10th Grade Cards for Clovis, CA, USA

Online and interactive flashcards for students of Clovis Unified School District.
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 10th Grade Flashcards for Clovis Unified School District
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aberration
n. a departure from the norm or what is considered right, natural, or normal; a flaw or defect
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abominate
v. to hate or loathe intensely
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abridge
v. to shorten in duration or extent; to diminish
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accolade
n. an expression of approval or respect for special merit; a award
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accost
v. to approach and speak to in an aggressive or challenging way
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acoustic
adj. relating to sound or hearing
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acrimony
n. bitterness or sharpness of temper, manner, or speech; hostility
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adamant
adj. not yielding; firm
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adjacent
adj. near or next to; adjoining
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adjudicate
v. to hear and decide judicially; to judge
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adjunct
n. something or someone joined or added to something else but not essentially a part of it
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adulate
v. to flatter or admire excessively; to idolize
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affinity
n. attraction for someone or something with which one feels a closeness or kinship
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aftermath
n. a consequence or result, often a negative one
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aggregate
n. a group of things gathered into a whole; sum total
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agrarian
adj. having to do with farming or agriculture
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allocate
v. to set aside for a specific purpose; to allot
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altercation
n. a loud and determined dispute; a noisy quarrel
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ambivalent
adj. having mixed, often opposing, feeling about something or someone; indecisive
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ameliorate
v. to make better; to become better; to improve
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amenable
adj. responsive; willing to be controlled or to take advice
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animosity
n. intense ill will
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annals
n. a historical record of events, often arranged in a yearly sequence
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antiquated
adj. grown old; out-of-date
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aphorism
n. a short of truth or principle; an adage
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ascribe
v. to attribute to a source or a cause
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asperity
n. sharpness or harshness of manner
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assemblage
n. a collection or gathering of people or things
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assiduous
adj. diligent and persistent
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attest
v. to declare or be evidence of something as true, genuine, or accurate
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augur
v. to predict future events, especially from omens
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august
adj. inspiring great respect or admiration; noble
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aura
n. a distinctive atmosphere or feeling that seems to surround someone or something; a distinctive appearance or impression
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auspices
n. protection, support, or guidance; patronage
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auspicious
adj. favorable, promising
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avarice
n. greed for wealth
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axiom
n. a statement or principle that requires no proof because ints truth is obvious
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baleful
adj. expressing hatred or evil; harmful, ominous
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banal
adj. lacking freshness; trite
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bane
n. a person or thing that destroys or causes harm
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bastion
n. a fortified area or position; a person, place, or thing that is a source of strength
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beleaguer
v. to surround with troubles; to harass
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belie
v. to give a false impression of; to contradict
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bemuse
v. to confuse or bewilder
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berate
v. to criticize vigorously; to scold vehemently
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beset
v. to surround or attack repeatedly
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bilk
v. to cheat our of what is due
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buffoon
n. a person who often makes attempts to be funny; a clown; a fool
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burgeon
v. to grow and expand rapidly; to flourish
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carnage
n. great destruction of life; slaughter
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castigate
v. to punish by criticizing sharply; to berate
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cataclysm
n. a sudden and violent change; a catastrophe
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catharsis
n. a releasing of the emotions, often through the arts, that brings about spiritual renewal or a relieving of tension
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cautionary
adj. offering or serving as a warning
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cavil
n. a minor criticism
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cede
v. to give up or transfer, especially by treaty or formal agreement
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celestial
adj. of or relating to the skies or heavens
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centennial
n. a one-hundredth anniversary or its celebration
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certitude
n. the state of being certain of the truth or rightness of something
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cessation
n. a stopping, either final or temporary
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charisma
n. a special quality in a person that inspires devotion or fascination in others
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chary
adj. exercising caution; hesitant
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churlish
adj. lacking good manners; rude, impolite
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circuitous
adj. roundabout; indirect
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circumvent
v. to avoid through craftiness
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clique
n. a small, exclusive group; a group held together by like interests or purpose
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cognizant
adj. fully aware; taking notice
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cohort
n. one who assists another, especially in a dubious or criminal activity; an accomplice
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colloquial
adj. characterized by informal language
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compunction
n. a feeling of uneasiness or anxiety caused by guilt
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concoct
v. to make up, prepare, or invent
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condone
v. to overlook or accept without punishment; to pardon or excuse
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confidant
n. a person to whom secrets are told
