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PTE Word List for Academic (A B): Print Flashcard

abbreviation
n.
(약어가) shortening something by omitting parts of it
abnormal
a. Syn. anomalous; unusual
(비정상) unusual; not typical; not normal
abolish
v. Syn. cancel; annul
(폐지가) cancel; put an end to; destroy completely
aboriginal
a. Syn. primitive; native
(원주민) being the first of its kind in a region; primitive; native
abort
v. Syn. failure; terminate
(취소) stop; terminate before completion; terminate a pregnancy
abound
v.
(풍부하) be full of; be plentiful
abrasion
n. Syn. scratch; friction
(마모) scratch; friction
abridge
v. Syn. condense; shorten
(줄여) condense; shorten; reduce length of written text
abrupt
a. Syn. sudden; unforeseen
(돌연) broken off; very steep; having sudden transitions from one subject to another
absorb
v. Syn. monopolize; receive
(흡수) assimilate or incorporate; suck or drink up; occupy full attention
abstract
a. Syn. theoretical; abstruse
(추상) theoretical; not concrete; not applied or practical; difficult to understand
abundance
n. Syn. profusion; richness
(풍요) great or plentiful amount; fullness to overflowing
accelerate
v. Syn. speed; hasten
(가속) move faster; cause to develop or progress more quickly; occur sooner than expected
accessory
n. Syn. adjunct; appendage
(장난 액세서리) additional object; useful but not essential thing; subordinate or supplementary item
acclaim
v. Syn. applaud
(주목) applaud; announce with great approval
accommodate
v. Syn. adapt; oblige
(숙박) do a favor or service for; provide for; supply with; make suitable; adapt; allow for
accommodation
n.
(숙박 시설) living quarters provided for public convenience; something that meets a need; convenience
accompany
v.
(동행) travel with; be associated with
accord
n. Syn. agreement; treaty
(협정) settlement or compromise of conflicting opinions; written agreement between two states
accountable
a.
(책임) liable to being called to account; answerable; responsible; something that can be explained
accumulate
v. Syn. collect
(축적) pile up; collect; mount up; increase
accuser
n.
(지목) one who accuses; one who brings a charge of crime or fault
achieve
v. Syn. accomplish; fulfill
(전체) gain with effort; accomplish; fulfill
acquaint
v. Syn. Inform
(산성) inform about; cause to come to know personally; make familiar
acquire
v. Syn. obtain; gain
(취득) gain through experience or effort; gain possession of; locate with tracking system
acquisition
n. Syn. acquirement; attainment
(익히 비난 정품 인증) act of contracting or assuming or acquiring possession of something
activate
v. Syn. encourage; stimulate
(전체) make active or more active; stimulate; make radioactive
acute
a. Syn. keen; sharp
(급성) quickly perceptive; keen; having a sharp point or tip; extremely sharp or severe
adapt
v. Syn. alter; modify
(적응) make fit for; change to suit a new purpose
addict
v.
(수집 중독자) cause someone to become dependent; indulge in; be devoted to
adept
a. Syn. competent; proficient
(주특기) expert at; very skilled; having or showing knowledge and skill and aptitude
adequate
a. Syn. sufficient; enough
(충분한) sufficient; enough to meet a purpose
adhere
v. Syn. stick; bond
(준수) stick fast; stick to firmly; be compatible or in accordance with
adjacent
a. Syn. adjoining; neighboring
(인접) adjoining; neighboring; close to; lying near
adjoin
v. Syn. attach
(인접) be next to; be contiguous to; border on
administer
v. Syn. govern; supervise
(관리) govern; supervise; give or apply medications
administrate
v.
(하는걸) administer; supply; supervise or be in charge of
admission
n. Syn. admittance; entrance; access
(입학) act or practice of admitting; power or permission to enter
adolescence
n. Syn. youth; juvenescence
(사춘기) state of growing up from childhood to manhood or womanhood; transitional period between youth and maturity
advent
n. Syn. arrival
(도래) coming or arrival, especially of something extremely important
adverse
a. Syn. unfavorable; hostile
(불리한) in opposing direction; harmful or unfavorable; acting or serving to oppose
advertise
v. Syn. notify
(광고문의) give notice to; inform or apprise; make known; give public notice of
advocate
v. Syn. urge; support
(열변을 토하다) speak, plead, or argue in favour of; plead for; push for something
aerial
a.
