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  Academic Words Level 4 - 1 - Printable Flashcards
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IELTS Academic Words Level 4 - 1: Print Flashcard

abbreviation
n. [縮寫,縮寫詞] shortening something by omitting parts of it
abolish
v. [廢除] cancel; put an end to; destroy completely
aboriginal
a. [原來的,土著的] being the first of its kind in a region; primitive; native
abound
v. [充滿,富於] be full of; be plentiful
abrasion
n. [磨(擦)破,擦傷處(尤指皮膚因磨擦等造成者).表面磨損] scratch; friction; the process of rubbing away the surface of something
abridge
v. [刪節,節選] condense; shorten; reduce length of written text
abundance
n. [豐富,充裕] great or plentiful amount; fullness to overflowing
accelerate
v. [加速] move faster; cause to develop or progress more quickly; occur sooner than expected
acclaim
v. [讚揚,表揚] applaud; announce with great approval
accommodation
n. [住處,住所,適應,調節,通融] living quarters provided for public convenience; something that meets a need; convenience
accord
n. [一致,協議] settlement or compromise of conflicting opinions; written agreement between two states
accumulate
v. [堆積,積聚,積累] pile up; collect;  mount up; increase
accuser
n. [原告,起訴人] one who accuses; one who brings a charge of crime or fault
acquaint
v. [熟悉] inform about; cause to come to know personally; make familiar
adept
a. [擅長於] expert at; very skilled; having or showing knowledge and skill and aptitude
adhere
v. [黏著] stick fast; stick to firmly; be compatible or in accordance with
adjacent
a. [鄰近的,毗鄰的] adjoining; neighboring; close to; lying near
adjoin
v. [毗連,臨近,貼近] be next to; be contiguous to; border on
administrate
v. [管理] administer; supply; supervise or be in charge of
adolescence
n. [青春期] state of growing up from childhood to manhood or womanhood; transitional period between youth and maturity
advent
n. [到來,出現] coming or arrival, especially of something extremely important
adverse
a. [討厭,敵意] in opposing direction; harmful or unfavorable; acting or serving to oppose
aerial
a. [空氣的,空中的] of the air or atmosphere; produced by or found in the air; performed in the air
aesthetic
a. [審美的] elegant or tasteful; of or concerning the appreciation of beauty or good taste
affiliate
v. [使隸屬,接納為成員] associate; cause a group to become part of or form a close relationship with another
affirm
v. [斷言,證實,確認] state something as true; assert; confirm
affix
v. [增加,附於] fasten; append; add on; secure to something
afflict
v. [折磨,使苦惱] cause pain, suffering, or distress
aggregate
v. [收集,聚集] gather into a mass, sum, or whole; amount to
agitation
n. [焦慮,不安,鼓動,煽動] anxiety; extreme emotional disturbance
agreeable
a. [使人愉快的,合意的] ready to consent or submit; acceptable
airing
a. [晾乾,通風,公開,公開討論,散步,開汽車兜風] exposure to air for freshening or drying; exposure to public attention; radio or television broadcast
albeit
ad. [雖然,縱使] even though; although; notwithstanding
allege
v. [斷言] state without proof; assert to be true
alleviate
v. [解脫,釋放,釋然] provide physical relief, as from pain; make easier; remove in part
allocate
v. [分配,制定] assign; distribute according to plan
allot
v. [按份額分配] parcel out in parts or portions; distribute to each individual concerned; assign as a share or lot
alloy
v. [混合,減少純度] combine; mix; make less pure; lessen or moderate
alphabetical
a. [字母的,按字母順序] arranged in customary order of the letters of a language
ambiguity
n. [模棱兩可] state of being ambiguous; doubtfulness or uncertainty
ambiguous
a. [模棱兩可] unclear or doubtful in meaning
amend
v. [修訂,修改,變更] change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors
amid
ad. [在…中] in the middle of; among; surrounded by
amidst
ad. [在…中] amid; in the middle of; among
amplify
v. [放大] broaden or clarify by expanding; intensify; make larger or more powerful; increase
analyse
v. [分析] resolve anything complex into its elements; separate into parts for examination of each separately
analytical
a. [分析法的,善於分析的] of analysis; resolving into elements or parts
ancestor
n. [祖先,祖宗] forefather; forebear; forerunner or predecessor
anecdote
n. [奇聞軼事] a short account of the amusing or interesting event; short narrative; a secret story of history or biography
