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3000 ECPE Vocabulary (A): Print Flashcard

abbreviate
v. Syn. shorten
(संक्षिप्त) make shorter; reduce to shorter form intended to represent full form, as for word or phrase
abbreviation
n.
(संक्षिप्त) shortening something by omitting parts of it
abnormal
a. Syn. anomalous; unusual
(असामान्य) unusual; not typical; not normal
aboard
ad.
(boardinghouse) on a ship, train, plane or other vehicle; in or into a group, organization, or business
abort
v. Syn. failure; terminate
(गर्भपात) stop; terminate before completion; terminate a pregnancy
abrasion
n. Syn. scratch; friction
(घर्षण) scratch; friction
abrasive
a.
(निष्फल अपघर्षक) rubbing away; tending to grind down
abrupt
a. Syn. sudden; unforeseen
(अचानक) broken off; very steep; having sudden transitions from one subject to another
absence
n.
(अनुपस्थिति) state of being absent; state of being away
absentee
n.
(अनुपस्थित) one who is absent or not in residence
absolute
a. Syn. complete; certain
(फरार पूर्ण) perfect in quality or nature; complete; totally unlimited; certain
absolutely
ad. Syn. utterly; definitely
(परित्यक्त बिल्कुल) utterly; definitely
absorb
v. Syn. monopolize; receive
(अवशोषित) assimilate or incorporate; suck or drink up; occupy full attention
absorption
n. Syn. assimilation; reception
(अवशोषण) process of absorbing nutrients into the body after digestion; state of mental concentration
abstract
a. Syn. theoretical; abstruse
(अमूर्त) theoretical; not concrete; not applied or practical; difficult to understand
absurd
a. Syn. preposterous; ridiculous; foolish
(बेतुका) preposterous; ridiculously incongruous or unreasonable; foolish
abundance
n. Syn. profusion; richness
(बहुतायत) great or plentiful amount; fullness to overflowing
abundant
a. Syn. plentiful
(प्रचुर) plentiful; possessing riches or resources
abuse
n. Syn. misuse
(दुरुपयोग) improper use or handling; misuse
academic
a. Syn. scholarly; collegiate; theoretical
(शैक्षणिक) related to school; not practical or directly useful; relating to scholarly organization; based on formal education
accelerate
v. Syn. speed; hasten
(तेजी लाने) move faster; cause to develop or progress more quickly; occur sooner than expected
accelerated
a. Syn. rapid
(त्वरक) rapid; caused to move faster
accessory
n. Syn. adjunct; appendage
(सहायक) additional object; useful but not essential thing; subordinate or supplementary item
accidental
a. Syn. unexpected; unforeseen
(आकस्मिक) unexpected; unforeseen
accommodate
v. Syn. adapt; oblige
(समायोजित) do a favor or service for; provide for; supply with; make suitable; adapt; allow for
accompany
v.
(साथ) travel with; be associated with
accomplished
a. Syn. skilled; experienced
(पूरा) skilled; experienced; having many social graces; polished or refined
accountable
a.
(जवाबदेह) liable to being called to account; answerable; responsible; something that can be explained
accountant
n.
(लेखाकार) one who maintains and audits business accounts
accounting
n.
(लेखांकन) system that provides quantitative information about finances
accumulate
v. Syn. collect
(लाजिमी जमा) pile up; collect; mount up; increase
accuracy
n.
(शुद्धता) quality of nearness to the truth or the true value
accurate
a. Syn. precise; correct
(सटीक) capable of providing a correct reading or measurement; performing with care and precision
achieve
v. Syn. accomplish; fulfill
(प्राप्त) gain with effort; accomplish; fulfill
acid
n.
(एसिड) sour; water-soluble compounds having a sour taste; quality of being sarcastic, bitter, or scornful
acidic
a.
(त्वरित अम्लीय) tasting sour like acid; being or containing an acid
acidity
n.
(अम्लता) pH values below 7; taste experience when something acidic is taken into the mouth
acquaintance
n.
