IELTS Academic Words Level 4 - 1: Matching Quizzes in Chinese (汉语)

6000 IELTS Academic Words

Academic Words Level 4 - 1 - Matching Quizzes

abbreviation

	[祖先,祖宗] forefather; forebear; forerunner or predecessor
	[原来的,土著的] being the first of its kind in a region; primitive; native
	[珠子,(液体)小滴] small piece of material, such as glass, plastic, or wood that is pierced for stringing
	[缩写,缩写词] shortening something by omitting parts of it

abolish

	[两边的,双边的] two-sided; mutual; involving two groups or countries
	[分配,制定] assign; distribute according to plan
	[废除] cancel; put an end to; destroy completely
	[簿记员,记帐人] one who keeps accounts; one who has charge of keeping books and accounts in an office

aboriginal

	[原来的,土著的] being the first of its kind in a region; primitive; native
	[简要] brief and compact; expressing much in few words
	[废除] cancel; put an end to; destroy completely
	[显著的,显而易见的] noticeable; prominent; easy to notice; obvious

abound

	[增加,附于] fasten; append; add on; secure to something
	[长期票通勤旅客,经常来往于两地之间的人] someone who regularly travels from home in a suburb to work in a city
	[争论,争辩] competing as for any profit or prize
	[充满,富于] be full of; be plentiful

abrasion

	[磨(擦)破,擦伤处(尤指皮肤因磨擦等造成者).表面磨损] scratch; friction; the process of rubbing away the surface of something
	[区分,区别,分辨] set apart; distinguish; perceive or show the difference in or between
	[温室,音乐或戏剧学院] greenhouse; school of music or dramatic art
	[看守人,管理人] a person who has responsibility for or looks after something; guardian

abridge

	[按份额分配] parcel out in parts or portions; distribute to each individual concerned; assign as a share or lot
	[腐蚀,挖苦] capable of burning, corroding, dissolving, or eating away by chemical action
	[删节,节选] condense; shorten; reduce length of written text
	[污斑,污迹,污渍,(品行上的)污点] spot or stain, as of ink on paper; blur; a weak point or failing

abundance

	[气压计,晴雨表] an instrument for determining the weight or pressure of the atmosphere
	[压缩] close; squeeze or press together; contract
	[热心的,热情的] displaying or by strong enthusiasm or devotion; passionate
	[丰富,充裕] great or plentiful amount; fullness to overflowing

accelerate

	[加速] move faster; cause to develop or progress more quickly; occur sooner than expected
	[催化剂] an agent which brings about chemical change while it remains unaffected and unchanged
	[污染,亵渎] pollute; make dirty or spotty
	[原来的,土著的] being the first of its kind in a region; primitive; native

acclaim

	[赞扬,表扬] applaud; announce with great approval
	[强使,强逼] restrain; keep within close bounds; confine
	[断言,证实,确认] state something as true; assert; confirm
	[学校的全部课程] the subjects comprising a course of study in a school or college; course or program

accommodation

	[膨胀,突出] cause to curve outward; swell up; stick out; protrude
	[听得见的] perceptible; heard or perceptible by the ear
	[住处,住所,适应,调节,通融] living quarters provided for public convenience; something that meets a need; convenience
	[区分,区别,分辨] set apart; distinguish; perceive or show the difference in or between

accord

	[粘在一起的] adhesive; sticking together; capable of thinking and expressing yourself in a clear and consistent manner
	[雄心,抱负] ambition; something that you hope to achieve
	[管理] administer; supply; supervise or be in charge of
	[一致,协议] settlement or compromise of conflicting opinions; written agreement between two states

accumulate

	[推迟,延期] delay till later; put off; hold back to a later time
	[深渊] deep opening in the earth surface
	[长期票通勤旅客,经常来往于两地之间的人] someone who regularly travels from home in a suburb to work in a city
	[堆积,积聚,积累] pile up; collect; mount up; increase

accuser

	[火山口,弹坑] a bowl-shaped opening at the top of a volcano
	[审查] overseer of morals; official responsible for removal of objectionable or sensitive content
	[原告,起诉人] one who accuses; one who brings a charge of crime or fault
	[老化,磨损] weakened, worn out, or broken down by old age, illness, or hard use

acquaint

	[器械,设备] a group of parts that work together to perform a given function; appliance, or device for a particular purpose
	[纯的] morally pure in thought or conduct; decent and modest
	[拼凑成的,混合成的] made up of distinct parts or elements; compounded
	[熟悉] inform about; cause to come to know personally; make familiar

adept

	[擅长于] expert at; very skilled; having or showing knowledge and skill and aptitude
	[冲突的,不和谐的] conflict; lack of agreement among persons, groups, or things
	[雄心,抱负] ambition; something that you hope to achieve
	[使平衡] act as force or influence that balances, checks, or limits an opposite one

adhere

	[排列,整理] set out for display or use; place in orderly arrangement
	[黏着] stick fast; stick to firmly; be compatible or in accordance with
	[用具,器具] durable goods for home or office use; device or instrument for household use
	[学校的全部课程] the subjects comprising a course of study in a school or college; course or program

adjacent

	[珠子,(液体)小滴] small piece of material, such as glass, plastic, or wood that is pierced for stringing
	[分量或部件,选举人,投票人] component or part; citizen, voter
	[(渐渐)上升,升高,攀登] move up or climb something; mount
	[邻近的,毗邻的] adjoining; neighboring; close to; lying near

adjoin

	[蹲伏,弯腰] bend down; stoop low; lie close to the ground with the legs bent, as an animal when waiting for prey or in fear
	[温室,音乐或戏剧学院] greenhouse; school of music or dramatic art
	[毗连,临近,贴近] be next to; be contiguous to; border on
	[审查] overseer of morals; official responsible for removal of objectionable or sensitive content

administrate

	[包括] include; consist of; be composed of
	[管理] administer; supply; supervise or be in charge of
	[减少] lessen; reduce; make a quantity smaller
	[权威,独裁] weighting authority; peremptory and dictatorial

adolescence

	[大洪水] great flood; heavy downpour; any overflowing of water
	[毁坏] ruin; lay waste; destroy; make desolate
	[断言] declare or state with confidence; put oneself forward boldly
	[青春期] state of growing up from childhood to manhood or womanhood; transitional period between youth and maturity

advent

	[伤害,危害] harm; damage; injury; something that causes damage, harm, or loss
	[老化,磨损] weakened, worn out, or broken down by old age, illness, or hard use
	[平凡的] ordinary; having no remarkable features
	[到来,出现] coming or arrival, especially of something extremely important

adverse

	[尽责的,一丝不苟的] diligent; responsible; reliable
	[讨厌,敌意] in opposing direction; harmful or unfavorable; acting or serving to oppose
	[可漂浮的,乐观的] able to float; cheerful and optimistic
	[蹲伏,弯腰] bend down; stoop low; lie close to the ground with the legs bent, as an animal when waiting for prey or in fear

aerial

	[焦虑,不安,鼓动,煽动] anxiety; extreme emotional disturbance
	[空气的,空中的] of the air or atmosphere; produced by or found in the air; performed in the air
	[约束,收缩] restrict; shrink; make smaller or narrower by binding or squeezing
	[使人愉快的] delightful; delicious; extremely pleasing to the sense of taste

aesthetic

	[分解,(使)腐烂] decay, or to cause something to decay
	[簿记员,记帐人] one who keeps accounts; one who has charge of keeping books and accounts in an office
	[审美的] elegant or tasteful; of or concerning the appreciation of beauty or good taste
	[使人愉快的] delightful; delicious; extremely pleasing to the sense of taste

affiliate

	[使隶属,接纳为成员] associate; cause a group to become part of or form a close relationship with another
	[简要] brief and compact; expressing much in few words
	[宗派,教派] class, society, or collection of individuals called by the same name; specifically, a religious sect
	[使浓缩,精简] change from a gaseous to a liquid state and fall in drops; compress or concentrate

affirm

	[背离] turn away from a principle, norm; depart; diverge
	[使自动化] replace or enhance human labor with machines
	[废除] cancel; put an end to; destroy completely
	[断言,证实,确认] state something as true; assert; confirm

affix

	[很大的,值得重视的] large enough to be noticed or to affect; perceptible
	[分配,制定] assign; distribute according to plan
	[增加,附于] fasten; append; add on; secure to something
	[拘留,使延迟] keep back or from; withhold; restrain from proceeding; stay or stop; delay

afflict

	[折磨,使苦恼] cause pain, suffering, or distress
	[磨(擦)破,擦伤处(尤指皮肤因磨擦等造成者).表面磨损] scratch; friction; the process of rubbing away the surface of something
	[(能说)两种语言的] using or able to use two languages, especially with equal or nearly equal fluency
	[年金,养老金] annual payment of allowance or income; periodical payment, amounting to a fixed sum in each year

aggregate

	[收集,聚集] gather into a mass, sum, or whole; amount to
	[折磨,使苦恼] cause pain, suffering, or distress
	[协调的] planned or accomplished together; combined
	[青春期] state of growing up from childhood to manhood or womanhood; transitional period between youth and maturity

agitation

	[焦虑,不安,鼓动,煽动] anxiety; extreme emotional disturbance
	[补足,完善] complete; consummate; make perfect
	[虽然,纵使] even though; although; notwithstanding
	[权威,独裁] weighting authority; peremptory and dictatorial

agreeable

	[扣除,减除] lead forth or out; take away, separate, or remove, in numbering, estimating, or calculating; subtract
	[增加,附于] fasten; append; add on; secure to something
	[世界主义] sophisticated; of worldwide scope
	[使人愉快的,合意的] ready to consent or submit; acceptable

airing

	[催化剂] an agent which brings about chemical change while it remains unaffected and unchanged
	[文献学] list of works of a specific author or publisher; list of writings relating to a given subject
	[晾干,通风,公开,公开讨论,散步,开汽车兜风] exposure to air for freshening or drying; exposure to public attention; radio or television broadcast
	[小卖部,临时流动餐馆,军用炊具,水壶] a vessel used by soldiers for carrying water or other drinks; snack bar or small cafeteria

albeit

	[排列,整理] set out for display or use; place in orderly arrangement
	[虽然,纵使] even though; although; notwithstanding
	[灵巧的,敏锐地] quick and skillful; neat in action or performance
	[书摊] stall where books are sold, as on the street; table with enclosed sides, for displaying books for sale

allege

	[聚合,接近] approach; tend to meet; come together
	[困扰] attack from all sides; trouble persistently; hem in
	[协调的] planned or accomplished together; combined
	[断言] state without proof; assert to be true

alleviate

	[排列,整理] set out for display or use; place in orderly arrangement
	[抵制] refrain from buying or using
	[减少,变小] dwindle; reduce; make smaller or less or to cause to appear so
	[解脱,释放,释然] provide physical relief, as from pain; make easier; remove in part

allocate

	[丢弃] throw out something from one's hand; get rid of
	[使浓缩,精简] change from a gaseous to a liquid state and fall in drops; compress or concentrate
	[学徒] works for an expert to learn a trade; beginner; learner
	[分配,制定] assign; distribute according to plan

allot

	[轴,轴心] the center around which something rotates; pivot
	[按份额分配] parcel out in parts or portions; distribute to each individual concerned; assign as a share or lot
	[看守人,管理人] a person who has responsibility for or looks after something; guardian
	[很大的,值得重视的] large enough to be noticed or to affect; perceptible

