

a. impressive; majestic; inspiring awe or admiration

a. not counterfeit or copied; valid; trustworthy

v. prove genuine; establish authenticity of

n. beginner, former, or first mover of anything; creator; originator; one who composes or writes book or composer

n. jurisdiction; power to enforce laws, exact obedience, command, determine, or judge; government

v. empower; give permission for; sanction

a. of or relating to a person's life or an account of a person's life

n. biography or story written by yourself

a. mechanical; automatic; accomplished without the intervention of a human operator

a. mechanized; operating with minimal human intervention; independent of external control

n. self-propelled vehicle suitable for use on street or roadway

a. of or relating to motor vehicles; moving by itself; self-propelling

a. self-governing; not controlled by others or by outside forces; independent

n. independence; self-government or the right of self-government; self-determination

a. helper, additional or subsidiary

n. a great mass of falling snow and ice

n. radically new or original; cutting edge

v. take vengeance for something, or on behalf of someone

n. way or opening for entrance or exit place; passage by which a place may be reached; broad street

a. typical; mean; achieve or reach on average

n. firm dislike; turning away; avoidance of a thing, situation, or behavior because of dislike

v. prevent; turn or cause to turn off or away

n. art or science of flying; flight; aeronautics

a. greedy; eager for; marked by keen interest and enthusiasm

n. person's regular business or occupation; hobby or recreational or leisure pursuit

n. keeping away from or preventing from happening

n. realization; consciousness; having knowledge of

ad. in an uncomfortable, nervous, or embarrassed way