(परिचय) personal knowledge or information about someone or something
acquire
v. Syn. obtain; gain
(अधिग्रहण) gain through experience or effort; gain possession of; locate with tracking system
acquisition
n. Syn. acquirement; attainment
(अधिग्रहण) act of contracting or assuming or acquiring possession of something
activate
v. Syn. encourage; stimulate
(सक्रिय) make active or more active; stimulate; make radioactive
actual
a. Syn. true; real
(वास्तविक) true; real; being, existing, or acting at the present moment; current
actually
ad. Syn. truly; really
(वास्तव में) truly; really; in fact
actuate
v. Syn. motivate; activate
(अत्यधिक) put into motion or action; activate
acumen
n. Syn. acuteness; insight
(कुशाग्र बुद्धि) mental keenness; quickness of perception
acupuncture
n.
(एक्यूपंक्चर) treatment of pain or disease by inserting the tips of needles at specific points on the skin
acute
a. Syn. keen; sharp
(तीव्र) quickly perceptive; keen; having a sharp point or tip; extremely sharp or severe
adapt
v. Syn. alter; modify
(अनुकूलन) make fit for; change to suit a new purpose
adaptation
n. Syn. modification; adjustment
(अनुकूलन) modification; alteration or adjustment in structure or habits
addict
v.
(लत) cause someone to become dependent; indulge in; be devoted to
adequate
a. Syn. sufficient; enough
(पर्याप्त) sufficient; enough to meet a purpose
adhere
v. Syn. stick; bond
(पालन) stick fast; stick to firmly; be compatible or in accordance with
adhesive
a. Syn. sticky; glutinous
(चिपकने) sticky; glutinous; tending to persist
adjoining
a. Syn. neighboring; adjacent
(सटे) neighboring; being in contact at some point or line; joining to
adjunct
n. Syn. addition; accessory
(सहायक) something added on or attached generally nonessential or inferior
adjustment
n.
(समायोजन) making or becoming suitable; adjusting to circumstances
administer
v. Syn. govern; supervise
(प्रबंधन करना) govern; supervise; give or apply medications
administration
n. Syn. management; supervision; executive
(प्रशासन) management; supervision; people who are in charge for management; activity of government for powers and duties
administrative
a.
(प्रशासनिक) of or relating to or responsible for administration
administrator
n.
(व्यवस्थापक) one who manages a government agency or department
admire
v. Syn. esteem; appreciate
(प्रशंसा) regard with wonder or astonishment; view with surprise; marvel at
admission
n. Syn. admittance; entrance; access
(प्रशासन प्रवेश) act or practice of admitting; power or permission to enter
admit
v.
(मानता हूँ) permit to enter; receive; provide the right or a means of entrance to
advancement
n. Syn. progress; promotion
(उन्नति) progress; promotion; forward step; improvement
adventure
n. Syn. risk; venture
(साहसिक) something happens without design; chance; hazard; risk; danger
adventurer
n.
(साहसिक) one who enjoys exciting, dangerous activities, often in foreign countries
adventurous
a. Syn. valiant; venturesome
(साहसिक) valiant; venturesome; inclined or willing to incur hazard or engage in adventures
adversely
ad. Syn. negatively; detrimentally
(प्रतिकूल) negatively; in an adverse manner; oppositely; inimically; offensively; unfortunately
adversity
n. Syn. poverty; misfortune
(विपत्ति) state of misfortune, hardship, or affliction; misfortune
advertise
v. Syn. notify
(हवाई) give notice to; inform or apprise; make known; give public notice of
advocate
v. Syn. urge; support
(वकील) speak, plead, or argue in favour of; plead for; push for something
aerodynamics
n.
(वायुगतिकी) study of how objects move through the air or water
affected
a. Syn. artificial; pretended
(प्रभावित) speaking or behaving in artificial way; emotionally stirred or moved; infected or attacked
affective
a. Syn. sentimental
(भावात्मक) sentimental; emotional; emotionally charged
affinity
n. Syn. kinship
(आकर्षण) natural attraction, liking, or feeling of kinship; relationship by marriage
afflict
v. Syn. plague; suffer; torment
(दु: ख) cause pain, suffering or distress
afford
v. Syn. pay; risk
(खरीद) pay; provide; have the financial means for; bear the cost of
aggravate
v. Syn. worsen; exacerbate
(बढ़) worsen; make worse or more troublesome
aggregation
n.
(एकत्रीकरण) several things grouped together or considered as a whole
agile
a. Syn. nimble; brisk
(फुर्तीली) moving quickly and lightly; mentally quick
agility
n.