alloy

	[官僚机构] over-regulated administrative system
	[混合,减少纯度] combine; mix; make less pure; lessen or moderate
	[聚集,积累,汇集] put together or compose from materials gathered from several sources
	[稀释,淡化] weaken; make thinner or less concentrated by adding a liquid such as water

alphabetical

	[字母的,按字母顺序] arranged in customary order of the letters of a language
	[熟悉] inform about; cause to come to know personally; make familiar
	[得到,获取,源于] obtain or receive from a source; trace the origin or development of
	[用具,器具] durable goods for home or office use; device or instrument for household use

ambiguity

	[商品,日用品] goods; article of trade; advantage; benefit
	[保存,保藏] retain; protect from loss or harm; preserve; use carefully or sparingly, avoiding waste
	[模棱两可] state of being ambiguous; doubtfulness or uncertainty
	[区分,区别,分辨] set apart; distinguish; perceive or show the difference in or between

ambiguous

	[看守人,管理人] a person who has responsibility for or looks after something; guardian
	[(评判的)标准,准绳,尺度] standard of judging; any approved or established rule or test
	[模棱两可] unclear or doubtful in meaning
	[计划,设计] form by an exercise of ingenuity; invent or design

amend

	[修订,修改,变更] change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors
	[分开,拆开,分离,分遣] part; separate or disunite; disengage
	[沥青] mineral pitch; black, tarry substance, burning with a bright flame
	[(船)停泊] space for the ship to dock or anchor; allotted place; the place to sleep or stay; appointment or job

amid

	[洞穴,供居住或躲藏的洞或地道] tunnel; hole in the ground made by an animal for shelter; moving through by or as by digging
	[在…中] in the middle of; among; surrounded by
	[毗连,临近,贴近] be next to; be contiguous to; border on
	[一致,协议] settlement or compromise of conflicting opinions; written agreement between two states

amidst

	[并发的,协作的,一致的] simultaneous; coincident; occurring or operating at the same time
	[竞争,争取,争论] strive in opposition; contest; dispute; struggle for
	[组成,构成,包括,一致,符合] be made up or composed; be comprised or contained in
	[在…中] amid; in the middle of; among

amplify

	[强迫,引起] force; coerce; necessitate or pressure by force
	[选集] book of literary selections by various authors
	[放大] broaden or clarify by expanding; intensify; make larger or more powerful; increase
	[分开,拆开,分离,分遣] part; separate or disunite; disengage

analyse

	[分析] resolve anything complex into its elements; separate into parts for examination of each separately
	[小卖部,临时流动餐馆,军用炊具,水壶] a vessel used by soldiers for carrying water or other drinks; snack bar or small cafeteria
	[器械,设备] a group of parts that work together to perform a given function; appliance, or device for a particular purpose
	[直径] length of a straight line passing through the center of a circle and connecting two points on the circumference

analytical

	[分析法的,善于分析的] of analysis; resolving into elements or parts
	[行动一致的集团,政党或国家] a group of nations, parties, or persons united for common action
	[增长] make greater, as in size, extent, or quantity
	[膨胀,突出] cause to curve outward; swell up; stick out; protrude

ancestor

	[断言] state without proof; assert to be true
	[易燃的,可燃的,易燃物] capable of igniting and burning; easily aroused or excited
	[祖先,祖宗] forefather; forebear; forerunner or predecessor
	[熟悉] inform about; cause to come to know personally; make familiar

anecdote

	[使平衡] act as force or influence that balances, checks, or limits an opposite one
	[折磨,使苦恼] cause pain, suffering, or distress
	[蹲伏,弯腰] bend down; stoop low; lie close to the ground with the legs bent, as an animal when waiting for prey or in fear
	[奇闻轶事] a short account of the amusing or interesting event; short narrative; a secret story of history or biography

annihilate

	[毁灭,破坏] destroy completely; reduce to nonexistence
	[尽责的,一丝不苟的] diligent; responsible; reliable
	[深渊] deep opening in the earth surface
	[计划,设计] form by an exercise of ingenuity; invent or design

annuity

	[到来,出现] coming or arrival, especially of something extremely important
	[纪念] serve as a memorial to; honor the memory of with a ceremony
	[年金,养老金] annual payment of allowance or income; periodical payment, amounting to a fixed sum in each year
	[缩写,缩写词] shortening something by omitting parts of it

antagonism

	[折缝,皱痕] a line or long thin mark made by folding or doubling
	[分开,拆开,分离,分遣] part; separate or disunite; disengage
	[反抗,敌对] active resistance; condition of being an opposing principle, force, or factor
	[热望,热心于] seek to attain; long for; strive toward an end

antarctic

	[聚集,积累,汇集] put together or compose from materials gathered from several sources
	[修订,修改,变更] change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors
	[标题] title; chapter heading; text under illustration
	[南极的] opposite to the northern or arctic pole; relating to the southern pole or the region near it

anthology

	[选集] book of literary selections by various authors
	[协调的] planned or accomplished together; combined
	[辅助的] helper, additional or subsidiary
	[按份额分配] parcel out in parts or portions; distribute to each individual concerned; assign as a share or lot

apologetic

	[加速] move faster; cause to develop or progress more quickly; occur sooner than expected
	[道歉的,歉意的] offering or expressing an apology or excuse; serving as or containing a formal justification or defense
	[作为结果的,随之发生的] resulting; following as a logical conclusion
	[竞争,争取,争论] strive in opposition; contest; dispute; struggle for

apparatus

	[认为,视为] decide; judge; sentence; condemn
	[缩写,缩写词] shortening something by omitting parts of it
	[器械,设备] a group of parts that work together to perform a given function; appliance, or device for a particular purpose
	[必须做的,被强制的] mandatory; obligatory; required by rule

append

	[有害的] causing damage or harm; injurious
	[使人愉快的] delightful; delicious; extremely pleasing to the sense of taste
	[荒无人烟的] unpopulated; providing no shelter or sustenance; devoid of inhabitants
	[追加,附上] attach; add as supplement or appendix

appliance

	[用具,器具] durable goods for home or office use; device or instrument for household use
	[堆积,积聚,积累] pile up; collect; mount up; increase
	[保存,保持] preservation or restoration from loss, damage, or neglect
	[压下,压低] lower in spirits; press down

applicant

	[聊天,非正式谈话] chat; talk informally; engage in a spoken exchange of thoughts
	[申请人] candidate; a person who formally requests something, especially a job
	[(能说)两种语言的] using or able to use two languages, especially with equal or nearly equal fluency
	[污染,亵渎] pollute; make dirty or spotty

appraisal

	[使降级,贬低] reduce level; lower grade of something
	[评价,估价] assessment; evaluation; the classification of someone or something with respect to its worth
	[保存,保藏] retain; protect from loss or harm; preserve; use carefully or sparingly, avoiding waste
	[连续的] following one after another without interruption; sequential

appreciable

	[屏障,障碍物] hastily put together defensive barrier; obstacle
	[使惊异] affect with wonder; surprise; shock
	[很大的,值得重视的] large enough to be noticed or to affect; perceptible
	[同时发生,相符合,相巧合] occur at the same time as; correspond

apprentice

	[简要] brief and compact; expressing much in few words
	[拘留,使延迟] keep back or from; withhold; restrain from proceeding; stay or stop; delay
	[学徒] works for an expert to learn a trade; beginner; learner
	[证明,证实,宣称,授与合格证书] give certain information to; assure; make certain

approximate

	[过时的] no longer current or applicable; antiquated
	[断言,证实,确认] state something as true; assert; confirm
	[接近,近似] come near or nearer to something or someone in space, time, quality, or amount
	[使惊异] affect with wonder; surprise; shock

apt

	[舒适的,保暖的] padded or knitted covering placed especially over a teapot to keep the tea hot; cozy
	[恰当的,贴切的] likely; precisely suitable; appropriate; quick to learn or understand
	[羽毛球运动] game played on a court with light long-handled rackets
	[追加,附上] attach; add as supplement or appendix

aquatic

	[悔恨] feel or express strong disapproval of; condemn; express sorrow or grief over; regret
	[男女同校教育] system of education in which both men and women attend the same institution or classes
	[毗连,临近,贴近] be next to; be contiguous to; border on
	[与水有关系的] consisting of, relating to, or being in the water

arbitrary

	[动物尸体] the dead body of an animal, especially one slaughtered and dressed for food
	[反复无常,随机的] randomly chosen; determined by chance or impulse, and not by reason or principle
	[精神错乱] a mental disorder marked by confusion
	[托运,托人看管] give, transfer, or deliver formally, as if by signing over into the possession of another

archaic

	[传下,遗传] move downward and lower; come from; be connected by a relationship of blood
	[各式各样的,多样混合的] varied; consisting of various types mixed together
	[过时的] no longer current or applicable; antiquated
	[动物尸体] the dead body of an animal, especially one slaughtered and dressed for food

ardent

	[拘留,使延迟] keep back or from; withhold; restrain from proceeding; stay or stop; delay
	[热心的,热情的] displaying or by strong enthusiasm or devotion; passionate
	[折磨,使苦恼] cause pain, suffering, or distress
	[混乱,漫无秩序] throw into disorder; break the array of.

arduous

	[设计,发明] form, plan, or arrange in mind; transmit or give by will
	[努力,奋发] demanding great effort or labor; difficult
	[破坏,摧毁] raze; destroy; do away with completely; put an end to
	[贪婪地吃,吞食] consume; eat greedily; destroy completely

armour

	[显著的,显而易见的] noticeable; prominent; easy to notice; obvious
	[累积] increasing by successive addition
	[盔甲,保护层] defensive covering, as of metal, wood, or leather, worn to protect the body against weapons
	[破坏,摧毁] raze; destroy; do away with completely; put an end to

arouse

	[虽然,纵使] even though; although; notwithstanding
	[刺激,激起,唤醒] excite; stimulate; awaken from or as if from sleep
	[舒适的,保暖的] padded or knitted covering placed especially over a teapot to keep the tea hot; cozy
	[符合,顺应,相配,使适合] comply with; follow; fit; meet

array

	[排列,整理] set out for display or use; place in orderly arrangement
	[使平衡] act as force or influence that balances, checks, or limits an opposite one
	[争论,争辩] competing as for any profit or prize
	[得到,获取,源于] obtain or receive from a source; trace the origin or development of

ascend

	[转移,防止] prevent; turn or cause to turn off or away
	[(渐渐)上升,升高,攀登] move up or climb something; mount
	[竹,竹茎] plant of the family of grasses, and genus Bambusa, growing in tropical countries
	[听得见的] perceptible; heard or perceptible by the ear

ascent

	[攀登,上升] upward slope or grade; movement upward
	[卡路里(热量单位)] unit of heat equal to the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water by 1 degree
	[使膨胀,使扩大] make wider or larger; cause to expand; enlarge; widen
	[一百周年纪念] relating to a 100-year period; occurring once every 100 years

ascertain

	[圆周,周长] the boundary line of a circle, figure, area, or object
	[确认,确证] find out for certain; discover with certainty; make sure of
	[用具,器具] durable goods for home or office use; device or instrument for household use
	[使相互关联,使相互影响] relate; associate; bring into a mutual relation

ascribe

	[聚集,积累,汇集] put together or compose from materials gathered from several sources
	[到来,出现] coming or arrival, especially of something extremely important
	[归因于,指派] inscribe or dedicate; attribute to a specified cause, source, or origin; assign as a quality
	[耗尽,枯竭] act of emptying, reducing, or exhausting

