abbreviation | n. [略称は] shortening something by omitting parts of it |
abolish | v. [憎しみ] cancel; put an end to; destroy completely |
aboriginal | a. [先住民] being the first of its kind in a region; primitive; native |
abound | v. [多い] be full of; be plentiful |
abrasion | n. [摩耗] scratch; friction; the process of rubbing away the surface of something |
abridge | v. [端折る] condense; shorten; reduce length of written text |
abundance | n. [豊富] great or plentiful amount; fullness to overflowing |
accelerate | v. [加速] move faster; cause to develop or progress more quickly; occur sooner than expected |
acclaim | v. [かっさい] applaud; announce with great approval |
accommodation | n. [宿泊施設] living quarters provided for public convenience; something that meets a need; convenience |
accord | n. [協定] settlement or compromise of conflicting opinions; written agreement between two states |
accumulate | v. [蓄積] pile up; collect; mount up; increase |
accuser | n. [告発] one who accuses; one who brings a charge of crime or fault |
acquaint | v. [酸] inform about; cause to come to know personally; make familiar |
adept | a. [熟練] expert at; very skilled; having or showing knowledge and skill and aptitude |
adhere | v. [付着] stick fast; stick to firmly; be compatible or in accordance with |
adjacent | a. [隣接] adjoining; neighboring; close to; lying near |
adjoin | v. [隣接する] be next to; be contiguous to; border on |
administrate | v. [管理する] administer; supply; supervise or be in charge of |
adolescence | n. [青年] state of growing up from childhood to manhood or womanhood; transitional period between youth and maturity |
advent | n. [出現] coming or arrival, especially of something extremely important |
adverse | a. [不利な] in opposing direction; harmful or unfavorable; acting or serving to oppose |
aerial | a. [航空] of the air or atmosphere; produced by or found in the air; performed in the air |
aesthetic | a. [審美] elegant or tasteful; of or concerning the appreciation of beauty or good taste |
affiliate | v. [アフィリエイト] associate; cause a group to become part of or form a close relationship with another |
affirm | v. [断言] state something as true; assert; confirm |
affix | v. [接辞] fasten; append; add on; secure to something |
afflict | v. [苦しめる] cause pain, suffering, or distress |
aggregate | v. [集計] gather into a mass, sum, or whole; amount to |
agitation | n. [攪拌] anxiety; extreme emotional disturbance |
agreeable | a. [快適] ready to consent or submit; acceptable |
airing | a. [放映] exposure to air for freshening or drying; exposure to public attention; radio or television broadcast |
albeit | ad. [いえ] even though; although; notwithstanding |
allege | v. [主張] state without proof; assert to be true |
alleviate | v. [緩和] provide physical relief, as from pain; make easier; remove in part |
allocate | v. [割り当て] assign; distribute according to plan |
allot | v. [充てる] parcel out in parts or portions; distribute to each individual concerned; assign as a share or lot |
alloy | v. [合金] combine; mix; make less pure; lessen or moderate |
alphabetical | a. [アルファベット順] arranged in customary order of the letters of a language |
ambiguity | n. [あいまい] state of being ambiguous; doubtfulness or uncertainty |
ambiguous | a. [あいまい] unclear or doubtful in meaning |
amend | v. [修正] change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors |
amid | ad. [中] in the middle of; among; surrounded by |
amidst | ad. [囲まれた] amid; in the middle of; among |
amplify | v. [増幅] broaden or clarify by expanding; intensify; make larger or more powerful; increase |
analyse | v. [分析] resolve anything complex into its elements; separate into parts for examination of each separately |
analytical | a. [分析] of analysis; resolving into elements or parts |
ancestor | n. [祖先] forefather; forebear; forerunner or predecessor |
anecdote | n. [逸話] a short account of the amusing or interesting event; short narrative; a secret story of history or biography |
annihilate | v. [全滅] destroy completely; reduce to nonexistence |
annuity | n. [年金] annual payment of allowance or income; periodical payment, amounting to a fixed sum in each year |