(항공) of the air or atmosphere; produced by or found in the air; performed in the air
aesthetic
a. Syn. artistic; elegant
(미학) elegant or tasteful; of or concerning appreciation of beauty or good taste
affiliate
v. Syn. associate; incorporate
(제휴 등록) associate; incorporate
affirm
v. Syn. assert; confirm
(긍정) assert; confirm
affix
v. Syn. fasten; attach
(접사) fasten; append; add on; secure to something
afflict
v. Syn. plague; suffer; torment
(괴롭히다) cause pain, suffering or distress
aggregate
v. Syn. gather; accumulate
(골재) gather into a mass, sum, or whole; amount to
agitation
n. Syn. anxiety; disturbance
(동요) anxiety; extreme emotional disturbance
agony
n.
(고뇌) extreme pain of mind or body; anguish; last struggle of life; death struggle
agreeable
a. Syn. pleasing; acceptable
(매력) ready to consent or submit; acceptable
airing
a.
(방송) exposure to air for freshening or drying; exposure to public attention; radio or television broadcast
albeit
ad.
(는건) even though; although; notwithstanding
alienate
v. Syn. estrange; transfer; separate
(이간) cause to become unfriendly or hostile; transfer property or ownership; isolate or dissociate emotionally
allege
v. Syn. affirm
(주장) state without proof; assert to be true
allegiance
n. Syn. loyalty; fidelity
(충성) loyalty to a nation, sovereign, or cause; fidelity to any person or thing; devotion
alleviate
v. Syn. relieve; moderate; reduce
(경감) provide physical relief, as from pain; make easier; remove in part
allocate
v. Syn. assign
(할당) assign; distribute according to plan
allot
v. Syn. distribute
(할당) parcel out in parts or portions; distribute to each individual concerned; assign as a share or lot
allowance
n. Syn. authorization; permission
(수당) approval; act of allowing, granting, or admitting
alloy
v. Syn. combine; mix
(합금) combine; mix; make less pure; lessen or moderate
alongside
ad.
(나란히) along or by the side; side by side with
alphabetical
a.
(가나다순) arranged in customary order of the letters of a language
alter
v. Syn. modify; change; convert
(변경) modify; cause to change; make different; convert
alternate
a. Syn. substitute
(대체) happening or following in turns; succeeding each other continuously; substitute
altitude
n. Syn. elevation; height
(고도) elevation especially above sea level; height
amateur
a. Syn. nonprofessional; inexpert
(아마추어) nonprofessional; lacking the skill of a professional, as in an art
amaze
v. Syn. stun; astonish; shock
(놀라게) astonish; affect with wonder
ambiguity
n.
(모호함) state of being ambiguous; doubtfulness or uncertainty
ambiguous
a.
(모호한) unclear or doubtful in meaning
ambitious
a. Syn. aspiring; enterprising
(야심) aspiring; having a strong desire for success or achievement
amend
v. Syn. correct; improve
(수정) change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors
amends
n.
(보상) compensation for a loss or injury; recompense; reparation
amid
ad. Syn. among
(가운데) in the middle of; among; surrounded by
amidst
ad. Syn. amid; among
(가운데) amid; in the middle of; among
ammunition
n. Syn. weapon
(탄약) military stores or provisions; articles used in weapons, as powder, balls, shot, shells
amphibian
a.
(양서류) able to live both on land and in water
ample
a. Syn. abundant
(충분한) more than enough in size or scope or capacity; fairly large
amplify
v. Syn. intensify; increase
(증폭) broaden or clarify by expanding; intensify; make larger or more powerful; increase
amuse
v. Syn. absorb; distract; bewilder
(즐겁게) occupy in an agreeable, pleasing, or entertaining fashion; cause laughter or be funny; delude or deceive
analogy
n. Syn. similarity; parallelism
(비유) similarity in some respects; comparison based on similarity
analyse
v.
(분석) resolve anything complex into its elements; separate into parts for purpose of examination of each separately
analytical
a.
(분석) of analysis; resolving into elements or parts
ancestor
n. Syn. forefather; forebear
(조상) forefather; forebear; forerunner or predecessor
anchor
v. Syn. fasten
(앵커) secure or fasten firmly; be fixed in place; narrate or coordinate
anecdote
n. Syn. episode; story
(일화) short account of amusing or interesting event; short narrative; secret story of history or biography
annihilate
v. Syn. destroy
(몰살) destroy completely; reduce to nonexistence
annoy
v. Syn. disturb; irritate
(귀찮게) disturb, especially by minor irritations; irritate
annuity
n.