aspiration

	[雄心,抱负] ambition; something that you hope to achieve
	[(评判的)标准,准绳,尺度] standard of judging; any approved or established rule or test
	[原告,起诉人] one who accuses; one who brings a charge of crime or fault
	[称赞,颂扬] commit, entrust, or give in charge for care or preservation; recommend as worthy of confidence or regard

aspire

	[注定,指定为] intend or choose someone or something for a particular purpose or end
	[调制,捏造] digest; convert into nourishment by the organs of nutrition
	[热望,热心于] seek to attain; long for; strive toward an end
	[转移,防止] prevent; turn or cause to turn off or away

assert

	[男女同校教育] system of education in which both men and women attend the same institution or classes
	[两边的,双边的] two-sided; mutual; involving two groups or countries
	[泄出气体,放出空气] reduce from an inflated condition; release contained air or gas from
	[断言] declare or state with confidence; put oneself forward boldly

assorted

	[赞扬,表扬] applaud; announce with great approval
	[僵局] standstill resulting from the opposition of two forces or factions; stalemate
	[各式各样的,多样混合的] varied; consisting of various types mixed together
	[洞穴,供居住或躲藏的洞或地道] tunnel; hole in the ground made by an animal for shelter; moving through by or as by digging

astound

	[限制] restrict in movement; circumscribe
	[充满,富于] be full of; be plentiful
	[同时发生,相符合,相巧合] occur at the same time as; correspond
	[使惊异] affect with wonder; surprise; shock

attain

	[获得,完成] achieve or accomplish; gain
	[动物尸体] the dead body of an animal, especially one slaughtered and dressed for food
	[官僚机构] over-regulated administrative system
	[老化,磨损] weakened, worn out, or broken down by old age, illness, or hard use

attribute

	[轴,轴心] the center around which something rotates; pivot
	[雄心,抱负] ambition; something that you hope to achieve
	[属性,声望] essential quality; reputation; honor
	[虽然,纵使] even though; although; notwithstanding

audible

	[碰撞,冲突] bump; hit something violently
	[评价,估价] assessment; evaluation; the classification of someone or something with respect to its worth
	[毁坏] ruin; lay waste; destroy; make desolate
	[听得见的] perceptible; heard or perceptible by the ear

augment

	[火山口,弹坑] a bowl-shaped opening at the top of a volcano
	[断言,证实,确认] state something as true; assert; confirm
	[增长] make greater, as in size, extent, or quantity
	[分类,按等级或类别组织安排] declare unavailable, as for security reasons; arrange or order by classes or categories

authoritative

	[权威,独裁] weighting authority; peremptory and dictatorial
	[认知的] knowing or perceiving; part of mental functions that deals with logic
	[听得见的] perceptible; heard or perceptible by the ear
	[压下,压低] lower in spirits; press down

automate

	[必须做的,被强制的] mandatory; obligatory; required by rule
	[使自动化] replace or enhance human labor with machines
	[引用,掌握] quote; adduce as an instance
	[钙] silvery, moderately hard metallic element

automation

	[自动化操作] the use of machines and computers that can operate without needing human control
	[污斑,污迹,污渍,(品行上的)污点] spot or stain, as of ink on paper; blur; a weak point or failing
	[拼凑成的,混合成的] made up of distinct parts or elements; compounded
	[(评判的)标准,准绳,尺度] standard of judging; any approved or established rule or test

autonomy

	[保存,保持] preservation or restoration from loss, damage, or neglect
	[相似的] similar or equivalent; being of equal regard; worthy of being ranked with
	[僵局] standstill resulting from the opposition of two forces or factions; stalemate
	[自治,自治权] independence; self-government or the right of self-government; self-determination

auxiliary

	[各式各样的,多样混合的] varied; consisting of various types mixed together
	[充满,富于] be full of; be plentiful
	[辅助的] helper, additional or subsidiary
	[灵巧的,敏锐地] quick and skillful; neat in action or performance

avail

	[矛盾,反驳] the assertion of contrary; denial of the truth of a statement; opposition, whether by argument or conduct
	[确认,确证] find out for certain; discover with certainty; make sure of
	[反抗,敌对] active resistance; condition of being an opposing principle, force, or factor
	[利用,效用,促进] turn to the advantage of; be of service to; profit; promote

avert

	[转移,防止] prevent; turn or cause to turn off or away
	[反射,偏转] turn aside; draw someone's attention away from something
	[盔甲,保护层] defensive covering, as of metal, wood, or leather, worn to protect the body against weapons
	[住处,住所,适应,调节,通融] living quarters provided for public convenience; something that meets a need; convenience

aviation

	[气压计,晴雨表] an instrument for determining the weight or pressure of the atmosphere
	[航空,航空学] art or science of flying; flight; aeronautics
	[传下,遗传] move downward and lower; come from; be connected by a relationship of blood
	[南极的] opposite to the northern or arctic pole; relating to the southern pole or the region near it

axis

	[轴,轴心] the center around which something rotates; pivot
	[祖先,祖宗] forefather; forebear; forerunner or predecessor
	[洞穴,供居住或躲藏的洞或地道] tunnel; hole in the ground made by an animal for shelter; moving through by or as by digging
	[在…中] in the middle of; among; surrounded by

badminton

	[纯的] morally pure in thought or conduct; decent and modest
	[授予,赠与,(专门会议)商议] bestow; present; have a conference in order to talk something over
	[羽毛球运动] game played on a court with light long-handled rackets
	[组成,构成,包括,一致,符合] be made up or composed; be comprised or contained in

baffle

	[南极的] opposite to the northern or arctic pole; relating to the southern pole or the region near it
	[挫败] frustrate as by confusing or perplexing; impede force or movement of
	[同时发生,相符合,相巧合] occur at the same time as; correspond
	[达到顶点,达到顶峰] reach the highest or most decisive point; rise to the summit

bamboo

	[竹,竹茎] plant of the family of grasses, and genus Bambusa, growing in tropical countries
	[设计,发明] form, plan, or arrange in mind; transmit or give by will
	[学徒] works for an expert to learn a trade; beginner; learner
	[(船)停泊] space for the ship to dock or anchor; allotted place; the place to sleep or stay; appointment or job

barometer

	[使惊异] affect with wonder; surprise; shock
	[使相互关联,使相互影响] relate; associate; bring into a mutual relation
	[用具,器具] durable goods for home or office use; device or instrument for household use
	[气压计,晴雨表] an instrument for determining the weight or pressure of the atmosphere

barricade

	[蹲伏,弯腰] bend down; stoop low; lie close to the ground with the legs bent, as an animal when waiting for prey or in fear
	[屏障,障碍物] hastily put together defensive barrier; obstacle
	[小卖部,临时流动餐馆,军用炊具,水壶] a vessel used by soldiers for carrying water or other drinks; snack bar or small cafeteria
	[一百周年纪念] relating to a 100-year period; occurring once every 100 years

barter

100

	[约束,收缩] restrict; shrink; make smaller or narrower by binding or squeezing
	[到来,出现] coming or arrival, especially of something extremely important
	[物品交换,易货贸易] trade goods or services without the exchange of money
	[圆周,周长] the boundary line of a circle, figure, area, or object

bead

101

	[分量或部件,选举人,投票人] component or part; citizen, voter
	[按年代顺序排列的] arranged in order of time of occurrence
	[模棱两可] unclear or doubtful in meaning
	[珠子,(液体)小滴] small piece of material, such as glass, plastic, or wood that is pierced for stringing

beautician

102

	[使人愉快的,合意的] ready to consent or submit; acceptable
	[易燃的,可燃的,易燃物] capable of igniting and burning; easily aroused or excited
	[在…中] amid; in the middle of; among
	[美容师] one skilled in giving cosmetic treatments; one who does hair styling, manicures, and other beauty treatments

beneficial

103

	[有用的] helpful; tending to promote physical well-being
	[弄脏,污染,感染] make impure or unclean by contact or mixture; pollute; defile
	[耗尽,枯竭] act of emptying, reducing, or exhausting
	[很大的,值得重视的] large enough to be noticed or to affect; perceptible

berth

104

	[簿记员,记帐人] one who keeps accounts; one who has charge of keeping books and accounts in an office
	[扣合,紧密合作] fastening device; firm grip
	[(船)停泊] space for the ship to dock or anchor; allotted place; the place to sleep or stay; appointment or job
	[行动一致的集团,政党或国家] a group of nations, parties, or persons united for common action

beset

105

	[分界线,边界] dividing line; border; frontier
	[羽毛球运动] game played on a court with light long-handled rackets
	[困扰] attack from all sides; trouble persistently; hem in
	[书摊] stall where books are sold, as on the street; table with enclosed sides, for displaying books for sale

bewilder

106

	[分析法的,善于分析的] of analysis; resolving into elements or parts
	[推论,推想,演绎] lead forth; conclude by reasoning; trace the origin or derivation of
	[确认,确证] find out for certain; discover with certainty; make sure of
	[使迷惑,使昏乱] lead into perplexity or confusion; perplex with mazes

bibliography

107

	[文献学] list of works of a specific author or publisher; list of writings relating to a given subject
	[召集,集合] cause to come together formally
	[活泼的,轻快的] marked by speed, liveliness, and vigor; energetic; swift; keen or sharp in speech or manner
	[计划,设计] form by an exercise of ingenuity; invent or design

bilateral

108

	[一致,协议] settlement or compromise of conflicting opinions; written agreement between two states
	[纪念] serve as a memorial to; honor the memory of with a ceremony
	[两边的,双边的] two-sided; mutual; involving two groups or countries
	[蹲伏,弯腰] bend down; stoop low; lie close to the ground with the legs bent, as an animal when waiting for prey or in fear

bilingual

109

	[尽责的,一丝不苟的] diligent; responsible; reliable
	[管理] administer; supply; supervise or be in charge of
	[拼凑成的,混合成的] made up of distinct parts or elements; compounded
	[(能说)两种语言的] using or able to use two languages, especially with equal or nearly equal fluency

bitumen

110

	[看守人,管理人] a person who has responsibility for or looks after something; guardian
	[沥青] mineral pitch; black, tarry substance, burning with a bright flame
	[深渊] deep opening in the earth surface
	[贪婪地吃,吞食] consume; eat greedily; destroy completely

bloc

111

	[簿记员,记帐人] one who keeps accounts; one who has charge of keeping books and accounts in an office
	[行动一致的集团,政党或国家] a group of nations, parties, or persons united for common action
	[显著的,显而易见的] noticeable; prominent; easy to notice; obvious
	[聚集,积累,汇集] put together or compose from materials gathered from several sources

blot

112

	[聊天,非正式谈话] chat; talk informally; engage in a spoken exchange of thoughts
	[按年代顺序排列的] arranged in order of time of occurrence
	[污斑,污迹,污渍,(品行上的)污点] spot or stain, as of ink on paper; blur; a weak point or failing
	[外交家,外交官] one who is in charge to deal with others, like an ambassador, who is appointed to represent a government

blunder

113

	[约束,收缩] restrict; shrink; make smaller or narrower by binding or squeezing
	[分类,按等级或类别组织安排] declare unavailable, as for security reasons; arrange or order by classes or categories
	[错误] serious mistake typically caused by ignorance or confusion
	[碰撞,冲突] bump; hit something violently

boast

114

	[相似的人或物,配对物] duplicate copy; one that closely resembles another
	[并发的,协作的,一致的] simultaneous; coincident; occurring or operating at the same time
	[(评判的)标准,准绳,尺度] standard of judging; any approved or established rule or test
	[自夸,自豪] show off oneself; speak of with excessive pride