antagonism | n. [拮抗] active resistance; condition of being an opposing principle, force, or factor |
antarctic | a. [南極] opposite to the northern or arctic pole; relating to the southern pole or the region near it |
anthology | n. [アンソロジー] book of literary selections by various authors |
apologetic | a. [申し訳なさそう] offering or expressing an apology or excuse; serving as or containing a formal justification or defense |
apparatus | n. [装置] a group of parts that work together to perform a given function; appliance, or device for a particular purpose |
append | v. [追加] attach; add as supplement or appendix |
appliance | n. [アプライアンス] durable goods for home or office use; device or instrument for household use |
applicant | n. [申請] candidate; a person who formally requests something, especially a job |
appraisal | n. [鑑定評価] assessment; evaluation; the classification of someone or something with respect to its worth |
appreciable | a. [かなり] large enough to be noticed or to affect; perceptible |
apprentice | n. [見習い] works for an expert to learn a trade; beginner; learner |
approximate | v. [概算] come near or nearer to something or someone in space, time, quality, or amount |
apt | a. [がち] likely; precisely suitable; appropriate; quick to learn or understand |
aquatic | a. [水産] consisting of, relating to, or being in the water |
arbitrary | a. [任意] randomly chosen; determined by chance or impulse, and not by reason or principle |
archaic | a. [古風] no longer current or applicable; antiquated |
ardent | a. [情熱的な] displaying or by strong enthusiasm or devotion; passionate |
arduous | a. [困難] demanding great effort or labor; difficult |
armour | n. [鎧] defensive covering, as of metal, wood, or leather, worn to protect the body against weapons |
arouse | v. [喚起] excite; stimulate; awaken from or as if from sleep |
array | v. [配列] set out for display or use; place in orderly arrangement |
ascend | v. [アセンド] move up or climb something; mount |
ascent | n. [上昇] upward slope or grade; movement upward |
ascertain | v. [確かめる] find out for certain; discover with certainty; make sure of |
ascribe | v. [せい] inscribe or dedicate; attribute to a specified cause, source, or origin; assign as a quality |
aspiration | n. [誤嚥] ambition; something that you hope to achieve |
aspire | v. [熱望する] seek to attain; long for; strive toward an end |
assert | v. [主張] declare or state with confidence; put oneself forward boldly |
assorted | a. [盛り合わせ] varied; consisting of various types mixed together |
astound | v. [びっくり仰天させる] affect with wonder; surprise; shock |
attain | v. [達成] achieve or accomplish; gain |
attribute | n. [属性] essential quality; reputation; honor |
audible | a. [音] perceptible; heard or perceptible by the ear |
augment | v. [強化] make greater, as in size, extent, or quantity |
authoritative | a. [認証] weighting authority; peremptory and dictatorial |
automate | v. [自動化] replace or enhance human labor with machines |
automation | n. [自動化] the use of machines and computers that can operate without needing human control |
autonomy | n. [自立] independence; self-government or the right of self-government; self-determination |
auxiliary | a. [自律] helper, additional or subsidiary |
avail | v. [解剖] turn to the advantage of; be of service to; profit; promote |
avert | v. [回避] prevent; turn or cause to turn off or away |
aviation | n. [航空] art or science of flying; flight; aeronautics |
axis | n. [軸] the center around which something rotates; pivot |
badminton | n. [バドミントン] game played on a court with light long-handled rackets |
baffle | v. [バッフル] frustrate as by confusing or perplexing; impede force or movement of |
bamboo | n. [竹] plant of the family of grasses, and genus Bambusa, growing in tropical countries |
barometer | n. [気圧] an instrument for determining the weight or pressure of the atmosphere |
barricade | n. [バリケード] hastily put together defensive barrier; obstacle |
barter | v. [バーター] trade goods or services without the exchange of money |
bead | n. [ビーズ] small piece of material, such as glass, plastic, or wood that is pierced for stringing |