annihilate
v. [毀滅,破壞] destroy completely; reduce to nonexistence
annuity
n. [年金,養老金] annual payment of allowance or income; periodical payment, amounting to a fixed sum in each year
antagonism
n. [反抗,敵對] active resistance; condition of being an opposing principle, force, or factor
antarctic
a. [南極的] opposite to the northern or arctic pole; relating to the southern pole or the region near it
anthology
n. [選集] book of literary selections by various authors
apologetic
a. [道歉的,歉意的] offering or expressing an apology or excuse; serving as or containing a formal justification or defense
apparatus
n. [器械,設備] a group of parts that work together to perform a given function; appliance, or device for a particular purpose
append
v. [追加,附上] attach; add as supplement or appendix
appliance
n. [用具,器具] durable goods for home or office use; device or instrument for household use
applicant
n. [申請人] candidate; a person who formally requests something, especially a job
appraisal
n. [評價,估價] assessment; evaluation; the classification of someone or something with respect to its worth
appreciable
a. [很大的,值得重視的] large enough to be noticed or to affect; perceptible
apprentice
n. [學徒] works for an expert to learn a trade; beginner; learner
approximate
v. [接近,近似] come near or nearer to something or someone in space, time, quality, or amount
apt
a. [恰當的,貼切的] likely; precisely suitable; appropriate; quick to learn or understand
aquatic
a. [與水有關係的] consisting of, relating to, or being in the water
arbitrary
a. [反复無常,隨機的] randomly chosen; determined by chance or impulse, and not by reason or principle
archaic
a. [過時的] no longer current or applicable; antiquated
ardent
a. [熱心的,熱情的] displaying or by strong enthusiasm or devotion; passionate
arduous
a. [努力,奮發] demanding great effort or labor; difficult
armour
n. [盔甲,保護層] defensive covering, as of metal, wood, or leather, worn to protect the body against weapons
arouse
v. [刺激,激起,喚醒] excite; stimulate; awaken from or as if from sleep
array
v. [排列,整理] set out for display or use; place in orderly arrangement
ascend
v. [(漸漸)上升,升高,攀登] move up or climb something; mount
ascent
n. [攀登,上升] upward slope or grade; movement upward
ascertain
v. [確認,確證] find out for certain; discover with certainty; make sure of
ascribe
v. [歸因於,指派] inscribe or dedicate; attribute to a specified cause, source, or origin; assign as a quality
aspiration
n. [雄心,抱負] ambition; something that you hope to achieve
aspire
v. [熱望,熱心於] seek to attain; long for; strive toward an end
assert
v. [斷言] declare or state with confidence; put oneself forward boldly
assorted
a. [各式各樣的,多樣混合的] varied;  consisting of various types mixed together  
astound
v. [使驚異] affect with wonder; surprise; shock
attain
v. [獲得,完成] achieve or accomplish; gain
attribute
n. [屬性, 望] essential quality; reputation; honor
audible
a. [聽得見的] perceptible; heard or perceptible by the ear
augment
v. [增長] make greater, as in size, extent, or quantity
authoritative
a. [權威,獨裁] weighting authority; peremptory and dictatorial
automate
v. [使自動化] replace or enhance human labor with machines
automation
n. [自動化操作] the use of machines and computers that can operate without needing human control
autonomy
n. [自治,自治權] independence; self-government or the right of self-government; self-determination
auxiliary
a. [輔助的] helper, additional or subsidiary
avail
v. [利用,效用,促進] turn to the advantage of; be of service to; profit; promote
avert
v. [轉移,防止] prevent; turn or cause to turn off or away
aviation
n. [航空,航空學] art or science of flying; flight; aeronautics
axis
n. [軸,軸心] the center around which something rotates; pivot
badminton
n. [羽毛球運動] game played on a court with light long-handled rackets
baffle
v. [挫敗] frustrate as by confusing or perplexing; impede force or movement of
bamboo
n. [竹,竹莖] plant of the family of grasses, and genus Bambusa, growing in tropical countries
barometer
n. [氣壓計,晴雨表] an instrument for determining the weight or pressure of the atmosphere
barricade
n. [屏障,障礙物] hastily put together defensive barrier; obstacle
barter
v. [物品交換,易貨貿易] trade goods or services without the exchange of money
bead