bookcase

115

	[用具,器具] durable goods for home or office use; device or instrument for household use
	[宗派,教派] class, society, or collection of individuals called by the same name; specifically, a religious sect
	[书架] case with shelves for holding books, especially one with glazed doors
	[熟悉] inform about; cause to come to know personally; make familiar

bookkeeper

116

	[弄脏,污染,感染] make impure or unclean by contact or mixture; pollute; defile
	[认知的] knowing or perceiving; part of mental functions that deals with logic
	[簿记员,记帐人] one who keeps accounts; one who has charge of keeping books and accounts in an office
	[气压计,晴雨表] an instrument for determining the weight or pressure of the atmosphere

bookstall

117

	[放大] broaden or clarify by expanding; intensify; make larger or more powerful; increase
	[区分,区别,分辨] set apart; distinguish; perceive or show the difference in or between
	[书摊] stall where books are sold, as on the street; table with enclosed sides, for displaying books for sale
	[灵巧的,敏锐地] quick and skillful; neat in action or performance

boundary

118

	[分界线,边界] dividing line; border; frontier
	[热望,热心于] seek to attain; long for; strive toward an end
	[堆积,积聚,积累] pile up; collect; mount up; increase
	[限制] restrict in movement; circumscribe

boycott

119

	[腐蚀,挖苦] capable of burning, corroding, dissolving, or eating away by chemical action
	[抵制] refrain from buying or using
	[选集] book of literary selections by various authors
	[学徒] works for an expert to learn a trade; beginner; learner

brashness

120

	[聊天,非正式谈话] chat; talk informally; engage in a spoken exchange of thoughts
	[莽撞的,无礼的] characteristic of being brash; the trait of being rash and hasty; tasteless showiness
	[建造,创立] form by assembling or combining parts; build; create
	[断言] declare or state with confidence; put oneself forward boldly

brisk

121

	[看出,察觉到] detect; perceive, recognize, or understand something that is not clear
	[活泼的,轻快的] marked by speed, liveliness, and vigor; energetic; swift; keen or sharp in speech or manner
	[深渊] deep opening in the earth surface
	[巩固,合并] make solid; unite or press together into a compact mass; harden or make dense and firm

browse

122

	[吃草,浏览] graze; skim or glance at casually
	[宗派,教派] class, society, or collection of individuals called by the same name; specifically, a religious sect
	[勤勉的,勤奋的] assiduous; industrious; hard-working
	[选集] book of literary selections by various authors

bulge

123

	[精神错乱] a mental disorder marked by confusion
	[膨胀,突出] cause to curve outward; swell up; stick out; protrude
	[焦虑,不安,鼓动,煽动] anxiety; extreme emotional disturbance
	[男女同校教育] system of education in which both men and women attend the same institution or classes

bungalow

124

	[小平房] small house or cottage usually having a single story and attic
	[纯的] morally pure in thought or conduct; decent and modest
	[推迟,延期] delay till later; put off; hold back to a later time
	[限制] restrict in movement; circumscribe

buoyant

125

	[推迟,延期] delay till later; put off; hold back to a later time
	[老化,磨损] weakened, worn out, or broken down by old age, illness, or hard use
	[可漂浮的,乐观的] able to float; cheerful and optimistic
	[空气的,空中的] of the air or atmosphere; produced by or found in the air; performed in the air

bureaucracy

126

	[断言] state without proof; assert to be true
	[喧嚣,繁忙,熙熙攘攘] move or cause to move energetically and busily; teem
	[官僚机构] over-regulated administrative system
	[背离] turn away from a principle, norm; depart; diverge

burrow

127

	[修订,修改,变更] change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors
	[耗尽,枯竭] act of emptying, reducing, or exhausting
	[洞穴,供居住或躲藏的洞或地道] tunnel; hole in the ground made by an animal for shelter; moving through by or as by digging
	[盔甲,保护层] defensive covering, as of metal, wood, or leather, worn to protect the body against weapons

bustle

128

	[喧嚣,繁忙,熙熙攘攘] move or cause to move energetically and busily; teem
	[申请人] candidate; a person who formally requests something, especially a job
	[相应的] accompanying; analogous or equivalent in character, form, or function; comparable
	[喧闹声,嘈杂声] loud, confused, harsh noise; loud, continuous, rattling, or clanging sound

calamity

129

	[注定,指定为] intend or choose someone or something for a particular purpose or end
	[年金,养老金] annual payment of allowance or income; periodical payment, amounting to a fixed sum in each year
	[磨(擦)破,擦伤处(尤指皮肤因磨擦等造成者).表面磨损] scratch; friction; the process of rubbing away the surface of something
	[灾难,不幸] the event that brings terrible loss, lasting distress, or severe affliction; disaster; misery

calcium

130

	[空气的,空中的] of the air or atmosphere; produced by or found in the air; performed in the air
	[气压计,晴雨表] an instrument for determining the weight or pressure of the atmosphere
	[钙] silvery, moderately hard metallic element
	[分解,(使)腐烂] decay, or to cause something to decay

calorie

131

	[卡路里(热量单位)] unit of heat equal to the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water by 1 degree
	[设计,发明] form, plan, or arrange in mind; transmit or give by will
	[深渊] deep opening in the earth surface
	[物品交换,易货贸易] trade goods or services without the exchange of money

canteen

132

	[道歉的,歉意的] offering or expressing an apology or excuse; serving as or containing a formal justification or defense
	[小卖部,临时流动餐馆,军用炊具,水壶] a vessel used by soldiers for carrying water or other drinks; snack bar or small cafeteria
	[在…中] amid; in the middle of; among
	[可漂浮的,乐观的] able to float; cheerful and optimistic

caption

133

	[并发的,协作的,一致的] simultaneous; coincident; occurring or operating at the same time
	[丰富,充裕] great or plentiful amount; fullness to overflowing
	[删节,节选] condense; shorten; reduce length of written text
	[标题] title; chapter heading; text under illustration

carcass

134

	[一百周年纪念] relating to a 100-year period; occurring once every 100 years
	[盅惑] deceive mind or judgment of; lead from truth or into error; frustrate or disappoint
	[模棱两可] state of being ambiguous; doubtfulness or uncertainty
	[动物尸体] the dead body of an animal, especially one slaughtered and dressed for food

catalyst

135

	[描述] represent in a picture or sculpture; portray in words; describe
	[喧闹声,嘈杂声] loud, confused, harsh noise; loud, continuous, rattling, or clanging sound
	[自动化操作] the use of machines and computers that can operate without needing human control
	[催化剂] an agent which brings about chemical change while it remains unaffected and unchanged

caustic

136

	[分开,拆开,分离,分遣] part; separate or disunite; disengage
	[混乱,漫无秩序] throw into disorder; break the array of.
	[腐蚀,挖苦] capable of burning, corroding, dissolving, or eating away by chemical action
	[毁灭,破坏] destroy completely; reduce to nonexistence

censor

137

	[使人愉快的] delightful; delicious; extremely pleasing to the sense of taste
	[自治,自治权] independence; self-government or the right of self-government; self-determination
	[审查] overseer of morals; official responsible for removal of objectionable or sensitive content
	[辅助的] helper, additional or subsidiary

centenary

138

	[使自动化] replace or enhance human labor with machines
	[减少,变小] dwindle; reduce; make smaller or less or to cause to appear so
	[易燃的,可燃的,易燃物] capable of igniting and burning; easily aroused or excited
	[一百周年纪念] relating to a 100-year period; occurring once every 100 years

certify

139

	[青春期] state of growing up from childhood to manhood or womanhood; transitional period between youth and maturity
	[证明,证实,宣称,授与合格证书] give certain information to; assure; make certain
	[沉思,周密思考] look at attentively and thoughtfully; observe deep in thought
	[强迫,引起] force; coerce; necessitate or pressure by force

characterize

140

	[卡路里(热量单位)] unit of heat equal to the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water by 1 degree
	[称赞,颂扬] commit, entrust, or give in charge for care or preservation; recommend as worthy of confidence or regard
	[表现的特色,刻画的性格] distinguish; be characteristic of; be a distinctive trait or mark of
	[在…中] amid; in the middle of; among

chasm

141

	[深渊] deep opening in the earth surface
	[看守人,管理人] a person who has responsibility for or looks after something; guardian
	[扣合,紧密合作] fastening device; firm grip
	[协调的] planned or accomplished together; combined

chaste

142

	[追加,附上] attach; add as supplement or appendix
	[审查] overseer of morals; official responsible for removal of objectionable or sensitive content
	[修订,修改,变更] change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors
	[纯的] morally pure in thought or conduct; decent and modest

chore

143

	[家务杂事] a specific piece of work required to be done as a duty or for a specific fee
	[原来的,土著的] being the first of its kind in a region; primitive; native
	[反抗,敌对] active resistance; condition of being an opposing principle, force, or factor
	[看守人,管理人] a person who has responsibility for or looks after something; guardian

chronological

144

	[使平衡] act as force or influence that balances, checks, or limits an opposite one
	[气压计,晴雨表] an instrument for determining the weight or pressure of the atmosphere
	[按年代顺序排列的] arranged in order of time of occurrence
	[污染,亵渎] pollute; make dirty or spotty

circulate

145

	[(使)循环,(使)传播] move through space, circuit, or system, returning to the starting point
	[模棱两可] state of being ambiguous; doubtfulness or uncertainty
	[增长] make greater, as in size, extent, or quantity
	[增加,附于] fasten; append; add on; secure to something

circumference

146

	[保存,保藏] retain; protect from loss or harm; preserve; use carefully or sparingly, avoiding waste
	[授予,赠与,(专门会议)商议] bestow; present; have a conference in order to talk something over
	[圆周,周长] the boundary line of a circle, figure, area, or object
	[耕种,培养] improve and prepare, as by plowing or fertilizing, for raising crops; promote the growth of

cite

147

	[代表] a person authorized to act as a representative for another; deputy
	[破坏,摧毁] raze; destroy; do away with completely; put an end to
	[引用,掌握] quote; adduce as an instance
	[传下,遗传] move downward and lower; come from; be connected by a relationship of blood

clasp

148

	[混乱,漫无秩序] throw into disorder; break the array of.
	[盅惑] deceive mind or judgment of; lead from truth or into error; frustrate or disappoint
	[扣合,紧密合作] fastening device; firm grip
	[一致,协议] settlement or compromise of conflicting opinions; written agreement between two states

classify

149

	[过时的] no longer current or applicable; antiquated
	[各式各样的,多样混合的] varied; consisting of various types mixed together
	[巩固,合并] make solid; unite or press together into a compact mass; harden or make dense and firm
	[分类,按等级或类别组织安排] declare unavailable, as for security reasons; arrange or order by classes or categories

clockwise

150

	[顺时针方向的(地)] in the direction that the hands of a clock move
	[分析] resolve anything complex into its elements; separate into parts for examination of each separately
	[补足,完善] complete; consummate; make perfect
	[引用,掌握] quote; adduce as an instance

cluster

151

	[确认,确证] find out for certain; discover with certainty; make sure of
	[簇,串,群] group; bunch; group of the same or similar elements gathered or occurring closely
	[使惊异] affect with wonder; surprise; shock
	[两边的,双边的] two-sided; mutual; involving two groups or countries

coarse

152

	[必须做的,被强制的] mandatory; obligatory; required by rule
	[传下,遗传] move downward and lower; come from; be connected by a relationship of blood
	[粗糙的] rough; harsh; of low, common, or inferior quality
	[热望,热心于] seek to attain; long for; strive toward an end

