Difficult IELTS Words - Group 3

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n. a bowl-shaped opening at the top of a volcano

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n. ornamental tuft or ridge on the head of animal; plume used as decoration on top of helmet; top, as of a hill or wave

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n. standard of judging; any approved or established rule or test

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v. bend down; stoop low; lie close to the ground with the legs bent, as an animal when waiting for prey, or in fear

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a. mad; crazy; simple; stupid; foolish; gay; playful

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n. scarcity; shortage of food; famine from failure or loss of crops

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v. lessen; reduce; make a quantity smaller

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n. failure to fulfill an obligation, failure to money when it is due

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v. pollute; make dirty or spotty

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n. person authorized to act as representative for another; deputy