(चपलता) mentally quick; moving quickly and lightly
agony
n.
(व्यथा) extreme pain of mind or body; anguish; last struggle of life; death struggle
agreeable
a. Syn. pleasing; acceptable
(सहमत) ready to consent or submit; acceptable
agriculture
n.
(कृषि) practice of cultivating the land or raising stock
ailment
n. Syn. sickness; illness; affliction
(बीमारी) sickness; illness; affliction
aim
n. Syn. objective; object; plan
(उद्देश्य) point or direct towards an object or spot with the intent of hitting it
aircraft
n.
(विमान) vehicle that can fly, such as an airplane, helicopter, balloon
airsickness
n.
(airsickness) motion sickness experienced while traveling by air
akin
a. Syn. related; similar
(सदृश) of the same kin; related by blood
alchemy
n.
(कीमिया) medieval chemistry; magical or mysterious power or process of transforming
alder
n.
(alder) north temperate shrubs or trees having toothed leaves and cone like fruit
alert
n.
(चेतावनी) warning serves; alarm; condition of heightened watchfulness or preparation for action
alienate
v. Syn. estrange; transfer; separate
(विमुख) cause to become unfriendly or hostile; transfer property or ownership; isolate or dissociate emotionally
alike
a. Syn. similar; resembling
(एक जैसे) similar; in the same manner or to the same degree
allegation
n.
(आरोप) suggestion without proof that someone has done something wrong
allegiance
n. Syn. loyalty; fidelity
(निष्ठा) loyalty to a nation, sovereign, or cause; fidelity to any person or thing; devotion
alliteration
n.
(अनुप्रास) repetition of beginning sound in poetry
allowance
n. Syn. authorization; permission
(भत्ता) approval; act of allowing, granting, or admitting
alloy
n. Syn. mixture; amalgam
(मिश्र) mixture; combination of diverse things
allude
v. Syn. imply; refer
(संकेत करना) refer casually or indirectly, or by suggestion
alone
a. Syn. solitary; by oneself
(अकेला) solitary; by oneself
alongside
ad.
(साथ) along or by the side; side by side with
alter
v. Syn. modify; change; convert
(बदल) modify; cause to change; make different; convert
alteration
n. Syn. renovation; change
(परिवर्तन) passage from one form or state to another; change
alternate
a. Syn. substitute
(वैकल्पिक) happening or following in turns; succeeding each other continuously; substitute
alternately
ad.
(एकांतर) one after another; succeeding by turns
alternation
n.
(प्रत्यावर्तन) successive change from one thing or state to another and back again
alternative
a.
(वैकल्पिक) one of two or more things, ideas or courses of action that may be used; option; choice
altitude
n. Syn. elevation; height
(ऊंचाई) elevation especially above sea level; height
aluminum
n.
(एल्यूमीनियम) silvery ductile metallic element
amateur
a. Syn. nonprofessional; inexpert
(शौकिया) nonprofessional; lacking the skill of a professional, as in an art
amaze
v. Syn. stun; astonish; shock
(विस्मित) astonish; affect with wonder
amazement
n. Syn. wonder; surprise
(विस्मय) wonder; state of extreme surprise or wonder; astonishment
ambience
n. Syn. environment; atmosphere
(माहौल) particular environment or surrounding influence; atmosphere of environment
ambitious
a. Syn. aspiring; enterprising
(महत्वाकांक्षी) aspiring; having a strong desire for success or achievement
ambivalence
n.
(ambivalence) state of having contradictory or conflicting emotional attitudes, such as love and hate
ambivalent
a. Syn. mixed; contradictory
(ambivalent) mixed; experiencing or expressing opposing or contradictory feelings
amble
n. Syn. stroll
(टहलना) moving at an easy pace; walk slowly or leisurely
amenable
a. Syn. responsible; accountable
(उत्तरदायी) responsive to advice or suggestion; responsible to higher authority; willing to comply with; agreeable
amends
n.
(क्षतिपूर्ति) compensation for a loss or injury; recompense; reparation
amenity
n.
(सुविधा) pleasantness resulting from agreeable conditions
ammunition
n. Syn. weapon
(गोला बारूद) military stores or provisions; articles used in weapons, as powder, balls, shot, shells
amnesia
n.