coeducation

153

	[在…中] amid; in the middle of; among
	[传下,遗传] move downward and lower; come from; be connected by a relationship of blood
	[男女同校教育] system of education in which both men and women attend the same institution or classes
	[描述] represent in a picture or sculpture; portray in words; describe

cognitive

154

	[图表] graph; chart; figure or drawing made to illustrate a statement; plan
	[动物尸体] the dead body of an animal, especially one slaughtered and dressed for food
	[认知的] knowing or perceiving; part of mental functions that deals with logic
	[相应的] accompanying; analogous or equivalent in character, form, or function; comparable

coherent

155

	[自动化操作] the use of machines and computers that can operate without needing human control
	[符合,顺应,相配,使适合] comply with; follow; fit; meet
	[方言,土话] vocabulary that is for a specific group of people
	[粘在一起的] adhesive; sticking together; capable of thinking and expressing yourself in a clear and consistent manner

coil

156

	[贪婪地吃,吞食] consume; eat greedily; destroy completely
	[黏着] stick fast; stick to firmly; be compatible or in accordance with
	[反抗,敌对] active resistance; condition of being an opposing principle, force, or factor
	[(一)卷,线圈] a series of connected spirals or concentric rings formed by gathering or winding; spiral pipe or series of spiral pipes

coincide

157

	[精神错乱] a mental disorder marked by confusion
	[膨胀,突出] cause to curve outward; swell up; stick out; protrude
	[同时发生,相符合,相巧合] occur at the same time as; correspond
	[有害的] causing damage or harm; injurious

collaboration

158

	[方言,土话] vocabulary that is for a specific group of people
	[吊唁,哀悼] expression of sympathy with another in sorrow or grief.
	[污染,亵渎] pollute; make dirty or spotty
	[合作] act of working together; act of cooperating with an enemy, especially it occupying one's own country

collide

159

	[分解,(使)腐烂] decay, or to cause something to decay
	[使降级,贬低] reduce level; lower grade of something
	[使人愉快的] delightful; delicious; extremely pleasing to the sense of taste
	[碰撞,冲突] bump; hit something violently

combustible

160

	[易燃的,可燃的,易燃物] capable of igniting and burning; easily aroused or excited
	[卡路里(热量单位)] unit of heat equal to the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water by 1 degree
	[长期票通勤旅客,经常来往于两地之间的人] someone who regularly travels from home in a suburb to work in a city
	[减少] lessen; reduce; make a quantity smaller

commemorate

161

	[碰撞,冲突] bump; hit something violently
	[焦虑,不安,鼓动,煽动] anxiety; extreme emotional disturbance
	[纪念] serve as a memorial to; honor the memory of with a ceremony
	[珠子,(液体)小滴] small piece of material, such as glass, plastic, or wood that is pierced for stringing

commend

162

	[并发的,协作的,一致的] simultaneous; coincident; occurring or operating at the same time
	[喧闹声,嘈杂声] loud, confused, harsh noise; loud, continuous, rattling, or clanging sound
	[称赞,颂扬] commit, entrust, or give in charge for care or preservation; recommend as worthy of confidence or regard
	[污斑,污迹,污渍,(品行上的)污点] spot or stain, as of ink on paper; blur; a weak point or failing

commodity

163

	[注定,指定为] intend or choose someone or something for a particular purpose or end
	[表现的特色,刻画的性格] distinguish; be characteristic of; be a distinctive trait or mark of
	[商品,日用品] goods; article of trade; advantage; benefit
	[确认,确证] find out for certain; discover with certainty; make sure of

commonplace

164

	[书架] case with shelves for holding books, especially one with glazed doors
	[累积] increasing by successive addition
	[丰富,充裕] great or plentiful amount; fullness to overflowing
	[平凡的] ordinary; having no remarkable features

commute

165

	[舒适的,保暖的] padded or knitted covering placed especially over a teapot to keep the tea hot; cozy
	[作曲,写作,组成] write; create; make or create by putting together parts or elements
	[沥青] mineral pitch; black, tarry substance, burning with a bright flame
	[减刑,交换,折算,定期往返于两地间] obtain or bargain for exemption or substitution; regularly travel from a place of residence to another place

commuter

166

	[听得见的] perceptible; heard or perceptible by the ear
	[长期票通勤旅客,经常来往于两地之间的人] someone who regularly travels from home in a suburb to work in a city
	[追加,附上] attach; add as supplement or appendix
	[建造,创立] form by assembling or combining parts; build; create

comparable

167

	[相似的] similar or equivalent; being of equal regard; worthy of being ranked with
	[小卖部,临时流动餐馆,军用炊具,水壶] a vessel used by soldiers for carrying water or other drinks; snack bar or small cafeteria
	[火山口,弹坑] a bowl-shaped opening at the top of a volcano
	[男女同校教育] system of education in which both men and women attend the same institution or classes

compel

168

	[强迫,引起] force; coerce; necessitate or pressure by force
	[分析] resolve anything complex into its elements; separate into parts for examination of each separately
	[缩写,缩写词] shortening something by omitting parts of it
	[行动一致的集团,政党或国家] a group of nations, parties, or persons united for common action

compile

169

	[使自动化] replace or enhance human labor with machines
	[一致,协议] settlement or compromise of conflicting opinions; written agreement between two states
	[分量或部件,选举人,投票人] component or part; citizen, voter
	[聚集,积累,汇集] put together or compose from materials gathered from several sources

complement

170

	[青春期] state of growing up from childhood to manhood or womanhood; transitional period between youth and maturity
	[书架] case with shelves for holding books, especially one with glazed doors
	[补足,完善] complete; consummate; make perfect
	[保存,保藏] retain; protect from loss or harm; preserve; use carefully or sparingly, avoiding waste

compliance

171

	[美容师] one skilled in giving cosmetic treatments; one who does hair styling, manicures, and other beauty treatments
	[授予,赠与,(专门会议)商议] bestow; present; have a conference in order to talk something over
	[顺从,谦让] readiness to yield; happy friendly agreement
	[温室,音乐或戏剧学院] greenhouse; school of music or dramatic art

compose

172

	[矛盾,抵触] confront; state the opposite of what someone has said
	[僵局] standstill resulting from the opposition of two forces or factions; stalemate
	[作曲,写作,组成] write; create; make or create by putting together parts or elements
	[精神错乱] a mental disorder marked by confusion

composite

173

	[勤勉的,勤奋的] assiduous; industrious; hard-working
	[修订,修改,变更] change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors
	[拼凑成的,混合成的] made up of distinct parts or elements; compounded
	[使惊异] affect with wonder; surprise; shock

compress

174

	[稀缺,缺乏] scarcity; shortage of food; famine from failure or loss of crops
	[压缩] close; squeeze or press together; contract
	[催化剂] an agent which brings about chemical change while it remains unaffected and unchanged
	[碰撞,冲突] bump; hit something violently

comprise

175

	[用具,器具] durable goods for home or office use; device or instrument for household use
	[包括] include; consist of; be composed of
	[修订,修改,变更] change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors
	[确认,确证] find out for certain; discover with certainty; make sure of

compulsory

176

	[分开,拆开,分离,分遣] part; separate or disunite; disengage
	[达到顶点,达到顶峰] reach the highest or most decisive point; rise to the summit
	[必须做的,被强制的] mandatory; obligatory; required by rule
	[认知的] knowing or perceiving; part of mental functions that deals with logic

compute

177

	[计算] reckon; make a mathematical calculation
	[破坏,摧毁] raze; destroy; do away with completely; put an end to
	[作曲,写作,组成] write; create; make or create by putting together parts or elements
	[拥挤,拥塞] act of gathering or heaping together or forming a mass

concerted

178

	[协调的] planned or accomplished together; combined
	[世界主义] sophisticated; of worldwide scope
	[(评判的)标准,准绳,尺度] standard of judging; any approved or established rule or test
	[增加,附于] fasten; append; add on; secure to something

concise

179

	[粘在一起的] adhesive; sticking together; capable of thinking and expressing yourself in a clear and consistent manner
	[漫射的,散开的,罗嗦的,冗长的] spread out widely; scatter freely; pour out and cause to spread freely
	[喧闹声,嘈杂声] loud, confused, harsh noise; loud, continuous, rattling, or clanging sound
	[简要] brief and compact; expressing much in few words

concoct

180

	[相似的] similar or equivalent; being of equal regard; worthy of being ranked with
	[申请人] candidate; a person who formally requests something, especially a job
	[折缝,皱痕] a line or long thin mark made by folding or doubling
	[调制,捏造] digest; convert into nourishment by the organs of nutrition

concurrent

181

	[残破的,倒塌的,破旧的] in disrepair, run-down; of very poor quality or condition
	[放大] broaden or clarify by expanding; intensify; make larger or more powerful; increase
	[官僚机构] over-regulated administrative system
	[并发的,协作的,一致的] simultaneous; coincident; occurring or operating at the same time

condense

182

	[舒适的,保暖的] padded or knitted covering placed especially over a teapot to keep the tea hot; cozy
	[粗笨的,累赘] heavy; difficult to handle because of weight or bulk
	[使浓缩,精简] change from a gaseous to a liquid state and fall in drops; compress or concentrate
	[轮廓,结构] arrangement of parts or elements; outline

condolence

183

	[吊唁,哀悼] expression of sympathy with another in sorrow or grief.
	[稀缺,缺乏] scarcity; shortage of food; famine from failure or loss of crops
	[(评判的)标准,准绳,尺度] standard of judging; any approved or established rule or test
	[羽毛球运动] game played on a court with light long-handled rackets

confer

184

	[文献学] list of works of a specific author or publisher; list of writings relating to a given subject
	[保存,保藏] retain; protect from loss or harm; preserve; use carefully or sparingly, avoiding waste
	[泄出气体,放出空气] reduce from an inflated condition; release contained air or gas from
	[授予,赠与,(专门会议)商议] bestow; present; have a conference in order to talk something over

configuration

185

	[轮廓,结构] arrangement of parts or elements; outline
	[管理] administer; supply; supervise or be in charge of
	[辅助的] helper, additional or subsidiary
	[威慑,吓住] keep from; stop; prevent or discourage from acting

confine

186

	[累积] increasing by successive addition
	[分类,按等级或类别组织安排] declare unavailable, as for security reasons; arrange or order by classes or categories
	[限制] restrict in movement; circumscribe
	[沥青] mineral pitch; black, tarry substance, burning with a bright flame

conform

187

	[(使)循环,(使)传播] move through space, circuit, or system, returning to the starting point
	[使自动化] replace or enhance human labor with machines
	[世界主义] sophisticated; of worldwide scope
	[符合,顺应,相配,使适合] comply with; follow; fit; meet

congestion

188

	[拥挤,拥塞] act of gathering or heaping together or forming a mass
	[宗派,教派] class, society, or collection of individuals called by the same name; specifically, a religious sect
	[簇,串,群] group; bunch; group of the same or similar elements gathered or occurring closely
	[辅助的] helper, additional or subsidiary

congruent

189

	[增加,附于] fasten; append; add on; secure to something
	[认知的] knowing or perceiving; part of mental functions that deals with logic
	[全等的] possessing congruity; suitable; agreeing; corresponding
	[大洪水] great flood; heavy downpour; any overflowing of water

conscientious

190

	[聊天,非正式谈话] chat; talk informally; engage in a spoken exchange of thoughts
	[一百周年纪念] relating to a 100-year period; occurring once every 100 years
	[尽责的,一丝不苟的] diligent; responsible; reliable
	[拘留,使延迟] keep back or from; withhold; restrain from proceeding; stay or stop; delay