(연금) annual payment of allowance or income; periodical payment, amounting to a fixed sum in each year
antagonism
n. Syn. hostility; enmity
(대립) active resistance; condition of being an opposing principle, force, or factor
antarctic
a.
(남극) opposite to the northern or arctic pole; relating to the southern pole or to the region near it
anthem
n. Syn. song; hymn
(빈약한 닦지) song of praise or patriotism; song of devotion or loyalty
anthology
n. Syn. collection
(선집) book of literary selections by various authors
anthropology
n.
(인류학) social science that studies origins and social relationships of human beings
antibiotic
a. Syn. antibacterial
(항생제) of or relating to chemical substance that kills microorganisms and cures infections
anticipate
v. Syn. expect; predict
(기대) act in advance of; deal with ahead of time; predict
anticipation
n. Syn. expectation
(기대) something expected; pleasurable expectation; wishing with confidence
antonym
n.
(반대말) word of opposite meaning; counter term
apologetic
a.
(사과) offering or expressing an apology or excuse; serving as or containing a formal justification or defense
apparatus
n. Syn. equipment
(기구) a group of parts that work together to perform given function; appliance or device for particular purpose
apparent
a. Syn. visible
(겉보기) capable of being seen, or easily seen; open to view; visible to eye
append
v. Syn. attach
(추가) attach; add as supplement or appendix
appendix
n. Syn. appendage; adjunct; concomitant
(충수) something appended or added
applaud
v. Syn. clap; acclaim
(박수) acclaim; express approval, especially by clapping the hands
appliance
n.
(어플 라 이언스) durable goods for home or office use; device or instrument for household use
applicant
n. Syn. candidate
(신청) candidate
appraisal
n. Syn. assessment; evaluation
(평가) assessment; evaluation; the classification of someone or something with respect to its worth
appreciable
a. Syn. considerable; perceptible
(감지할 수있을 정도의) considerable; perceptible
apprentice
n.
(도제) works for an expert to learn a trade; beginner; learner
approximate
v. Syn. approach
(대략) approach; come near
apt
a. Syn. appropriate; suitable
(쉽다) likely; exactly suitable; appropriate; quick to learn or understand
aptitude
n. Syn. intelligence; talent
(적성) inherent ability; quickness in learning and understanding
aquarium
n.
(수족관) tank or pool or bowl filled with water for keeping live fish and underwater animals
aquatic
a. Syn. watery
(수산물) consisting of, relating to, or being in water
arbitrary
a. Syn. capricious; impulse
(임의) randomly chosen; determined by chance or impulse, and not by reason or principle
arc
n.
(아크) continuous portion of a circle; something curved in shape
arch
n.
(아치) any part of a curved line
archaic
a. Syn. antiquated
(고풍의) no longer current or applicable; antiquated
architect
n.
(건축가) one who designs and supervises the construction of buildings or other large structures
archives
n.
(자료실) public records; place where public records are kept
ardent
a. Syn. intense; passionate; zealous
(열렬한) displaying or by strong enthusiasm or devotion; passionate
arduous
a. Syn. hard; strenuous
(험난할) demanding great effort or labor; difficult
arena
n.
(경기장) playing field where sports events take place; large structure for open-air sports or entertainments
arise
v. Syn. spring
(발생) come up from a lower to a higher position; come above the horizon; spring up; come into action
armour
n.
(갑옷) defensive covering, as of metal, wood, or leather, worn to protect the body against weapons
arouse
v. Syn. excite; stimulate; awake
(자극) excite; stimulate; awaken from or as if from sleep
array
v. Syn. marshal
(배열) set out for display or use; place in orderly arrangement
articulate
a. Syn. effective; distinct
(또렷하게 표현할) expressing oneself easily in clear and effective language
artificial
a. Syn. unreal
(인공) made by humans; produced rather than natural.
artillery
n.
(대포) large weapons, such as cannon and missile launchers operated by crews; branch of army in use of large weapons
ascend
v. Syn. climb; mount
(오르다) climb; mount
ascent
n.