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constituent
n. one of the parts that make up a whole
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constrain
v. to confine, inhibit, or hold back by force or necessity
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consummate
adj. extremely skilled; complete or perfect
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conundrum
n. a riddle whose answer is a play on words
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conversant
adj. having knowledge or experience; well-informed
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countenance
n. a person’s face; the expression on a person’s face
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credulous
adj. willing to believe things with only slight or no evidence; easily conviced
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culinary
adj. having to do with cooking
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culpable
adj. deserving blame or censure
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curator
n. a person in charge of an exhibition; an overseer of a museum or library collection
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curtail
v. to cut short or reduce
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dearth
n. scarcity; a shortage
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decorum
n. suitable, proper behavior or speech
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decrepit
adj. worn-out with use; broken-down
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defunct
adj. no longer existing or functioning
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demoralize
v. to destroy the morals or morale of someone; to weaken the spirit or courage of someone
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denigrate
v. to attack the reputation of; to criticize in a derogatory manner
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derivative
n. something that grows out of or results from an earlier form or condition
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desultory
adj. proceeding or carried out in an aimless or random way
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diabolical
adj. devilish; wicked or evil
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differentiate
v. to see the difference; to distinguish
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dilemma
n. a problem that seems to have no satisfactory solution; a difficult choice
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diminutive
adj. very small; tiny
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disarray
n. a lack or order; confusion
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discriminate
v. the act of making a distinction in favor of or against a person or thing on the basis of the group or category rather tan according to actual merit
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disgruntle
v. to make dissatisfied; to put in a bad mood
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disparage
v. to criticize in a negative, disrespectful manner
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dissipate
v. to break up and spread out so thinly as to disappear; to scatter or be scattered
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diverse
adj. differing from one another; having various or distinct parts
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doleful
adj. mournful or full of sorrow; causing grief
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ebullient
adj. bubbling with enthusiasm or high spirits
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emaciated
adj. very thin or wasted away, especially from lack of nourishment; scrawny
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enclave
n. a distinct region or community enclosed within a larger territory
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endow
v. to provide with a quality, a thing, or a gift or money
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engender
v. to bring into being, to produce
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enormity
n. the state or quality of being monstrous or outrageous
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entrepreneur
n. an individual who manages and takes the risk of a business
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ephemeral
adj. lasting a very short time
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epitaph
n. the words carved on a tombstone in memory of the deceased
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equilibrium
n. a state of balance
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eradicate
v. to get rid of; to uproot
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esoteric
adj. not generally known or understood; familiar to only a relatively small number of people
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espionage
n. the act of spying, especially a government spy obtaining secrets of another government
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euphemism
n. a polite term used to avoid directly naming something considered offensive or unpleasant
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evanescent
adj. short-lived; staying temporarily
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exacerbate
v. to make more severe, bitter, or violent
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exodus
n. a mass departure
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expedite
v. to speed up a process; to facilitate
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expendable
adj. able to be used up and then discarded or replaced
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extant
adj. still existing; not lost or destroyed
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extrovert
n. a person whose attention is focused on others and on what is going on around her or him, rather than on her or his own feels
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factotum
n. a helper or assistant with a wide range of duties and responsibilities
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fatuous
adj. foolish; silly; stupid
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flotilla
n. a fleet of boats or small ships
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flout
v. to ignore in a disrespectful or scornful way
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foment
v. to stir up, to rouse; to instigate
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fortuitous
adj. happening by lucky chance; accidental
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galaxy
n. a vast cluster of stars and other matter, billions of which make up the known universe
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galvanize
v. to excite or arouse action
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gamut
n. the entire range of something
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garish
adj. excessively bright and flashy; tastelessly glaring
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gibe
v. to utter taunting, sarcastic words
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gird
v. to encircle, bind, or surround
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gossamer
n. thin, sheer fabric resembling gauze
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gourmet
n. a person who likes fine food an is a good judge of its quality
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grandiloquent
adj. using lofty or pompous speech or expression
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grandiose
adj. impressive because of large size or scope
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gratuitous
adj. no called for; unnecessary
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halcyon
adj. calm, peaceful, and happy; prosperous
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harbinger
n. a person or thing that is a symbol of what is to come
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heresy
n. the expression of shocking or unacceptable views
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hierarchy
n. a group or system in which potions of power are ranked, usually from lowest to highest
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homily
n. a lecture usually long, on how to behave morally
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homogeneous