n. [珠子,(液體)小滴] small piece of material, such as glass, plastic, or wood that is pierced for stringing
beautician
n. [美容師] one skilled in giving cosmetic treatments; one who does hair styling, manicures, and other beauty treatments
beneficial
a. [有用的] helpful; tending to promote physical well-being
berth
n. [(船)停泊] space for the ship to dock or anchor; allotted place; the place to sleep or stay; appointment or job
beset
v. [困擾] attack from all sides; trouble persistently; hem in
bewilder
v. [使迷惑,使昏亂] lead into perplexity or confusion; perplex with mazes
bibliography
n. [文獻學] list of works of a specific author or publisher; list of writings relating to a given subject
bilateral
a. [兩邊的,雙邊的] two-sided; mutual;  involving two groups or countries  
bilingual
n. [(能說)兩種語言的] using or able to use two languages, especially with equal or nearly equal fluency
bitumen
n. [瀝青] mineral pitch; black, tarry substance, burning with a bright flame
bloc
n. [行動一致的集團,政黨或國家] a group of nations, parties, or persons united for common action
blot
n. [污斑,污跡,污漬,(品行上的)污點] spot or stain, as of ink on paper; blur; a weak point or failing
blunder
n. [錯誤] serious mistake typically caused by ignorance or confusion
boast
v. [自誇,自豪] show off oneself;  speak of with excessive pride
bookcase
n. [書架] case with shelves for holding books, especially one with glazed doors
bookkeeper
n. [簿記員,記帳人] one who keeps accounts; one who has charge of keeping books and accounts in an office
bookstall
n. [書攤] stall where books are sold, as on the street; table with enclosed sides, for displaying books for sale
boundary
n. [分界線,邊界] dividing line; border; frontier
boycott
v. [抵制] refrain from buying or using
brashness
n. [莽撞的,無禮的] characteristic of being brash; the trait of being rash and hasty; tasteless showiness
brisk
a. [活潑的,輕快的] marked by speed, liveliness, and vigor; energetic; swift; keen or sharp in speech or manner
browse
v. [吃草,瀏覽] graze; skim or glance at casually
bulge
v. [膨脹,突出] cause to curve outward; swell up; stick out; protrude
bungalow
n. [小平房] small house or cottage usually having a single story and attic
buoyant
a. [可漂浮的,樂觀的] able to float; cheerful and optimistic
bureaucracy
n. [官僚機構] over-regulated administrative system
burrow
n. [洞穴,供居住或躲藏的洞或地道] tunnel; hole in the ground made by an animal for shelter; moving through by or as by digging
bustle
v. [喧囂,繁忙,熙熙攘攘] move or cause to move energetically and busily; teem
calamity
n. [災難,不幸] the event that brings terrible loss, lasting distress, or severe affliction; disaster; misery
calcium
n. [鈣] silvery, moderately hard metallic element
calorie
n. [卡路里(熱量單位)] unit of heat equal to the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water by 1 degree
canteen
n. [小賣部,臨時流動餐館,軍用炊具,水壺] a vessel used by soldiers for carrying water or other drinks; snack bar or small cafeteria
caption
n. [標題] title; chapter heading; text under illustration
carcass
n. [動物屍體] the dead body of an animal, especially one slaughtered and dressed for food
catalyst
n. [催化劑] an agent which brings about chemical change while it remains unaffected and unchanged
caustic
a. [腐蝕,挖苦] capable of burning, corroding, dissolving, or eating away by chemical action
censor
n. [審查] overseer of morals; official responsible for removal of objectionable or sensitive content
centenary
a. [一百週年紀念] relating to a 100-year period; occurring once every 100 years
certify
v. [證明,證實,宣稱,授與合格證書] give certain information to; assure; make certain
characterize
v. [表現的特色,刻畫的性格] distinguish; be characteristic of; be a distinctive trait or mark of
chasm
n. [深淵] deep opening in the earth surface
chaste
a. [純的] morally pure in thought or conduct; decent and modest
chore
n. [家務雜事] a specific piece of work required to be done as a duty or for a specific fee
chronological
a. [按年代順序排列的] arranged in order of time of occurrence
circulate
v. [(使)循環,(使)傳播] move through space, circuit, or system, returning to the starting point
circumference
n. [圓周,周長] the boundary line of a circle,  figure, area, or object
cite
v. [引用,掌握] quote; adduce as an instance
clasp
n. [扣合,緊密合作] fastening device; firm grip
classify