(स्मृतिलोप) partial or total loss of memory, usually resulting from shock or illness
amount
n. Syn. quantity; sum
(राशि) total of two or more quantities; aggregate; sum
ample
a. Syn. abundant
(पर्याप्त) more than enough in size or scope or capacity; fairly large
amuse
v. Syn. absorb; distract; bewilder
(बीच का विश्लेषण) occupy in an agreeable, pleasing, or entertaining fashion; cause laughter or be funny; delude or deceive
analogy
n. Syn. similarity; parallelism
(सादृश्य) similarity in some respects; comparison based on similarity
analysis
n. Syn. study; investigation
(विश्लेषण) study; investigation; process of breaking down a substance into its constituent parts
anarchist
n. Syn. rebel
(अराजकतावादी) person who seeks to overturn established government; advocate of abolishing authority
anchor
v. Syn. fasten
(लंगर) secure or fasten firmly; be fixed in place; narrate or coordinate
anecdote
n. Syn. episode; story
(किस्सा) short account of amusing or interesting event; short narrative; secret story of history or biography
anesthetic
n.
(संवेदनाहारी) substance that causes loss of sensation; producing temporary loss or impairment of feeling
angular
a.
(कोणीय) sharp-cornered; consisting of an angle or angles; stiff in manner
announcer
n.
(उद्घोषक) one who proclaims a message publicly
annoy
v. Syn. disturb; irritate
(मनोरंजन परेशान) disturb, especially by minor irritations; irritate
annual
a.
(वार्षिक) occurring or payable every year
annually
ad. Syn. yearly
(वार्षिक) yearly; each year; returning every year; year by year
anthem
n. Syn. song; hymn
(गान) song of praise or patriotism; song of devotion or loyalty
anthropology
n.
(नृविज्ञान) social science that studies origins and social relationships of human beings
antibiotic
a. Syn. antibacterial
(एंटीबायोटिक) of or relating to chemical substance that kills microorganisms and cures infections
anticipate
v. Syn. expect; predict
(आशा) act in advance of; deal with ahead of time; predict
anticipation
n. Syn. expectation
(प्रत्याशा) something expected; pleasurable expectation; wishing with confidence
antiquate
v.
(antiquate) make obsolete or old-fashioned
antiquated
a. Syn. obsolete; antique; aged
(प्राचीन) too old to be fashionable, suitable, or useful; obsolete; aged
antique
a. Syn. old; archaic; ancient
(पुरातनता) old; belonging to, made in, or typical of an earlier period
antiquity
n. Syn. relic
(पुरातनता) ancient times, especially the times preceding the Middle Ages; extreme oldness
antiseptic
n. Syn. bactericide; germicide
(एंटीसेप्टिक) substance that prevents infection; substance that restricts the growth of disease-causing microorganisms
apology
n. Syn. regret
(माफी) acknowledgment expressing regret or asking pardon for a fault or offense; explanation or excuse
apparent
a. Syn. visible
(स्पष्ट) capable of being seen, or easily seen; open to view; visible to eye
appendix
n. Syn. appendage; adjunct; concomitant
(परिशिष्ट) something appended or added
applaud
v. Syn. clap; acclaim
(सराहना) acclaim; express approval, especially by clapping the hands
appointment
n. Syn. arrangement
(नियुक्ति) act of putting a person into a non-elective position; arrangement
appreciation
n. Syn. recognition; taste
(सराहना) recognition; taste; judgment or opinion, especially a favorable one
apprentice
n.
(शिक्षु) works for an expert to learn a trade; beginner; learner
approval
n. Syn. sanction; endorsement
(मंजूरी) official approbation; endorsement; act of approving
approve
v. Syn. ratify
(मंजूरी) ratify; consider right or good; think or speak favorably of
apt
a. Syn. appropriate; suitable
(उपयुक्त) likely; exactly suitable; appropriate; quick to learn or understand
aptitude
n. Syn. intelligence; talent
(योग्यता) inherent ability; quickness in learning and understanding
aquamarine
a.
(aquamarine) of bluish-green colour; of pale blue to light greenish blue
aquarium
n.
(एक्वैरियम) tank or pool or bowl filled with water for keeping live fish and underwater animals
arbitrary
a. Syn. capricious; impulse
(मनमाना) randomly chosen; determined by chance or impulse, and not by reason or principle
arboreal
a.