(이던데) upward slope or grade; movement upward
ascertain
v. Syn. discover; insure
(확인하다) find out for certain; discover with certainty; make sure of
ascribe
v. Syn. refer; attribute; assign
(돌리다) inscribe or dedicate; attribute to a specified cause, source, or origin; assign as a quality
aspect
n. Syn. respect; facet
(양상) distinct feature or element in a problem; a way in which something can be viewed by the mind
aspiration
n. Syn. ambition; longing
(열망) ambition; longing
aspire
v. Syn. dream; seek
(이 열망) seek to attain; long for; strive toward an end
assassination
n.
(암살) act of assassinating; killing by treacherous violence; murder of public figure by surprise attack
assemble
v. Syn. gather
(조립) put together; bring or call together into a group or whole
assert
v. Syn. declare
(주장) declare or state with confidence; put oneself forward boldly
assess
v. Syn. estimate; judge
(평가) estimate value; judge worth of something
asset
n. Syn. properties; advantage
(자산) properties; advantage; useful or valuable quality
assign
v. Syn. appoint; allot
(할당) appoint; allot; make over; point out authoritatively or exactly
assorted
a. Syn. varied; miscellaneous
(모듬) varied; miscellaneous
assumption
n. Syn. hypothesis; supposition
(가정) something taken for accepted as true without proof; taking over or taking possession of
assurance
n. Syn. certainty; confidence; insurance; guaranty
(보증) promise or pledge; certainty; self-confidence; freedom from doubt
astound
v. Syn. surprise; shock
(놀라게) affect with wonder; surprise; shock
astronomy
n.
(천문학) branch of physics that studies celestial bodies and universe as a whole
asylum
n. Syn. protection
(망명) place of refuge or shelter; protection
athlete
n.
(운동) sports man; one who contended for prize in public games
atlas
n.
(아틀라스) a bound volume of maps, charts, or tables
attach
v. Syn. fasten; annex
(첨부) fasten; annex; be in contact with
attain
v. Syn. gain
(이르다) achieve or accomplish; gain
attendance
n.
(출석) act of being present
attendant
n. Syn. aide; servant
(승무원) aide; servant; accompanying; person who participates in a meeting
attribute
n. Syn. trait
(속성) essential quality; reputation; honor
audible
a. Syn. perceptible; discernible
(청취) perceptible; heard or perceptible by the ear
audit
n.
(감사) examination of accounts; adjustment or correction of accounts
auditorium
n.
(강당) area of theater or concert hall where audience sits
augment
v. Syn. increase
(확대) make greater, as in size, extent, or quantity
authentic
a. Syn. genuine; real; valid; trustworthy
(정통) not counterfeit or copied; valid; trustworthy
author
n.
(작성자) beginner, former, or first mover of anything; creator; originator; one who composes or writes book or composer
authoritative
a.
(권위) having weight of authority; peremptory and dictatorial
authorize
v. Syn. empower; sanction
(승인) empower; give permission for; sanction
automate
v.
(자동화) replace or enhance human labor with machines
automatic
a. Syn. automated; mechanized; involuntary
(자동) mechanized; operating with minimal human intervention; independent of external control
automation
n.
(자동화) act or process of converting the controlling of a machine or device to a more automatic system, such as computer or electronic controls
automobile
n.
(자동차) self-propelled vehicle suitable for use on street or roadway
autonomy
n. Syn. independence; liberty
(자치) independence; self-government or the right of self-government; self-determination
auxiliary
a. Syn. aiding; supplementary
(보조) helper, additional or subsidiary
avail
v. Syn. profit; promote
(소용) turn to advantage of; be of service to; profit; promote
avalanche
n.
(눈사태) great mass of falling snow and ice
avert
v. Syn. prevent
(막기) prevent; turn or cause to turn off or away
aviation
n. Syn. flying; flight; aeronautics
(항공) art or science of flying; flight; aeronautics
axis
n. Syn. shaft; pivot
(축) the center around which something rotates; pivot
backward
a.
(뒤로) directed to the back or rear; unwilling; averse; reluctant; hesitating; undeveloped
bacterium
n.
(세균) single celled organism with no nucleus
badminton
n.
(배드민턴) game played on a court with light long-handled rackets
baffle
v. Syn. frustrate; perplex
(배��) frustrate as by confusing or perplexing; impede force or movement of
ballot
n.