adj. of a similar kind or nature; uniform throughout
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hybrid
n. the offspring of two animals or plants of different species or varieties
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hyperbole
n. extravagant exaggeration
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hypothetical
adj. based on something that is not actual but assumed or supposed
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ignominious
adj. marked by, deserving, or causing shame or disgrace
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illicit
adj. not allowed, improper, or unlawful
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illusory
adj. unreal or imagined; deceiving
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imbue
v. to fill completely with a feeling or idea; to inspire
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implacable
adj. incapable of being placated, soothed, or significantly changed; relentless
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implement
v. to carry out
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importune
v. to plead for persistently
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inalienable
adj. not able to be taken or given away
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incarcerate
v. to confine or to put in prison
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incoherent
adj. not connected; confused; rambling
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inconsequential
adj. lacking importance or worth; unable to make an impact; trivial
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incumbent
n. one who occupies an office or position
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incur
v. to bring upon oneself something undesirable, such as a debt
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indigenous
adj. naturally living or growing in a certain area; native
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indignity
n. an insult to one’s ride; offensive or humiliating treatment
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indiscriminate
adj. not marked by careful distinctions; haphazard
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induce
v. to influence or persuade
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ineffable
adj. incapable of being expressed in words
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inexorable
adj. not to be persuaded, stopped, or moved by entreaty or plea; relentless
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infamous
adj. having a very mad reputation; notorious
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infatuated
adj. filled with excessive, shallow, or foolish love or desire
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infirmity
n. physical or mental weakness or defect
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ingratiate
v. to work to gain the favor of someone
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iniquitous
adj. unjust; wicked
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innocuous
adj. harmless; unlikely to offend
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insatiable
adj. never satisfied; greedy
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instigate
v. to stir up or urge on; to provoke
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insurrection
n. an open revolt against legal authority; a rebellion
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inter
v. to put in a grave; to bury
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intercede
v. to act or plead on another’s behalf; to try to smooth the differences between two parties
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intractable
adj. hard to manage, tame, or control; stubborn; not easily cured
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intransigent
adj. refusing to compromise or change one’s position on an issue
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inure
v. to adjust to and accept unpleasant or undesirable conditions
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inveigh
v. to complain or protest strongly
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juncture
n. a joining or coming together; the place where such a connection occurs
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jurisdiction
n. legal authority to govern of control
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juxtapose
v. to place side by side
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lacerate
v. to tear or cut roughly
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largesse
n. the act of giving generously; gifts
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laudatory
adj. full of praise
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liquidate
v. to settle the affairs of a business; to convert into cash
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luminary
n. a source of light, especially from the sky, such as the sun or moon
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maelstrom
n. a large and violent whirlpool or something resembling a whirlpool
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magnate
n. an important, often wealthy, person prominent in a large industry or business
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magnitude
n. greatness of size, power, or influence
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malign
v. to say negative and unfair things about; slander
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mandatory
adj. ordered by an authority; required
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manifesto
n. a public statement explaining the intentions, motives, or views of an individual or group
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manifold
adj. having many different kinds, forms, or parts
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materialize
v. to appear in physical form, especially suddenly
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matriarchy
n. a society that is headed by a female
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mellifluous
adj. sweetly flowing; pleasant to the ear
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mesmerize
v. to fascinate or hypnotize
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mien
n. a person’s manner, appearance, or expression; bearing
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minuscule
adj. very small in size or importance
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misnomer
n. a name that does not fit
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mitigate
v. to make or become less serious or severe; to ameliorate
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muster
v. to summon or call forth; to gather
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necessitate
v. to require; to make necessary
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neophyte
n. a beginner; a novice
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nonpareil
n. a person or thing without an equal
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obituary
n. a notice of someone’s death, such as in a newspaper, usually with a brief summary of that person’s life
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odyssey
n. a long, adventurous journey
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olfactory
adj. relating to the sense of small
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omnivorous
adj. eating all kinds of food, including both animal and vegetable food
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onerous
adj. burdensome; oppressive
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optimum
adj. best or most favorable
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palatable
adj. acceptable or pleasing, especially to the sense of taste
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panacea
n. something that is supposed to cure all ills or difficulties; a cure-all
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panache
n. dash or flamboyance in style or action
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pandemonium
n. a state or place of great confusion or uproar
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pantheon
n. a group of people held in high esteem for their great achievements
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partisan