v. [分類,按等級或類別組織安排] declare unavailable, as for security reasons; arrange or order by classes or categories
clockwise
ad. [順時針方向的(地)] in the direction that the hands of a clock move
cluster
n. [簇,串,群] group; bunch; group of the same or similar elements gathered or occurring closely
coarse
a. [粗糙的] rough; harsh; of low, common, or inferior quality
coeducation
n. [男女同校教育] system of education in which both men and women attend the same institution or classes
cognitive
a. [認知的] knowing or perceiving; part of mental functions that deals with logic
coherent
a. [粘在一起的] adhesive; sticking together; capable of thinking and expressing yourself in a clear and consistent manner
coil
n. [(一)卷,線圈] a series of connected spirals or concentric rings formed by gathering or winding; spiral pipe or series of spiral pipes
coincide
v. [同時發生,相符合,相巧合] occur at the same time as; correspond
collaboration
n. [合作] act of working together; act of cooperating with an enemy, especially it occupying one's own country
collide
v. [碰撞,衝突] bump; hit something violently
combustible
a. [易燃的,可燃的,易燃物] capable of igniting and burning; easily aroused or excited
commemorate
v. [紀念] serve as a memorial to; honor the memory of with a ceremony
commend
v. [稱讚,頌揚] commit, entrust, or give in charge for care or preservation; recommend as worthy of confidence or regard
commodity
n. [商品,日用品] goods; article of trade; advantage; benefit
commonplace
a. [平凡的] ordinary; having no remarkable features
commute
v. [減刑,交換,折算,每天乘車往返上班,定期往返於兩地間] obtain or bargain for exemption or substitution; regularly travel from a place of residence to another place
commuter
n. [長期票通勤旅客,經常來往於兩地之間的人] someone who regularly travels from home in a suburb to work in a city
comparable
a. [相似的] similar or equivalent; being of equal regard; worthy of being ranked with
compel
v. [強迫,引起] force; coerce; necessitate or pressure by force
compile
v. [聚集,積累,匯集] put together or compose from materials gathered from several sources
complement
v. [補足,完善] complete; consummate; make perfect
compliance
n. [順從,謙讓] readiness to yield; happy friendly agreement
compose
v. [作曲,寫作,組成] write; create; make or create by putting together parts or elements
composite
a. [拼湊成的,混合成的] made up of distinct parts or elements; compounded
compress
v. [壓縮] close; squeeze or press together; contract
comprise
v. [包括] include; consist of; be composed of
compulsory
a. [必須做的,被強制的] mandatory; obligatory; required by rule
compute
v. [計算] reckon; make a mathematical calculation
concerted
a. [協調的] planned or accomplished together; combined
concise
a. [簡要] brief and compact; expressing much in few words
concoct
v. [調製,捏造] digest; convert into nourishment by the organs of nutrition
concurrent
a. [並發的,協作的,一致的] simultaneous; coincident; occurring or operating at the same time
condense
v. [使濃縮,精簡] change from a gaseous to a liquid state and fall in drops; compress or concentrate
condolence
n. [弔唁,哀悼] expression of sympathy with another in sorrow or grief.
confer
v. [授予,贈與,(專門會議)商議] bestow; present; have a conference in order to talk something over
configuration
n. [輪廓,結構] arrangement of parts or elements; outline
confine
v. [限制] restrict in movement; circumscribe
conform
v. [符合,順應,相配,使適合] comply with; follow; fit; meet
congestion
n. [擁擠,擁塞] act of gathering or heaping together or forming a mass
congruent
a. [全等的] possessing congruity; suitable; agreeing; corresponding
conscientious
a. [盡責的,一絲不苟的] diligent; responsible; reliable
consecutive
a. [連續的] following one after another without interruption; sequential
consequent
a. [作為結果的,隨之發生的] resulting; following as a logical conclusion
conservation
n. [保存,保持] preservation or restoration from loss, damage, or neglect
conservatory
n. [溫室,音樂或戲劇學院] greenhouse; school of music or dramatic art
conserve
v. [保存,保藏] retain; protect from loss or harm; preserve; use carefully or sparingly, avoiding waste
consign
v. [托運,託人看管] give, transfer, or deliver formally, as if by signing over into the possession of another
consist
v. [組成,構成,包括,一致,符合] be made up or composed; be comprised or contained in
consolidate
v. [鞏固,合併] make solid; unite or press together into a compact mass; harden or make dense and firm