beautician | n. [美容] one skilled in giving cosmetic treatments; one who does hair styling, manicures, and other beauty treatments |
beneficial | a. [有利] helpful; tending to promote physical well-being |
berth | n. [高炉] space for the ship to dock or anchor; allotted place; the place to sleep or stay; appointment or job |
beset | v. [悩まさ] attack from all sides; trouble persistently; hem in |
bewilder | v. [惑わすは] lead into perplexity or confusion; perplex with mazes |
bibliography | n. [ブレンド] list of works of a specific author or publisher; list of writings relating to a given subject |
bilateral | a. [点滅最愛] two-sided; mutual; involving two groups or countries |
bilingual | n. [曲げる] using or able to use two languages, especially with equal or nearly equal fluency |
bitumen | n. [バイアス] mineral pitch; black, tarry substance, burning with a bright flame |
bloc | n. [圏は] a group of nations, parties, or persons united for common action |
blot | n. [しみ] spot or stain, as of ink on paper; blur; a weak point or failing |
blunder | n. [失策] serious mistake typically caused by ignorance or confusion |
boast | v. [自慢] show off oneself; speak of with excessive pride |
bookcase | n. [書棚] case with shelves for holding books, especially one with glazed doors |
bookkeeper | n. [簿記] one who keeps accounts; one who has charge of keeping books and accounts in an office |
bookstall | n. [ブックストール] stall where books are sold, as on the street; table with enclosed sides, for displaying books for sale |
boundary | n. [境界] dividing line; border; frontier |
boycott | v. [ボイコット] refrain from buying or using |
brashness | n. [厚かまし] characteristic of being brash; the trait of being rash and hasty; tasteless showiness |
brisk | a. [好調] marked by speed, liveliness, and vigor; energetic; swift; keen or sharp in speech or manner |
browse | v. [閲覧] graze; skim or glance at casually |
bulge | v. [膨らみ] cause to curve outward; swell up; stick out; protrude |
bungalow | n. [バンガロー] small house or cottage usually having a single story and attic |
buoyant | a. [浮力] able to float; cheerful and optimistic |
bureaucracy | n. [官僚] over-regulated administrative system |
burrow | n. [巣] tunnel; hole in the ground made by an animal for shelter; moving through by or as by digging |
bustle | v. [雑踏] move or cause to move energetically and busily; teem |
calamity | n. [災難] the event that brings terrible loss, lasting distress, or severe affliction; disaster; misery |
calcium | n. [カルシウム] silvery, moderately hard metallic element |
calorie | n. [カロリー] unit of heat equal to the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water by 1 degree |
canteen | n. [食堂] a vessel used by soldiers for carrying water or other drinks; snack bar or small cafeteria |
caption | n. [キャプション] title; chapter heading; text under illustration |
carcass | n. [體は] the dead body of an animal, especially one slaughtered and dressed for food |
catalyst | n. [触媒] an agent which brings about chemical change while it remains unaffected and unchanged |
caustic | a. [苛性ソーダ] capable of burning, corroding, dissolving, or eating away by chemical action |
censor | n. [は検閲] overseer of morals; official responsible for removal of objectionable or sensitive content |
centenary | a. [周年] relating to a 100-year period; occurring once every 100 years |
certify | v. [証明] give certain information to; assure; make certain |
characterize | v. [特徴] distinguish; be characteristic of; be a distinctive trait or mark of |
chasm | n. [割れ目] deep opening in the earth surface |
chaste | a. [純潔] morally pure in thought or conduct; decent and modest |
chore | n. [雑用] a specific piece of work required to be done as a duty or for a specific fee |
chronological | a. [時系列] arranged in order of time of occurrence |
circulate | v. [循環] move through space, circuit, or system, returning to the starting point |
circumference | n. [周] the boundary line of a circle, figure, area, or object |
cite | v. [引用] quote; adduce as an instance |
clasp | n. [クラスプ] fastening device; firm grip |
classify | v. [分類] declare unavailable, as for security reasons; arrange or order by classes or categories |