(वृक्षवासी) tree-dwelling; treelike; living in trees
arc
n.
(चाप) continuous portion of a circle; something curved in shape
arch
n.
(आर्क) any part of a curved line
archaeological
a.
(आ पुरातात्विक) related to or dealing with or devoted to archaeology
archaeology
n.
(पुरातत्व) study of artifacts and relics of early mankind
architect
n.
(वास्तुकार) one who designs and supervises the construction of buildings or other large structures
architectural
a.
(वास्तुकला) of or pertaining to the art and science of architecture
archives
n.
(अभिलेखागार) public records; place where public records are kept
arena
n.
(क्षेत्र) playing field where sports events take place; large structure for open-air sports or entertainments
aria
n. Syn. melody
(aria) operatic solo; solo vocal piece with instrumental accompaniment
arise
v. Syn. spring
(उठता) come up from a lower to a higher position; come above the horizon; spring up; come into action
arithmetic
n.
(अंकगणित) theory of numerical calculations
armor
n. Syn. shield
(कवच) shield; defensive covering, as of metal, wood, or leather, worn to protect the body against weapons
armored
a.
(बख़्तरबंद) protected by armor; provided with protective covering
arms
n. Syn. weapon
(हथियार) weapons considered collectively; official symbols of a family
arrange
v. Syn. plan; schedule
(व्यवस्था) put in proper order; dispose in the manner intended, or best suited for the purpose
array
v. Syn. marshal
(सरणी) set out for display or use; place in orderly arrangement
arsenal
n. Syn. armory
(शस्त्रागार) storage place for military equipment; stock of weapons
artery
n.
(धमनी) one of the vessels or tubes which carry either venous or arterial blood from the heart; major transit corridor
articulate
a. Syn. effective; distinct
(मुखर) expressing oneself easily in clear and effective language
artificial
a. Syn. unreal
(कृत्रिम) made by humans; produced rather than natural.
artillery
n.
(तोपखाने) large weapons, such as cannon and missile launchers operated by crews; branch of army in use of large weapons
artisan
n.
(कारीगर) manually skilled worker; craftsman, as opposed to artist
ascent
n.
(चढ़ाई) upward slope or grade; movement upward
aspect
n. Syn. respect; facet
(पहलू) distinct feature or element in a problem; a way in which something can be viewed by the mind
assassination
n.
(हत्या) act of assassinating; killing by treacherous violence; murder of public figure by surprise attack
assemble
v. Syn. gather
(इकट्ठा) put together; bring or call together into a group or whole
assess
v. Syn. estimate; judge
(मूल्यांकन) estimate value; judge worth of something
asset
n. Syn. properties; advantage
(संपत्ति) properties; advantage; useful or valuable quality
assign
v. Syn. appoint; allot
(असाइन) appoint; allot; make over; point out authoritatively or exactly
assignment
n. Syn. task; job
(काम) task given to students; job; distribution; appointment
associate
v. Syn. pertain; connect
(सहयोगी) connect or join together; combine
association
n. Syn. alliance; connection
(सहयोग) connection, whether of persons of things; union of persons in a company or society for some particular purpose
assorted
a. Syn. varied; miscellaneous
(मिश्रित) varied; miscellaneous
assortment
n. Syn. variety; conglomerate
(वर्गीकरण) variety; collection containing a variety of sorts of things
assume
v. Syn. suppose; presume
(मान) suppose; presume; take on; bear
assumption
n. Syn. hypothesis; supposition
(धारणा) something taken for accepted as true without proof; taking over or taking possession of
assurance
n. Syn. certainty; confidence; insurance; guaranty
(आश्वासन) promise or pledge; certainty; self-confidence; freedom from doubt
assure
v. Syn. solidify; guarantee; convince
(आश्वासन) solidify; guarantee; convince
astonish
v. Syn. surprise; shock
(चकित) surprise; shock
astonishing
a. Syn. astounding; miraculous
(आश्चर्यजनक) very wonderful; of a nature to excite astonishment; surprising greatly
astounding
a.
(खगोल विज्ञानी) surprising; shocking
astronomy
n.