conspicuous
a. [顯著的,顯而易見的] noticeable; prominent; easy to notice; obvious
constituent
n. [分量或部件,選舉人,投票人] component or part; citizen, voter
constitute
v. [建立(政府),組成,構成] make up; form something
constrain
v. [強使,強逼] restrain; keep within close bounds; confine
constrict
v. [約束,收縮] restrict; shrink; make smaller or narrower by binding or squeezing
construct
v. [建造,創立] form by assembling or combining parts; build; create
contaminate
v. [弄髒,污染,感染] make impure or unclean by contact or mixture; pollute; defile
contemplate
v. [沉思,周密思考] look at attentively and thoughtfully; observe deep in thought
contend
v. [競爭,爭取,爭論] strive in opposition; contest; dispute; struggle for
contention
n. [爭論,爭辯] competing as for any profit or prize
continuity
n. [(時間或空間的)連續性,連貫性] property of a continuous and connected period of time
contradict
v. [矛盾,抵觸] confront; state the opposite of what someone has said
contradiction
n. [矛盾,反駁] the assertion of contrary; denial of the truth of a statement; opposition, whether by argument or conduct
contrive
v. [計劃,設計] form by an exercise of ingenuity; invent or design
convene
v. [召集,集合] cause to come together formally
converge
v. [聚合,接近] approach; tend to meet; come together
converse
v. [聊天,非正式談話] chat; talk informally; engage in a spoken exchange of thoughts
conversely
ad. [相反地] in a converse manner; with change of order or relation; reciprocally.
correlate
v. [使相互關聯,使相互影響] relate; associate; bring into a mutual relation
correspond
v. [符合,協調,通信] be compatible, similar or consistent; exchange messages
correspondence
n. [通信,信件] similarity or analogy; communication by the exchange of letters
correspondent
a. [通訊員,記者] one who communicates information, especially, by letter or telegram to newspaper or periodical
corresponding
a. [相應的] accompanying; analogous or equivalent in character, form, or function; comparable
cosmopolitan
a. [世界主義] sophisticated; of worldwide scope
cosy
n. [舒適的,保暖的] padded or knitted covering placed especially over a teapot to keep the tea hot; cozy
counterbalance
v. [使平衡] act as force or influence that balances, checks, or limits an opposite one
counterpart
n. [相似的人或物,配對物] duplicate copy; one that closely resembles another
crater
n. [火山口,彈坑] a bowl-shaped opening at the top of a volcano
crease
n. [折縫,皺痕] a line or long thin mark made by folding or doubling
criterion
n. [(評判的)標準,準繩,尺度] standard of judging; any approved or established rule or test
crouch
v. [蹲伏,彎腰] bend down; stoop low; lie close to the ground with the legs bent, as an animal when waiting for prey or in fear
culminate
v. [達到頂點,達到頂峰] reach the highest or most decisive point;  rise to the summit
cultivate
v. [耕種,培養] improve and prepare, as by plowing or fertilizing, for raising crops; promote the growth of
cumbersome
a. [粗笨 ,累贅] heavy; difficult to handle because of weight or bulk
cumulative
a. [累積] increasing by successive addition
curriculum
n. [學校的全部課程] the subjects comprising a course of study in a school or college; course or program
curtail
v. [減短,降低] cut short or reduce; cut off end or tail, or any part
custodian
n. [看守人,管理人] a person who has responsibility for or looks after something; guardian
deadlock
n. [僵局] standstill resulting from the opposition of two forces or factions; stalemate
dearth
n. [稀缺,缺乏] scarcity; shortage of food; famine from failure or loss of crops
decompose
v. [分解,(使)腐爛] decay, or to cause something to decay
decrease
v. [減少] lessen; reduce; make a quantity smaller
decrepit
a. [老化,磨損] weakened, worn out, or broken down by old age, illness, or hard use
deduce
v. [推論,推想,演繹] lead forth; conclude by reasoning; trace the origin or derivation of
deduct
v. [扣除,減除] lead forth or out; take away, separate, or remove, in numbering, estimating, or calculating; subtract
deem
v. [認為,視為] decide; judge; sentence; condemn
default
n. [不作為,無動於衷] failure to act; an option that is selected automatically
defer
v. [推遲,延期] delay till later; put off; hold back to a later time
defiance
n. [抵抗,不屈服] refusal to yield; readiness to contend or resist
defile
v. [污染,褻瀆] pollute; make dirty or spotty
deflate