consecutive

191

	[自动化操作] the use of machines and computers that can operate without needing human control
	[连续的] following one after another without interruption; sequential
	[折磨,使苦恼] cause pain, suffering, or distress
	[纪念] serve as a memorial to; honor the memory of with a ceremony

consequent

192

	[不作为,无动于衷] failure to act; an option that is selected automatically
	[热望,热心于] seek to attain; long for; strive toward an end
	[接近,近似] come near or nearer to something or someone in space, time, quality, or amount
	[作为结果的,随之发生的] resulting; following as a logical conclusion

conservation

193

	[器械,设备] a group of parts that work together to perform a given function; appliance, or device for a particular purpose
	[气压计,晴雨表] an instrument for determining the weight or pressure of the atmosphere
	[保存,保持] preservation or restoration from loss, damage, or neglect
	[荒无人烟的] unpopulated; providing no shelter or sustenance; devoid of inhabitants

conservatory

194

	[住处,住所,适应,调节,通融] living quarters provided for public convenience; something that meets a need; convenience
	[压下,压低] lower in spirits; press down
	[温室,音乐或戏剧学院] greenhouse; school of music or dramatic art
	[困扰] attack from all sides; trouble persistently; hem in

conserve

195

	[称赞,颂扬] commit, entrust, or give in charge for care or preservation; recommend as worthy of confidence or regard
	[建立(政府),组成,构成] make up; form something
	[簿记员,记帐人] one who keeps accounts; one who has charge of keeping books and accounts in an office
	[保存,保藏] retain; protect from loss or harm; preserve; use carefully or sparingly, avoiding waste

consign

196

	[删节,节选] condense; shorten; reduce length of written text
	[托运,托人看管] give, transfer, or deliver formally, as if by signing over into the possession of another
	[原告,起诉人] one who accuses; one who brings a charge of crime or fault
	[毁坏] ruin; lay waste; destroy; make desolate

consist

197

	[灵巧的,敏锐地] quick and skillful; neat in action or performance
	[注定,指定为] intend or choose someone or something for a particular purpose or end
	[组成,构成,包括,一致,符合] be made up or composed; be comprised or contained in
	[堆积,积聚,积累] pile up; collect; mount up; increase

consolidate

198

	[巩固,合并] make solid; unite or press together into a compact mass; harden or make dense and firm
	[竞争,争取,争论] strive in opposition; contest; dispute; struggle for
	[威慑,吓住] keep from; stop; prevent or discourage from acting
	[原来的,土著的] being the first of its kind in a region; primitive; native

conspicuous

199

	[盅惑] deceive mind or judgment of; lead from truth or into error; frustrate or disappoint
	[显著的,显而易见的] noticeable; prominent; easy to notice; obvious
	[屏障,障碍物] hastily put together defensive barrier; obstacle
	[喧闹声,嘈杂声] loud, confused, harsh noise; loud, continuous, rattling, or clanging sound

constituent

200

	[刺激,激起,唤醒] excite; stimulate; awaken from or as if from sleep
	[分量或部件,选举人,投票人] component or part; citizen, voter
	[简要] brief and compact; expressing much in few words
	[腐蚀,挖苦] capable of burning, corroding, dissolving, or eating away by chemical action

constitute

201

	[年金,养老金] annual payment of allowance or income; periodical payment, amounting to a fixed sum in each year
	[描述] represent in a picture or sculpture; portray in words; describe
	[恰当的,贴切的] likely; precisely suitable; appropriate; quick to learn or understand
	[建立(政府),组成,构成] make up; form something

constrain

202

	[赞扬,表扬] applaud; announce with great approval
	[强使,强逼] restrain; keep within close bounds; confine
	[(船)停泊] space for the ship to dock or anchor; allotted place; the place to sleep or stay; appointment or job
	[平凡的] ordinary; having no remarkable features

constrict

203

	[断言] state without proof; assert to be true
	[污斑,污迹,污渍,(品行上的)污点] spot or stain, as of ink on paper; blur; a weak point or failing
	[约束,收缩] restrict; shrink; make smaller or narrower by binding or squeezing
	[簇,串,群] group; bunch; group of the same or similar elements gathered or occurring closely

construct

204

	[使自动化] replace or enhance human labor with machines
	[耗尽,枯竭] act of emptying, reducing, or exhausting
	[建造,创立] form by assembling or combining parts; build; create
	[增加,附于] fasten; append; add on; secure to something

contaminate

205

	[圆周,周长] the boundary line of a circle, figure, area, or object
	[背离] turn away from a principle, norm; depart; diverge
	[弄脏,污染,感染] make impure or unclean by contact or mixture; pollute; defile
	[自动化操作] the use of machines and computers that can operate without needing human control

contemplate

206

	[困扰] attack from all sides; trouble persistently; hem in
	[沉思,周密思考] look at attentively and thoughtfully; observe deep in thought
	[(船)停泊] space for the ship to dock or anchor; allotted place; the place to sleep or stay; appointment or job
	[污斑,污迹,污渍,(品行上的)污点] spot or stain, as of ink on paper; blur; a weak point or failing

contend

207

	[竞争,争取,争论] strive in opposition; contest; dispute; struggle for
	[压下,压低] lower in spirits; press down
	[使平衡] act as force or influence that balances, checks, or limits an opposite one
	[航空,航空学] art or science of flying; flight; aeronautics

contention

208

	[争论,争辩] competing as for any profit or prize
	[催化剂] an agent which brings about chemical change while it remains unaffected and unchanged
	[官僚机构] over-regulated administrative system
	[保存,保持] preservation or restoration from loss, damage, or neglect

continuity

209

	[贪婪地吃,吞食] consume; eat greedily; destroy completely
	[获得,完成] achieve or accomplish; gain
	[(时间或空间的)连续性,连贯性] property of a continuous and connected period of time
	[证明,证实,宣称,授与合格证书] give certain information to; assure; make certain

contradict

210

	[强使,强逼] restrain; keep within close bounds; confine
	[描述] represent in a picture or sculpture; portray in words; describe
	[矛盾,抵触] confront; state the opposite of what someone has said
	[断言] declare or state with confidence; put oneself forward boldly

contradiction

211

	[矛盾,反驳] the assertion of contrary; denial of the truth of a statement; opposition, whether by argument or conduct
	[顺从,谦让] readiness to yield; happy friendly agreement
	[各式各样的,多样混合的] varied; consisting of various types mixed together
	[吃草,浏览] graze; skim or glance at casually

contrive

212

	[表现的特色,刻画的性格] distinguish; be characteristic of; be a distinctive trait or mark of
	[世界主义] sophisticated; of worldwide scope
	[计划,设计] form by an exercise of ingenuity; invent or design
	[分类,按等级或类别组织安排] declare unavailable, as for security reasons; arrange or order by classes or categories

convene

213

	[排列,整理] set out for display or use; place in orderly arrangement
	[遗弃的,废弃的] left and abandoned; negligent in performing a duty
	[召集,集合] cause to come together formally
	[盅惑] deceive mind or judgment of; lead from truth or into error; frustrate or disappoint

converge

214

	[聚合,接近] approach; tend to meet; come together
	[沉思,周密思考] look at attentively and thoughtfully; observe deep in thought
	[删节,节选] condense; shorten; reduce length of written text
	[丢弃] throw out something from one's hand; get rid of

converse

215

	[相反地] in a converse manner; with change of order or relation; reciprocally.
	[原来的,土著的] being the first of its kind in a region; primitive; native
	[聊天,非正式谈话] chat; talk informally; engage in a spoken exchange of thoughts
	[引用,掌握] quote; adduce as an instance

conversely

216

	[虽然,纵使] even though; although; notwithstanding
	[减短,降低] cut short or reduce; cut off end or tail, or any part
	[(时间或空间的)连续性,连贯性] property of a continuous and connected period of time
	[相反地] in a converse manner; with change of order or relation; reciprocally.

correlate

217

	[使相互关联,使相互影响] relate; associate; bring into a mutual relation
	[折缝,皱痕] a line or long thin mark made by folding or doubling
	[稀缺,缺乏] scarcity; shortage of food; famine from failure or loss of crops
	[腐蚀,挖苦] capable of burning, corroding, dissolving, or eating away by chemical action

correspond

218

	[符合,协调,通信] be compatible, similar or consistent; exchange messages
	[合作] act of working together; act of cooperating with an enemy, especially it occupying one's own country
	[删节,节选] condense; shorten; reduce length of written text
	[用具,器具] durable goods for home or office use; device or instrument for household use

correspondence

219

	[通信,信件] similarity or analogy; communication by the exchange of letters
	[美容师] one skilled in giving cosmetic treatments; one who does hair styling, manicures, and other beauty treatments
	[盅惑] deceive mind or judgment of; lead from truth or into error; frustrate or disappoint
	[强使,强逼] restrain; keep within close bounds; confine

correspondent

220

	[通讯员,记者] one who communicates information, especially, by letter or telegram to newspaper or periodical
	[讨厌,敌意] in opposing direction; harmful or unfavorable; acting or serving to oppose
	[减短,降低] cut short or reduce; cut off end or tail, or any part
	[证明,证实,宣称,授与合格证书] give certain information to; assure; make certain

corresponding

221

	[粘在一起的] adhesive; sticking together; capable of thinking and expressing yourself in a clear and consistent manner
	[相应的] accompanying; analogous or equivalent in character, form, or function; comparable
	[(船)停泊] space for the ship to dock or anchor; allotted place; the place to sleep or stay; appointment or job
	[书架] case with shelves for holding books, especially one with glazed doors

cosmopolitan

222

	[通讯员,记者] one who communicates information, especially, by letter or telegram to newspaper or periodical
	[一百周年纪念] relating to a 100-year period; occurring once every 100 years
	[用具,器具] durable goods for home or office use; device or instrument for household use
	[世界主义] sophisticated; of worldwide scope

cosy

223

	[舒适的,保暖的] padded or knitted covering placed especially over a teapot to keep the tea hot; cozy
	[一百周年纪念] relating to a 100-year period; occurring once every 100 years
	[僵局] standstill resulting from the opposition of two forces or factions; stalemate
	[得到,获取,源于] obtain or receive from a source; trace the origin or development of

counterbalance

224

	[证明,证实,宣称,授与合格证书] give certain information to; assure; make certain
	[黏着] stick fast; stick to firmly; be compatible or in accordance with
	[使平衡] act as force or influence that balances, checks, or limits an opposite one
	[动物尸体] the dead body of an animal, especially one slaughtered and dressed for food

counterpart

225

	[增长] make greater, as in size, extent, or quantity
	[耗尽,枯竭] act of emptying, reducing, or exhausting
	[与水有关系的] consisting of, relating to, or being in the water
	[相似的人或物,配对物] duplicate copy; one that closely resembles another

crater

226

	[火山口,弹坑] a bowl-shaped opening at the top of a volcano
	[卡路里(热量单位)] unit of heat equal to the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water by 1 degree
	[自动化操作] the use of machines and computers that can operate without needing human control
	[(时间或空间的)连续性,连贯性] property of a continuous and connected period of time

crease

227

	[折缝,皱痕] a line or long thin mark made by folding or doubling
	[邻近的,毗邻的] adjoining; neighboring; close to; lying near
	[作曲,写作,组成] write; create; make or create by putting together parts or elements
	[世界主义] sophisticated; of worldwide scope