(투표) printed or written ticket used in voting; act of voting; whole number of votes cast at an election
bamboo
n.
(대나무) plant of the family of grasses, and genus Bambusa, growing in tropical countries
ban
n. Syn. Prohibition
(금지) official prohibition; decree that prohibits something
bandage
n.
(붕대) strip of woven material, used in dressing and binding up wounds
banish
v. Syn. dispel
(추방) drive out; drive away; compel to depart; dispel
bankrupt
a.
(파산) penniless, without any money; financially ruined
banquet
n. Syn. feast
(연회장) feast; entertainment of eating and drinking
bark
n. Syn. yelp; howl
(나무 껍질) sound made by a dog; harsh sound uttered by a dog
barometer
n.
(기압계) instrument for determining the weight or pressure of the atmosphere
barren
a. Syn. desolate
(기술 불모) desolate; fruitless and unproductive; lacking
barricade
n. Syn. obstacle
(바리케이드) hastily put together defensive barrier; obstacle
barrier
n. Syn. obstacle; hindrance; hurdle
(장벽) obstacle; structure built to bar passage; boundary or limit
barter
v. Syn. trade; exchange
(물물교환) trade goods or services without the exchange of money
batch
n.
(배치) quantity of bread baked at one time; a collection of things or persons to be handled together
bathe
v. Syn. lave; immerse
(목욕) wash by immersion, as in a bath; subject to bath; lave; immerse or cover one's self
batter
v.
(타자) beat with successive blows; beat repeatedly and with violence
bead
n. Syn. pearl; drops; droplet
(구슬) small piece of material, such as glass, plastic, or wood, that is pierced for stringing
beautician
n.
(미용사) one skilled in giving cosmetic treatments; one who does hair styling, manicures, and other beauty treatments
beforehand
ad. Syn. previously; aforetime
(사전) in state of anticipation; in advance; by way of preparation
beneficial
a. Syn. helpful; useful
(이익) helpful; tending to promote physical well-being
berth
n.
(폭발) space for ship to dock or anchor; allotted place; place to sleep or stay; appointment or job
beset
v. Syn. harass; attack
(포위) attack from all sides; trouble persistently; hem in
beverage
n. Syn. refreshment
(표백제) liquids for drinking, usually excluding water; refreshment
bewilder
v. Syn. confuse
(당황하게하다) lead into perplexity or confusion; perplex with mazes
bias
n. Syn. prejudice; preference
(출혈) preference or inclination, especially one that inhibits impartial judgment; influence in unfair way
bibliography
n.
(조화) list of works of a specific author or publisher; list of writings relating to a given subject
bilateral
a. Syn. mutual; lateral
(깜박 사랑) two-sided; mutual
bilingual
n.
(굽힘) using or able to use two languages, especially with equal or nearly equal fluency
bind
v. Syn. contract; cohere; stick
(이익) tie, or confine with a cord, band, or chain; make fast; contract; cohere or stick together
biography
n.
(침대) an account of the series of events making up a person's life; accounts of people's life
bitumen
n.
(바이어스) mineral pitch; black, tarry substance, burning with a bright flame
blaze
n. Syn. flame
(국어) brilliant burst of fire; destructive fire; flame
bleach
v. Syn. whiten; blanch
(바인딩) make white or colorless; blanch
bleak
a. Syn. cold; cheerless
(의기소침한) cold or cheerless; unlikely to be favorable
blend
n. Syn. combination; mixture
(물린) combination; mixture; forming uniform mixture
blink
v. Syn. wink
(구두약) shut eyes briefly; wink
bloc
n.
(당원은) a group of nations, parties, or persons united for common action
bloom
n. Syn. flower; blossom
(꽃) flower; blossom; best time of youth; period of greatest prosperity or productivity
blossom
n.
(꽃) reproductive organ of plants, especially one having showy or colorful parts
blot
n.
(얼룩) spot or stain, as of ink on paper; blur; weak point or failing
blunder
n. Syn. error
(이 끊긴) serious mistake typically caused by ignorance or confusion
blunt
a. Syn. insensitive
(이 무딘) having a dull edge or end; not sharp; lacking in feeling; insensitive
blur
n. Syn. stain; dim
(흐리게) something that is hazy and indistinct to the sight or mind; dim, confused appearance; moral stain or blot
blush
v.