clockwise | ad. [時計] in the direction that the hands of a clock move |
cluster | n. [クラスタ] group; bunch; group of the same or similar elements gathered or occurring closely |
coarse | a. [粗] rough; harsh; of low, common, or inferior quality |
coeducation | n. [男女共学] system of education in which both men and women attend the same institution or classes |
cognitive | a. [認知] knowing or perceiving; part of mental functions that deals with logic |
coherent | a. [コヒーレント] adhesive; sticking together; capable of thinking and expressing yourself in a clear and consistent manner |
coil | n. [コイル] a series of connected spirals or concentric rings formed by gathering or winding; spiral pipe or series of spiral pipes |
coincide | v. [一致] occur at the same time as; correspond |
collaboration | n. [コラボレーション] act of working together; act of cooperating with an enemy, especially it occupying one's own country |
collide | v. [衝突] bump; hit something violently |
combustible | a. [可燃] capable of igniting and burning; easily aroused or excited |
commemorate | v. [記念] serve as a memorial to; honor the memory of with a ceremony |
commend | v. [表彰] commit, entrust, or give in charge for care or preservation; recommend as worthy of confidence or regard |
commodity | n. [商品] goods; article of trade; advantage; benefit |
commonplace | a. [一般] ordinary; having no remarkable features |
commute | v. [通勤] obtain or bargain for exemption or substitution; regularly travel from a place of residence to another place |
commuter | n. [通勤] someone who regularly travels from home in a suburb to work in a city |
comparable | a. [比較] similar or equivalent; being of equal regard; worthy of being ranked with |
compel | v. [補償] force; coerce; necessitate or pressure by force |
compile | v. [コンパイル] put together or compose from materials gathered from several sources |
complement | v. [補完] complete; consummate; make perfect |
compliance | n. [コンプライアンス] readiness to yield; happy friendly agreement |
compose | v. [構成] write; create; make or create by putting together parts or elements |
composite | a. [複合] made up of distinct parts or elements; compounded |
compress | v. [圧縮] close; squeeze or press together; contract |
comprise | v. [は構成] include; consist of; be composed of |
compulsory | a. [強制] mandatory; obligatory; required by rule |
compute | v. [計算] reckon; make a mathematical calculation |
concerted | a. [協調] planned or accomplished together; combined |
concise | a. [簡潔] brief and compact; expressing much in few words |
concoct | v. [調合する] digest; convert into nourishment by the organs of nutrition |
concurrent | a. [同時] simultaneous; coincident; occurring or operating at the same time |
condense | v. [凝縮] change from a gaseous to a liquid state and fall in drops; compress or concentrate |
condolence | n. [お悔やみ] expression of sympathy with another in sorrow or grief. |
confer | v. [相談] bestow; present; have a conference in order to talk something over |
configuration | n. [構成] arrangement of parts or elements; outline |
confine | v. [閉じ込める] restrict in movement; circumscribe |
conform | v. [適合] comply with; follow; fit; meet |
congestion | n. [輻輳] act of gathering or heaping together or forming a mass |
congruent | a. [合同] possessing congruity; suitable; agreeing; corresponding |
conscientious | a. [良心] diligent; responsible; reliable |
consecutive | a. [連続] following one after another without interruption; sequential |
consequent | a. [結果] resulting; following as a logical conclusion |
conservation | n. [省エネ] preservation or restoration from loss, damage, or neglect |
conservatory | n. [コンサバトリー] greenhouse; school of music or dramatic art |
conserve | v. [節約] retain; protect from loss or harm; preserve; use carefully or sparingly, avoiding waste |
consign | v. [委託] give, transfer, or deliver formally, as if by signing over into the possession of another |
consist | v. [構成] be made up or composed; be comprised or contained in |
consolidate | v. [統合] make solid; unite or press together into a compact mass; harden or make dense and firm |
conspicuous | a. [目立つ] noticeable; prominent; easy to notice; obvious |