v. [洩出氣體,放出空氣] reduce from an inflated condition; release contained air or gas from
deflect
v. [反射,偏轉] turn aside; draw someone's attention away from something
defraud
v. [詐取,詐騙,騙取] deprive of some right, interest, or property, by a deceitful device
deft
a. [靈巧的,敏銳地] quick and skillful; neat in action or performance
degrade
v. [使降級,貶低] reduce level; lower grade of something
delectable
a. [使人愉快的] delightful; delicious; extremely pleasing to the sense of taste
delegate
n. [代表] a person authorized to act as a representative for another; deputy
delirium
n. [精神錯亂] a mental disorder marked by confusion
delude
v. [盅惑] deceive mind or judgment of; lead from truth or into error; frustrate or disappoint
deluge
n. [大洪水] great flood; heavy downpour; any overflowing of water
demolish
v. [破壞,摧毀] raze; destroy; do away with completely; put an end to
denomination
n. [宗派,教派] class, society, or collection of individuals called by the same name; specifically, a religious sect
denote
v. [指示,表示] indicate; signify directly; refer to specifically
depict
v. [描述] represent in a picture or sculpture; portray in words; describe
deplete
v. [耗盡,減少] decrease fullness of; use up or empty out
depletion
n. [耗盡,枯竭] act of emptying, reducing, or exhausting
deplore
v. [悔恨] feel or express strong disapproval of; condemn; express sorrow or grief over; regret
depress
v. [壓下,壓低] lower in spirits; press down
derelict
a. [遺棄的,廢棄的] left and abandoned; negligent in performing a duty
derive
v. [得到,獲取,源於] obtain or receive from a source; trace the origin or development of
descend
v. [傳下,遺傳] move downward and lower; come from; be connected by a relationship of blood
designate
v. [指定,任命] indicate or specify; point out; assign a name or title to
desolate
a. [荒無人煙的] unpopulated; providing no shelter or sustenance; devoid of inhabitants
destine
v. [注定,指定為] intend or choose someone or something for a particular purpose or end  
detach
v. [分開,拆開,分離,分遣] part; separate or disunite; disengage
detain
v. [拘留,使延遲] keep back or from; withhold; restrain from proceeding; stay or stop; delay
deter
v. [威懾,嚇住] keep from; stop; prevent or discourage from acting
detriment
n. [傷害,危害] harm; damage; injury; something that causes damage, harm, or loss
detrimental
a. [有害的] causing damage or harm; injurious
devastate
v. [毀壞] ruin; lay waste; destroy; make desolate
deviate
v. [背離] turn away from a principle, norm; depart; diverge
devise
v. [設計,發明] form, plan, or arrange in mind; transmit or give by will
devour
v. [貪婪地吃,吞食] consume; eat greedily; destroy completely
diagnose
v. [診斷] analyze; examine; identify the cause of something
diagram
n. [圖表] graph; chart; figure or drawing made to illustrate a statement; plan
dialect
n. [方言,土話] vocabulary that is for a specific group of people
diameter
n. [直徑] length of a straight line passing through the center of a circle and connecting two points on the circumference
differentiate
v. [區分,區別,分辨] set apart; distinguish; perceive or show the difference in or between
diffuse
v. [漫射的,散開的,羅嗦的,冗長的] spread out widely; scatter freely; pour out and cause to spread freely
dilapidated
a. [殘破的,倒塌 ,破舊的] in disrepair, run-down; of very poor quality or condition
dilate
v. [使膨脹,使擴大] make wider or larger; cause to expand; enlarge; widen
diligent
a. [勤勉的,勤奮的] assiduous; industrious; hard-working
dilute
v. [稀釋,淡化] weaken; make thinner or less concentrated by adding a liquid such as water
diminish
v. [減少,變小] dwindle; reduce; make smaller or less or to cause to appear so
din
n. [喧鬧聲,嘈雜聲] loud, confused, harsh noise; loud, continuous, rattling, or clanging sound
dingy
a. [骯髒的,褪色的] darkened with smoke and grime; dirty or discolored
diplomat
n. [外交家,外交官] one who is in charge to deal with others, like an ambassador, who is appointed to represent a government
disarray
v. [混亂,漫無秩序] throw into disorder; break the array of.
discard
v. [丟棄] throw out something from one's hand; get rid of
discern
v. [看出,察覺到] detect; perceive, recognize, or understand something that is not clear
disclose
v. [揭露,揭發,洩露] unclose; open; remove a cover or envelope from; lay open or expose to view
discord
n. [衝突的,不和諧的] conflict; lack of agreement among persons, groups, or things