(홍당무) become rosy or reddish; turn red, as if in embarrassment or shame
boast
v. Syn. brag; vaunt
(자랑) show off oneself; speak of with excessive pride
boil
v.
(종기) be agitated; pass from a liquid to vapor when heated; be excited with passion; heat in water
bookcase
n.
(책장) case with shelves for holding books, especially one with glazed doors
bookkeeper
n.
(경리) one who keeps accounts; one who has charge of keeping books and accounts in an office
bookstall
n.
(헌책방) stall where books are sold, as on a street; table with enclosed sides, for displaying books for sale
boost
v. Syn. raise; advance
(강화) raise; advance; push or shove upward
boundary
n. Syn. border; frontier
(경계) dividing line; border; frontier
bounty
n. Syn. kindness; virtue
(은혜) goodness, kindness; virtue; liberality in giving
bouquet
n. Syn. bunch
(꽃다발) small cluster or arrangement of flowers; an arrangement of flowers that is usually given as a present
bowel
n.
(대장) a part or division of intestine; interior of something; any internal organ of the body, as the stomach, liver, brain
boycott
v.
(보이콧) refrain from buying or using
brace
n.
(브레 이스) something which holds anything tightly or supports it firmly, as bandage, cord, or rod;
brake
n.
(브레이크) a piece of mechanism for retarding or stopping motion by friction
brashness
n.
(시주) characteristic of being brash; trait of being rash and hasty; tasteless showiness
breach
n. Syn. violation; infringement
(위반) breaking of contract or duty
breakthrough
n.
(혁신) act of overcoming or penetrating an obstacle or restriction
breed
v. Syn. raise; hatch; mate
(번식) raise; produce offspring; give birth to or hatch; mate
brew
v. Syn. boil; cook
(스프) boil or seethe; cook; be in a state of preparation; be mixing, forming, or gathering
brink
n. Syn. verge; border
(직전) edge, margin, or border of a steep place verge
brisk
a. Syn. energetic; swift
(상쾌) marked by speed, liveliness, and vigor; energetic; swift; keen or sharp in speech or manner
brochure
n. Syn. pamphlet
(안내서) pamphlet; small book usually having paper cover
bronze
n.
(청동) an alloy of copper and tin and sometimes other elements
brood
v.
(종족) think long and anxiously; be in a state of gloomy, serious thought
browse
v. Syn. graze
(브라 우즈) graze; skim or glance at casually
bruise
v.
(멍) injure, as by a blow or collision; contuse; fight with the fists
buckle
v. Syn. fold; fasten; distort
(버클) fold or collapse; bend out of shape, as under pressure or from heat
buffet
n.
(부페) table with food set out for people to serve themselves; meal at which people help themselves to food that's been set out
bulb
n.
(전구) rounded part of a cylindrical structure; electric lamp consisting of a glass ball
bulge
v.
(팽창) cause to curve outward; swell up; stick out; protrude
bulk
n. Syn. majority; mass
(벌크) majority; main part; volume; mass
bulletin
n.
(게시판) brief statement of facts; any public notice or announcement; a periodical publication
bumper
n.
(범퍼) something as bars at edges to absorb shock and prevent serious damage
bundle
n. Syn. packet; parcel
(번들) packet; a package of things tied together; a large sum of money
bungalow
n.
(방갈로) small house or cottage usually having a single story and attic
buoyant
a.
(탄력) able to float; cheerful and optimistic
bureaucracy
n.
(관료) over-regulated administrative system
burgeon
v. Syn. thrive; mushroom
(눈) grow forth; send out buds; grow or develop rapidly
burial
n. Syn. grave
(장사) grave or tomb; ritual placing of a corpse in a grave; concealing something under the ground
burrow
n. Syn. tunnel; den
(뚫으) tunnel; hole in the ground made by an animal for shelter; dig; move through by or as by digging
bustle
v. Syn. teem
(소동) move or cause to move energetically and busily; teem
butcher
n. Syn. slaughterer
(정육점) one whose job is to kill animals for food; one who kills in large numbers, or with unusual cruelty; vendor, especially on train or in theater
butterfly
n.
(나비) insect typically having a slender body with broad colorful wings
bypass
n.
(바이패스) channel used to conduct gas or liquid around another pipe or a fixture; conductor having low resistance in parallel