constituent | n. [構成] component or part; citizen, voter |
constitute | v. [構成] make up; form something |
constrain | v. [制約コンコード] restrain; keep within close bounds; confine |
constrict | v. [収縮さ] restrict; shrink; make smaller or narrower by binding or squeezing |
construct | v. [構成] form by assembling or combining parts; build; create |
contaminate | v. [汚染する] make impure or unclean by contact or mixture; pollute; defile |
contemplate | v. [考える] look at attentively and thoughtfully; observe deep in thought |
contend | v. [主張] strive in opposition; contest; dispute; struggle for |
contention | n. [競合] competing as for any profit or prize |
continuity | n. [継続] property of a continuous and connected period of time |
contradict | v. [矛盾] confront; state the opposite of what someone has said |
contradiction | n. [矛盾] the assertion of contrary; denial of the truth of a statement; opposition, whether by argument or conduct |
contrive | v. [たくらむ] form by an exercise of ingenuity; invent or design |
convene | v. [召集] cause to come together formally |
converge | v. [収束] approach; tend to meet; come together |
converse | v. [会話] chat; talk informally; engage in a spoken exchange of thoughts |
conversely | ad. [カジュアル] in a converse manner; with change of order or relation; reciprocally. |
correlate | v. [相関] relate; associate; bring into a mutual relation |
correspond | v. [対応] be compatible, similar or consistent; exchange messages |
correspondence | n. [対応] similarity or analogy; communication by the exchange of letters |
correspondent | a. [特派員] one who communicates information, especially, by letter or telegram to newspaper or periodical |
corresponding | a. [対応] accompanying; analogous or equivalent in character, form, or function; comparable |
cosmopolitan | a. [国際] sophisticated; of worldwide scope |
cosy | n. [居心地] padded or knitted covering placed especially over a teapot to keep the tea hot; cozy |
counterbalance | v. [相殺] act as force or influence that balances, checks, or limits an opposite one |
counterpart | n. [対応] duplicate copy; one that closely resembles another |
crater | n. [火口] a bowl-shaped opening at the top of a volcano |
crease | n. [折り目] a line or long thin mark made by folding or doubling |
criterion | n. [重要] standard of judging; any approved or established rule or test |
crouch | v. [クラウン] bend down; stoop low; lie close to the ground with the legs bent, as an animal when waiting for prey or in fear |
culminate | v. [絶頂] reach the highest or most decisive point; rise to the summit |
cultivate | v. [育成] improve and prepare, as by plowing or fertilizing, for raising crops; promote the growth of |
cumbersome | a. [健康に良い] heavy; difficult to handle because of weight or bulk |
cumulative | a. [累積] increasing by successive addition |
curriculum | n. [カリキュラム] the subjects comprising a course of study in a school or college; course or program |
curtail | v. [落ちた削減する] cut short or reduce; cut off end or tail, or any part |
custodian | n. [保管] a person who has responsibility for or looks after something; guardian |
deadlock | n. [デッドロック] standstill resulting from the opposition of two forces or factions; stalemate |
dearth | n. [学者] scarcity; shortage of food; famine from failure or loss of crops |
decompose | v. [分解する] decay, or to cause something to decay |
decrease | v. [減少] lessen; reduce; make a quantity smaller |
decrepit | a. [老朽化] weakened, worn out, or broken down by old age, illness, or hard use |
deduce | v. [推論] lead forth; conclude by reasoning; trace the origin or derivation of |
deduct | v. [控除] lead forth or out; take away, separate, or remove, in numbering, estimating, or calculating; subtract |
deem | v. [判断] decide; judge; sentence; condemn |
default | n. [デフォルト] failure to act; an option that is selected automatically |
defer | v. [延期] delay till later; put off; hold back to a later time |
defiance | n. [無視] refusal to yield; readiness to contend or resist |
defile | v. [汚す] pollute; make dirty or spotty |
deflate | v. [デフレート] reduce from an inflated condition; release contained air or gas from |
deflect | v. [偏向] turn aside; draw someone's attention away from something |