criterion

228

	[相似的] similar or equivalent; being of equal regard; worthy of being ranked with
	[动物尸体] the dead body of an animal, especially one slaughtered and dressed for food
	[模棱两可] unclear or doubtful in meaning
	[(评判的)标准,准绳,尺度] standard of judging; any approved or established rule or test

crouch

229

	[拼凑成的,混合成的] made up of distinct parts or elements; compounded
	[活泼的,轻快的] marked by speed, liveliness, and vigor; energetic; swift; keen or sharp in speech or manner
	[使惊异] affect with wonder; surprise; shock
	[蹲伏,弯腰] bend down; stoop low; lie close to the ground with the legs bent, as an animal when waiting for prey or in fear

culminate

230

	[表现的特色,刻画的性格] distinguish; be characteristic of; be a distinctive trait or mark of
	[按份额分配] parcel out in parts or portions; distribute to each individual concerned; assign as a share or lot
	[达到顶点,达到顶峰] reach the highest or most decisive point; rise to the summit
	[合作] act of working together; act of cooperating with an enemy, especially it occupying one's own country

cultivate

231

	[男女同校教育] system of education in which both men and women attend the same institution or classes
	[耗尽,减少] decrease fullness of; use up or empty out
	[限制] restrict in movement; circumscribe
	[耕种,培养] improve and prepare, as by plowing or fertilizing, for raising crops; promote the growth of

cumbersome

232

	[小卖部,临时流动餐馆,军用炊具,水壶] a vessel used by soldiers for carrying water or other drinks; snack bar or small cafeteria
	[拥挤,拥塞] act of gathering or heaping together or forming a mass
	[计算] reckon; make a mathematical calculation
	[粗笨的,累赘] heavy; difficult to handle because of weight or bulk

cumulative

233

	[莽撞的,无礼的] characteristic of being brash; the trait of being rash and hasty; tasteless showiness
	[累积] increasing by successive addition
	[归因于,指派] inscribe or dedicate; attribute to a specified cause, source, or origin; assign as a quality
	[小卖部,临时流动餐馆,军用炊具,水壶] a vessel used by soldiers for carrying water or other drinks; snack bar or small cafeteria

curriculum

234

	[背离] turn away from a principle, norm; depart; diverge
	[强迫,引起] force; coerce; necessitate or pressure by force
	[耕种,培养] improve and prepare, as by plowing or fertilizing, for raising crops; promote the growth of
	[学校的全部课程] the subjects comprising a course of study in a school or college; course or program

curtail

235

	[自治,自治权] independence; self-government or the right of self-government; self-determination
	[丰富,充裕] great or plentiful amount; fullness to overflowing
	[减短,降低] cut short or reduce; cut off end or tail, or any part
	[磨(擦)破,擦伤处(尤指皮肤因磨擦等造成者).表面磨损] scratch; friction; the process of rubbing away the surface of something

custodian

236

	[看守人,管理人] a person who has responsibility for or looks after something; guardian
	[使膨胀,使扩大] make wider or larger; cause to expand; enlarge; widen
	[盔甲,保护层] defensive covering, as of metal, wood, or leather, worn to protect the body against weapons
	[与水有关系的] consisting of, relating to, or being in the water

deadlock

237

	[审查] overseer of morals; official responsible for removal of objectionable or sensitive content
	[简要] brief and compact; expressing much in few words
	[认知的] knowing or perceiving; part of mental functions that deals with logic
	[僵局] standstill resulting from the opposition of two forces or factions; stalemate

dearth

238

	[奇闻轶事] a short account of the amusing or interesting event; short narrative; a secret story of history or biography
	[书摊] stall where books are sold, as on the street; table with enclosed sides, for displaying books for sale
	[讨厌,敌意] in opposing direction; harmful or unfavorable; acting or serving to oppose
	[稀缺,缺乏] scarcity; shortage of food; famine from failure or loss of crops

decompose

239

	[分解,(使)腐烂] decay, or to cause something to decay
	[字母的,按字母顺序] arranged in customary order of the letters of a language
	[标题] title; chapter heading; text under illustration
	[耗尽,枯竭] act of emptying, reducing, or exhausting

decrease

240

	[标题] title; chapter heading; text under illustration
	[使浓缩,精简] change from a gaseous to a liquid state and fall in drops; compress or concentrate
	[残破的,倒塌的,破旧的] in disrepair, run-down; of very poor quality or condition
	[减少] lessen; reduce; make a quantity smaller

decrepit

241

	[通讯员,记者] one who communicates information, especially, by letter or telegram to newspaper or periodical
	[老化,磨损] weakened, worn out, or broken down by old age, illness, or hard use
	[揭露,揭发,泄露] unclose; open; remove a cover or envelope from; lay open or expose to view
	[书摊] stall where books are sold, as on the street; table with enclosed sides, for displaying books for sale

deduce

242

	[推论,推想,演绎] lead forth; conclude by reasoning; trace the origin or derivation of
	[方言,土话] vocabulary that is for a specific group of people
	[喧闹声,嘈杂声] loud, confused, harsh noise; loud, continuous, rattling, or clanging sound
	[动物尸体] the dead body of an animal, especially one slaughtered and dressed for food

deduct

243

	[扣除,减除] lead forth or out; take away, separate, or remove, in numbering, estimating, or calculating; subtract
	[按份额分配] parcel out in parts or portions; distribute to each individual concerned; assign as a share or lot
	[保存,保持] preservation or restoration from loss, damage, or neglect
	[计算] reckon; make a mathematical calculation

deem

244

	[碰撞,冲突] bump; hit something violently
	[残破的,倒塌的,破旧的] in disrepair, run-down; of very poor quality or condition
	[认为,视为] decide; judge; sentence; condemn
	[选集] book of literary selections by various authors

default

245

	[揭露,揭发,泄露] unclose; open; remove a cover or envelope from; lay open or expose to view
	[不作为,无动于衷] failure to act; an option that is selected automatically
	[羽毛球运动] game played on a court with light long-handled rackets
	[老化,磨损] weakened, worn out, or broken down by old age, illness, or hard use

defer

246

	[自治,自治权] independence; self-government or the right of self-government; self-determination
	[折缝,皱痕] a line or long thin mark made by folding or doubling
	[易燃的,可燃的,易燃物] capable of igniting and burning; easily aroused or excited
	[推迟,延期] delay till later; put off; hold back to a later time

defiance

247

	[争论,争辩] competing as for any profit or prize
	[抵抗,不屈服] refusal to yield; readiness to contend or resist
	[必须做的,被强制的] mandatory; obligatory; required by rule
	[认为,视为] decide; judge; sentence; condemn

defile

248

	[并发的,协作的,一致的] simultaneous; coincident; occurring or operating at the same time
	[顺时针方向的(地)] in the direction that the hands of a clock move
	[污染,亵渎] pollute; make dirty or spotty
	[断言] state without proof; assert to be true

deflate

249

	[分析法的,善于分析的] of analysis; resolving into elements or parts
	[泄出气体,放出空气] reduce from an inflated condition; release contained air or gas from
	[认为,视为] decide; judge; sentence; condemn
	[宗派,教派] class, society, or collection of individuals called by the same name; specifically, a religious sect

deflect

250

	[减少,变小] dwindle; reduce; make smaller or less or to cause to appear so
	[反射,偏转] turn aside; draw someone's attention away from something
	[推论,推想,演绎] lead forth; conclude by reasoning; trace the origin or derivation of
	[授予,赠与,(专门会议)商议] bestow; present; have a conference in order to talk something over

defraud

251

	[减刑,交换,折算,定期往返于两地间] obtain or bargain for exemption or substitution; regularly travel from a place of residence to another place
	[诈取,诈骗,骗取] deprive of some right, interest, or property, by a deceitful device
	[揭露,揭发,泄露] unclose; open; remove a cover or envelope from; lay open or expose to view
	[沉思,周密思考] look at attentively and thoughtfully; observe deep in thought

deft

252

	[属性,声望] essential quality; reputation; honor
	[毁坏] ruin; lay waste; destroy; make desolate
	[灵巧的,敏锐地] quick and skillful; neat in action or performance
	[强使,强逼] restrain; keep within close bounds; confine

degrade

253

	[使降级,贬低] reduce level; lower grade of something
	[南极的] opposite to the northern or arctic pole; relating to the southern pole or the region near it
	[可漂浮的,乐观的] able to float; cheerful and optimistic
	[包括] include; consist of; be composed of

delectable

254

	[小卖部,临时流动餐馆,军用炊具,水壶] a vessel used by soldiers for carrying water or other drinks; snack bar or small cafeteria
	[使人愉快的] delightful; delicious; extremely pleasing to the sense of taste
	[熟悉] inform about; cause to come to know personally; make familiar
	[小平房] small house or cottage usually having a single story and attic

delegate

255

	[代表] a person authorized to act as a representative for another; deputy
	[相似的人或物,配对物] duplicate copy; one that closely resembles another
	[热心的,热情的] displaying or by strong enthusiasm or devotion; passionate
	[删节,节选] condense; shorten; reduce length of written text

delirium

256

	[折磨,使苦恼] cause pain, suffering, or distress
	[外交家,外交官] one who is in charge to deal with others, like an ambassador, who is appointed to represent a government
	[扣除,减除] lead forth or out; take away, separate, or remove, in numbering, estimating, or calculating; subtract
	[精神错乱] a mental disorder marked by confusion

delude

257

	[喧嚣,繁忙,熙熙攘攘] move or cause to move energetically and busily; teem
	[盅惑] deceive mind or judgment of; lead from truth or into error; frustrate or disappoint
	[看出,察觉到] detect; perceive, recognize, or understand something that is not clear
	[自夸,自豪] show off oneself; speak of with excessive pride

deluge

258

	[大洪水] great flood; heavy downpour; any overflowing of water
	[背离] turn away from a principle, norm; depart; diverge
	[断言,证实,确认] state something as true; assert; confirm
	[拥挤,拥塞] act of gathering or heaping together or forming a mass

demolish

259

	[指定,任命] indicate or specify; point out; assign a name or title to
	[扣合,紧密合作] fastening device; firm grip
	[污染,亵渎] pollute; make dirty or spotty
	[破坏,摧毁] raze; destroy; do away with completely; put an end to

denomination

260

	[权威,独裁] weighting authority; peremptory and dictatorial
	[宗派,教派] class, society, or collection of individuals called by the same name; specifically, a religious sect
	[大洪水] great flood; heavy downpour; any overflowing of water
	[作为结果的,随之发生的] resulting; following as a logical conclusion

denote

261

	[吃草,浏览] graze; skim or glance at casually
	[羽毛球运动] game played on a court with light long-handled rackets
	[恰当的,贴切的] likely; precisely suitable; appropriate; quick to learn or understand
	[指示,表示] indicate; signify directly; refer to specifically

depict

262

	[珠子,(液体)小滴] small piece of material, such as glass, plastic, or wood that is pierced for stringing
	[补足,完善] complete; consummate; make perfect
	[描述] represent in a picture or sculpture; portray in words; describe
	[圆周,周长] the boundary line of a circle, figure, area, or object

deplete

263

	[耗尽,减少] decrease fullness of; use up or empty out
	[用具,器具] durable goods for home or office use; device or instrument for household use
	[恰当的,贴切的] likely; precisely suitable; appropriate; quick to learn or understand
	[强使,强逼] restrain; keep within close bounds; confine

depletion

264

	[召集,集合] cause to come together formally
	[破坏,摧毁] raze; destroy; do away with completely; put an end to
	[肮脏的,褪色的] darkened with smoke and grime; dirty or discolored
	[耗尽,枯竭] act of emptying, reducing, or exhausting

deplore

265

	[悔恨] feel or express strong disapproval of; condemn; express sorrow or grief over; regret
	[证明,证实,宣称,授与合格证书] give certain information to; assure; make certain
	[自夸,自豪] show off oneself; speak of with excessive pride
	[平凡的] ordinary; having no remarkable features

depress

266

	[排列,整理] set out for display or use; place in orderly arrangement
	[压下,压低] lower in spirits; press down
	[折缝,皱痕] a line or long thin mark made by folding or doubling
	[恰当的,贴切的] likely; precisely suitable; appropriate; quick to learn or understand

derelict

267

	[遗弃的,废弃的] left and abandoned; negligent in performing a duty
	[(船)停泊] space for the ship to dock or anchor; allotted place; the place to sleep or stay; appointment or job
	[住处,住所,适应,调节,通融] living quarters provided for public convenience; something that meets a need; convenience
	[吃草,浏览] graze; skim or glance at casually

derive

268

	[审查] overseer of morals; official responsible for removal of objectionable or sensitive content
	[盅惑] deceive mind or judgment of; lead from truth or into error; frustrate or disappoint
	[得到,获取,源于] obtain or receive from a source; trace the origin or development of
	[全等的] possessing congruity; suitable; agreeing; corresponding

descend

269

	[传下,遗传] move downward and lower; come from; be connected by a relationship of blood
	[连续的] following one after another without interruption; sequential
	[缩写,缩写词] shortening something by omitting parts of it
	[混乱,漫无秩序] throw into disorder; break the array of.