n. a strong supporter or advocate
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patina
n. a green film that forms on copper exposed to the elements
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penchant
n. a strong attraction or leaning
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permeate
v. to spread throughout; to pass through
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perpetrate
v. to commit, as a crime or other antisocial act
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perverse
adj. turned away form what is right; wicked
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picayune
adj. petty or insignificant; concerned with trifling maters
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pillory
v. to expose to public scorn or contempt
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pleasantry
n. an agreeable, casual remark
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plebeian
adj. of or pertaining to the common people; common; unrefined
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plethora
n. too great a number; an excess
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poignant
adj. painfully moving, affecting, or touching
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posterity
n. a person’s descendants; future generations
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precedent
n. the act of statement that may serve as an example or justification for a later one
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predecessor
n. a person or thing that has held a position or office before another
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predilection
n. an inclination; preference
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premeditated
adj. fully planned beforehand; deliberate
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prerogative
n. a special right limited to a person, group, or office; a privilege
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pretext
n. an effort to conceal the real intention or state of affairs; an excuse
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procrastinate
v. to put off until later
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profane
v. disrespectful of sacred things
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prohibitive
adj. serving to restrain action or discourage use of
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proliferate
v. to grow, expand, or multiply at a rapid rate
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promontory
n. a high point of land that juts out into water
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proselytize
v. to convert someone to a faith, belief, or cause
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qualm
n. a feeling of uneasiness as to whether what one id doing is right or wise; a misgiving
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quixotic
adj. romantic and idealistic, but impractical
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rambunctious
adj. behaving in a wild and unruly manner
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rampant
adj. threateningly wild, without restraint or control; widespread
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rancor
n. a deep, long-held feeling of hatred or bitterness
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rapt
adj. fully absorbed; engrossed
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recompense
v. to pay or compensate
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refurbish
v. to make like new; to renovate
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reminisce
v. to think or talk about one’s past
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remiss
adj. negligent; careless; lax
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rendition
n. an interpretation or translation; a performance
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reparation
n. a mending or repair
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repast
n. food and drink; a meal
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repertoire
n. the list of pieces an actor, musician, etc., is ready to perform; the skills or accomplishments of a person or group
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resurgence
n. a rising again to life. use. acceptance. or prominence; a revival
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resuscitate
v. to revive from unconsciousness or apparent death; to revive or restore to health or vigor
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rudiment
n. a basic principle or skill
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ruminate
v. to think over again and again; to ponder
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sabotage
n. acts that intentionally damage, hinder, or seek to discredit
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sadistic
adj. taking pleasure in causing pain
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scathing
adj. harshly critical
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scourge
n. something that causes great pain and suffering; a social evil
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scurrilous
adj. vulgar; coarsely abusive
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secrete
v. to produce and give off
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servitude
n. a lack of freedom forced labor
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sibling
n. one of two or more people who have the same parents; brother or sister
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singular
adj. extraordinary; exceptional
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smattering
n. a small amount
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somnolent
adj. tending to cause sleepiness
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spurious
adj. not genuine; false
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stalemate
n. a halt in a struggle because both sides are equally strong and neither side will give in; a deadlock
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stalwart
adj. strong; sturdy
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stereotype
n. a generalization that is used to characterize a person without acknowledging individual differences
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stigma
n. a mark of shame or disgrace
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stipend
n. a regular and fixed amount of pay for work done or to help cover living or work expenses
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subservient
adj. serving or acting in a subordinate manner; servile
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temerity
n. reckless boldness without regard to danger or opposition
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temperate
adj. mild, moderate; restrained
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tenacious
adj. holding fast; persistent in adhering to something valued or habitual
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titanic
adj. marked by great strength, size, or influence
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transpire
v. to become apparent; to come to light
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tutelage
n. instruction, protection. or guardianship
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undermine
v. to attack by indirect, secret, or underhanded means
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unremitting
adj. not stopping or slowing down; constant
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vagary
n. a departure from the normal, expected course; a whim or unpredictable action
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vanguard
n. the leading or forwards position in a movement
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vestige
n. a trace of something that once was present
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visionary
adj. able to see what might be accomplished in the future
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volatile
adj. evaporating quickly
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winnow
v. to separate and remove what is undesirable and leave what is desirable; to blow away the chaff from again
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zephyr
n. a light, gently breeze