defraud | v. [詐欺] deprive of some right, interest, or property, by a deceitful device |
deft | a. [器用] quick and skillful; neat in action or performance |
degrade | v. [劣化] reduce level; lower grade of something |
delectable | a. [美味しい] delightful; delicious; extremely pleasing to the sense of taste |
delegate | n. [デリゲート] a person authorized to act as a representative for another; deputy |
delirium | n. [せん妄] a mental disorder marked by confusion |
delude | v. [迷わす] deceive mind or judgment of; lead from truth or into error; frustrate or disappoint |
deluge | n. [洪水] great flood; heavy downpour; any overflowing of water |
demolish | v. [解体] raze; destroy; do away with completely; put an end to |
denomination | n. [宗派] class, society, or collection of individuals called by the same name; specifically, a religious sect |
denote | v. [示す] indicate; signify directly; refer to specifically |
depict | v. [描写] represent in a picture or sculpture; portray in words; describe |
deplete | v. [枯渇] decrease fullness of; use up or empty out |
depletion | n. [空] act of emptying, reducing, or exhausting |
deplore | v. [嘆く] feel or express strong disapproval of; condemn; express sorrow or grief over; regret |
depress | v. [抑制] lower in spirits; press down |
derelict | a. [遺棄] left and abandoned; negligent in performing a duty |
derive | v. [派生] obtain or receive from a source; trace the origin or development of |
descend | v. [下降] move downward and lower; come from; be connected by a relationship of blood |
designate | v. [内定] indicate or specify; point out; assign a name or title to |
desolate | a. [荒れ] unpopulated; providing no shelter or sustenance; devoid of inhabitants |
destine | v. [運命づける] intend or choose someone or something for a particular purpose or end |
detach | v. [デタッチ] part; separate or disunite; disengage |
detain | v. [拘留] keep back or from; withhold; restrain from proceeding; stay or stop; delay |
deter | v. [抑止] keep from; stop; prevent or discourage from acting |
detriment | n. [損害] harm; damage; injury; something that causes damage, harm, or loss |
detrimental | a. [はうんざり] causing damage or harm; injurious |
devastate | v. [大打撃を与える] ruin; lay waste; destroy; make desolate |
deviate | v. [逸脱] turn away from a principle, norm; depart; diverge |
devise | v. [工夫] form, plan, or arrange in mind; transmit or give by will |
devour | v. [食い入るように見る] consume; eat greedily; destroy completely |
diagnose | v. [診断] analyze; examine; identify the cause of something |
diagram | n. [図] graph; chart; figure or drawing made to illustrate a statement; plan |
dialect | n. [方言] vocabulary that is for a specific group of people |
diameter | n. [直径] length of a straight line passing through the center of a circle and connecting two points on the circumference |
differentiate | v. [区別] set apart; distinguish; perceive or show the difference in or between |
diffuse | v. [拡散をぶち] spread out widely; scatter freely; pour out and cause to spread freely |
dilapidated | a. [パート] in disrepair, run-down; of very poor quality or condition |
dilate | v. [広げる] make wider or larger; cause to expand; enlarge; widen |
diligent | a. [勤勉] assiduous; industrious; hard-working |
dilute | v. [希] weaken; make thinner or less concentrated by adding a liquid such as water |
diminish | v. [減少] dwindle; reduce; make smaller or less or to cause to appear so |
din | n. [騒音] loud, confused, harsh noise; loud, continuous, rattling, or clanging sound |
dingy | a. [薄汚い] darkened with smoke and grime; dirty or discolored |
diplomat | n. [外交] one who is in charge to deal with others, like an ambassador, who is appointed to represent a government |
disarray | v. [混乱] throw into disorder; break the array of. |
discard | v. [破棄] throw out something from one's hand; get rid of |
discern | v. [識別] detect; perceive, recognize, or understand something that is not clear |
disclose | v. [開示] unclose; open; remove a cover or envelope from; lay open or expose to view |
discord | n. [葛藤] conflict; lack of agreement among persons, groups, or things |
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