designate

270

	[指定,任命] indicate or specify; point out; assign a name or title to
	[保存,保持] preservation or restoration from loss, damage, or neglect
	[喧闹声,嘈杂声] loud, confused, harsh noise; loud, continuous, rattling, or clanging sound
	[盔甲,保护层] defensive covering, as of metal, wood, or leather, worn to protect the body against weapons

desolate

271

	[荒无人烟的] unpopulated; providing no shelter or sustenance; devoid of inhabitants
	[宗派,教派] class, society, or collection of individuals called by the same name; specifically, a religious sect
	[设计,发明] form, plan, or arrange in mind; transmit or give by will
	[毁坏] ruin; lay waste; destroy; make desolate

destine

272

	[区分,区别,分辨] set apart; distinguish; perceive or show the difference in or between
	[认为,视为] decide; judge; sentence; condemn
	[卡路里(热量单位)] unit of heat equal to the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water by 1 degree
	[注定,指定为] intend or choose someone or something for a particular purpose or end

detach

273

	[盅惑] deceive mind or judgment of; lead from truth or into error; frustrate or disappoint
	[分开,拆开,分离,分遣] part; separate or disunite; disengage
	[灵巧的,敏锐地] quick and skillful; neat in action or performance
	[选集] book of literary selections by various authors

detain

274

	[世界主义] sophisticated; of worldwide scope
	[利用,效用,促进] turn to the advantage of; be of service to; profit; promote
	[拘留,使延迟] keep back or from; withhold; restrain from proceeding; stay or stop; delay
	[计划,设计] form by an exercise of ingenuity; invent or design

deter

275

	[威慑,吓住] keep from; stop; prevent or discourage from acting
	[有害的] causing damage or harm; injurious
	[行动一致的集团,政党或国家] a group of nations, parties, or persons united for common action
	[减刑,交换,折算,定期往返于两地间] obtain or bargain for exemption or substitution; regularly travel from a place of residence to another place

detriment

276

	[伤害,危害] harm; damage; injury; something that causes damage, harm, or loss
	[丰富,充裕] great or plentiful amount; fullness to overflowing
	[简要] brief and compact; expressing much in few words
	[保存,保持] preservation or restoration from loss, damage, or neglect

detrimental

277

	[深渊] deep opening in the earth surface
	[包括] include; consist of; be composed of
	[用具,器具] durable goods for home or office use; device or instrument for household use
	[有害的] causing damage or harm; injurious

devastate

278

	[晾干,通风,公开,公开讨论,散步,开汽车兜风] exposure to air for freshening or drying; exposure to public attention; radio or television broadcast
	[争论,争辩] competing as for any profit or prize
	[污斑,污迹,污渍,(品行上的)污点] spot or stain, as of ink on paper; blur; a weak point or failing
	[毁坏] ruin; lay waste; destroy; make desolate

deviate

279

	[确认,确证] find out for certain; discover with certainty; make sure of
	[腐蚀,挖苦] capable of burning, corroding, dissolving, or eating away by chemical action
	[书架] case with shelves for holding books, especially one with glazed doors
	[背离] turn away from a principle, norm; depart; diverge

devise

280

	[确认,确证] find out for certain; discover with certainty; make sure of
	[弄脏,污染,感染] make impure or unclean by contact or mixture; pollute; defile
	[设计,发明] form, plan, or arrange in mind; transmit or give by will
	[污染,亵渎] pollute; make dirty or spotty

devour

281

	[学徒] works for an expert to learn a trade; beginner; learner
	[组成,构成,包括,一致,符合] be made up or composed; be comprised or contained in
	[贪婪地吃,吞食] consume; eat greedily; destroy completely
	[温室,音乐或戏剧学院] greenhouse; school of music or dramatic art

diagnose

282

	[直径] length of a straight line passing through the center of a circle and connecting two points on the circumference
	[残破的,倒塌的,破旧的] in disrepair, run-down; of very poor quality or condition
	[诊断] analyze; examine; identify the cause of something
	[争论,争辩] competing as for any profit or prize

diagram

283

	[保存,保持] preservation or restoration from loss, damage, or neglect
	[图表] graph; chart; figure or drawing made to illustrate a statement; plan
	[废除] cancel; put an end to; destroy completely
	[背离] turn away from a principle, norm; depart; diverge

dialect

284

	[方言,土话] vocabulary that is for a specific group of people
	[归因于,指派] inscribe or dedicate; attribute to a specified cause, source, or origin; assign as a quality
	[竞争,争取,争论] strive in opposition; contest; dispute; struggle for
	[挫败] frustrate as by confusing or perplexing; impede force or movement of

diameter

285

	[追加,附上] attach; add as supplement or appendix
	[纯的] morally pure in thought or conduct; decent and modest
	[(时间或空间的)连续性,连贯性] property of a continuous and connected period of time
	[直径] length of a straight line passing through the center of a circle and connecting two points on the circumference

differentiate

286

	[背离] turn away from a principle, norm; depart; diverge
	[使人愉快的] delightful; delicious; extremely pleasing to the sense of taste
	[舒适的,保暖的] padded or knitted covering placed especially over a teapot to keep the tea hot; cozy
	[区分,区别,分辨] set apart; distinguish; perceive or show the difference in or between

diffuse

287

	[漫射的,散开的,罗嗦的,冗长的] spread out widely; scatter freely; pour out and cause to spread freely
	[祖先,祖宗] forefather; forebear; forerunner or predecessor
	[(一)卷,线圈] a series of connected spirals or concentric rings formed by gathering or winding; spiral pipe or series of spiral pipes
	[喧闹声,嘈杂声] loud, confused, harsh noise; loud, continuous, rattling, or clanging sound

dilapidated

288

	[分量或部件,选举人,投票人] component or part; citizen, voter
	[残破的,倒塌的,破旧的] in disrepair, run-down; of very poor quality or condition
	[缩写,缩写词] shortening something by omitting parts of it
	[舒适的,保暖的] padded or knitted covering placed especially over a teapot to keep the tea hot; cozy

dilate

289

	[丰富,充裕] great or plentiful amount; fullness to overflowing
	[补足,完善] complete; consummate; make perfect
	[压下,压低] lower in spirits; press down
	[使膨胀,使扩大] make wider or larger; cause to expand; enlarge; widen

diligent

290

	[残破的,倒塌的,破旧的] in disrepair, run-down; of very poor quality or condition
	[勤勉的,勤奋的] assiduous; industrious; hard-working
	[航空,航空学] art or science of flying; flight; aeronautics
	[全等的] possessing congruity; suitable; agreeing; corresponding

dilute

291

	[减少,变小] dwindle; reduce; make smaller or less or to cause to appear so
	[认知的] knowing or perceiving; part of mental functions that deals with logic
	[稀释,淡化] weaken; make thinner or less concentrated by adding a liquid such as water
	[伤害,危害] harm; damage; injury; something that causes damage, harm, or loss

diminish

292

	[耗尽,枯竭] act of emptying, reducing, or exhausting
	[申请人] candidate; a person who formally requests something, especially a job
	[减少,变小] dwindle; reduce; make smaller or less or to cause to appear so
	[减少] lessen; reduce; make a quantity smaller

din

293

	[南极的] opposite to the northern or arctic pole; relating to the southern pole or the region near it
	[必须做的,被强制的] mandatory; obligatory; required by rule
	[全等的] possessing congruity; suitable; agreeing; corresponding
	[喧闹声,嘈杂声] loud, confused, harsh noise; loud, continuous, rattling, or clanging sound

dingy

294

	[反复无常,随机的] randomly chosen; determined by chance or impulse, and not by reason or principle
	[肮脏的,褪色的] darkened with smoke and grime; dirty or discolored
	[学校的全部课程] the subjects comprising a course of study in a school or college; course or program
	[调制,捏造] digest; convert into nourishment by the organs of nutrition

diplomat

295

	[按份额分配] parcel out in parts or portions; distribute to each individual concerned; assign as a share or lot
	[祖先,祖宗] forefather; forebear; forerunner or predecessor
	[动物尸体] the dead body of an animal, especially one slaughtered and dressed for food
	[外交家,外交官] one who is in charge to deal with others, like an ambassador, who is appointed to represent a government

disarray

296

	[混乱,漫无秩序] throw into disorder; break the array of.
	[达到顶点,达到顶峰] reach the highest or most decisive point; rise to the summit
	[断言] declare or state with confidence; put oneself forward boldly
	[奇闻轶事] a short account of the amusing or interesting event; short narrative; a secret story of history or biography

discard

297

	[丢弃] throw out something from one's hand; get rid of
	[小卖部,临时流动餐馆,军用炊具,水壶] a vessel used by soldiers for carrying water or other drinks; snack bar or small cafeteria
	[协调的] planned or accomplished together; combined
	[年金,养老金] annual payment of allowance or income; periodical payment, amounting to a fixed sum in each year

discern

298

	[看出,察觉到] detect; perceive, recognize, or understand something that is not clear
	[易燃的,可燃的,易燃物] capable of igniting and burning; easily aroused or excited
	[增长] make greater, as in size, extent, or quantity
	[用具,器具] durable goods for home or office use; device or instrument for household use

disclose

299

	[洞穴,供居住或躲藏的洞或地道] tunnel; hole in the ground made by an animal for shelter; moving through by or as by digging
	[注定,指定为] intend or choose someone or something for a particular purpose or end
	[揭露,揭发,泄露] unclose; open; remove a cover or envelope from; lay open or expose to view
	[(船)停泊] space for the ship to dock or anchor; allotted place; the place to sleep or stay; appointment or job

discord

300

	[冲突的,不和谐的] conflict; lack of agreement among persons, groups, or things
	[美容师] one skilled in giving cosmetic treatments; one who does hair styling, manicures, and other beauty treatments
	[相反地] in a converse manner; with change of order or relation; reciprocally.
	[原来的,土著的] being the first of its kind in a region; primitive; native

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