(खगोल विज्ञान) branch of physics that studies celestial bodies and universe as a whole
astute
a. Syn. shrewd
(चतुर) wise or keen; shrewd; with sharp intelligence
asylum
n. Syn. protection
(शरण) place of refuge or shelter; protection
asymmetrical
a. Syn. unbalanced; uneven
(चौंकाने विषम) unbalanced; uneven
atheist
n. Syn. nonbeliever
(नास्तिक) nonbeliever; one who denies the existence of god
athlete
n.
(खिलाड़ी) sports man; one who contended for prize in public games
atlas
n.
(प्रायश्चित) a bound volume of maps, charts, or tables
atomic
a.
(परमाणु) of or relating to or comprising atoms; immeasurably small
atomization
n.
(atomization) act of reducing to atoms, or very minute particles
atrophy
n. Syn. shrinkage
(शोष) wasting away; decrease in size; reduction in the functionality of an organ caused by disease
attach
v. Syn. fasten; annex
(देते हैं) fasten; annex; be in contact with
attack
n.
(हमला) offensive move; expression of strong criticism; hostile comment
attempt
n. Syn. try; endeavor; effort
(प्रयास) action of trying at something
attendance
n.
(उपस्थिति) act of being present
attendant
n. Syn. aide; servant
(परिचर) aide; servant; accompanying; person who participates in a meeting
attribute
v. Syn. ascribe; explain
(गुण) relate to particular cause or source; ascribe; explain
audible
a. Syn. perceptible; discernible
(श्रव्य) perceptible; heard or perceptible by the ear
audience
n. Syn. spectator; viewer
(दर्शक) a group of people within hearing; crowd seeing a stage performance
audit
n.
(लेखा परीक्षा) examination of accounts; adjustment or correction of accounts
audition
v. Syn. test
(ऑडिशन) take part in a trial performance; evaluate in a trial performance
auditorium
n.
(सभागार एटलस) area of theater or concert hall where audience sits
augment
v. Syn. increase
(बढ़ाने) make greater, as in size, extent, or quantity
aurora
n.
(औरोरा) the first light of day; an atmospheric phenomenon consisting of bands of light caused by charged solar particles following the earth's magnetic lines of force
authentic
a. Syn. genuine; real; valid; trustworthy
(प्रामाणिक) not counterfeit or copied; valid; trustworthy
authenticate
v. Syn. verify; confirm
(प्रमाणित) prove genuine; establish authenticity of
author
n.
(लेखक) beginner, former, or first mover of anything; creator; originator; one who composes or writes book or composer
authorize
v. Syn. empower; sanction
(अधिकृत) empower; give permission for; sanction
autobiographical
a.
(avocational) of or relating to a person's life or an account of a person's life
automated
a. Syn. mechanical; automatic
(परिहार) mechanical; automatic; accomplished without the intervention of a human operator
automatic
a. Syn. automated; mechanized; involuntary
(स्वचालित) mechanized; operating with minimal human intervention; independent of external control
automobile
n.
(ऑटोमोबाइल) self-propelled vehicle suitable for use on street or roadway
automotive
a.
(मोटर वाहन) of or relating to motor vehicles; moving by itself; self-propelling
autonomous
a.
(स्वायत्त) self-governing; not controlled by others or by outside forces; independent
avalanche
n.
(हिमस्खलन) great mass of falling snow and ice
avant-garde
n. Syn. vanguard
(accordion avant-garde) radically new or original; cutting edge
avenue
n.
(एवेन्यू) way or opening for entrance or exit place; passage by which a place may be reached; broad street
average
a. Syn. typical; mediocre
(औसत) typical; mean; achieve or reach on average
averse
a. Syn. reluctant; disinclined; unwilling
(हिचकते) reluctant; disinclined; turned away or backward; unwilling
avert
v. Syn. prevent
(एवियरी) prevent; turn or cause to turn off or away
aviator
n.
(जागरूकता) someone who operates an aircraft
avocation
n.
(awkwardly) person's regular business or occupation; hobby or recreational or leisure pursuit
avoid
v. Syn. shun; prevent
(बचने) shield away from; prevent
awareness
n. Syn. realization; consciousness
(जागरूकता) realization; consciousness; having knowledge of
axis
n. Syn. shaft; pivot
(अक्ष) the center around which something rotates; pivot