Free Online Vocabulary Test
K12, SAT, GRE, IELTS, TOEFL
Want to know your IELTS vocabulary level? Try the Test Page. You can also Report My Test to us; Our tutors may view your testing and give you a suggestion. It is a FREE service.
Vocabulary Study Online by Level
Vocabulary Study Online
Vocabulary Study Online By Level (VSOBL) is a Fast, Reliable, and Handy tool to prepare English exam vocabulary. (Available for all VIP accounts: US$2/Month). It has built-in word lists: 6000 IELTS words, 6000 TOEFL words, 5000 GRE words, and 3000 SAT words. You can load them by level with one click.
  Academic Words Level 4 - 1 - Words of the GroupNext    
Manage & Mark Words:
Note Panel
Exercise on Demand:
Match Quiz Spell
Make PDF List & Card:
Word List Card Flashcard How to print list How to print cards

IELTS Academic Words Level 4 - 1

View all words of the list        
abbreviation
abolish
aboriginal
abound
abrasion
abridge
abundance
accelerate
acclaim
accommodation
accord
accumulate
accuser
acquaint
adept
adhere
adjacent
adjoin
administrate
adolescence
advent
adverse
aerial
aesthetic
affiliate
affirm
affix
afflict
aggregate
agitation
agreeable
airing
albeit
allege
alleviate
allocate
allot
alloy
alphabetical
ambiguity
ambiguous
amend
amid
amidst
amplify
analyse
analytical
ancestor
anecdote
annihilate
annuity
antagonism
antarctic
anthology
apologetic
apparatus
append
appliance
applicant
appraisal
appreciable
apprentice
approximate
apt
aquatic
arbitrary
archaic
ardent
arduous
armour
arouse
array
ascend
ascent
ascertain
ascribe
aspiration
aspire
assert
assorted
astound
attain
attribute
audible
augment
authoritative
automate
automation
autonomy
auxiliary
avail
avert
aviation
axis
badminton
baffle
bamboo
barometer
barricade
barter
bead
beautician
beneficial
berth
beset
bewilder
bibliography
bilateral
bilingual
bitumen
bloc
blot
blunder
boast
bookcase
bookkeeper
bookstall
boundary
boycott
brashness
brisk
browse
bulge
bungalow
buoyant
bureaucracy
burrow
bustle
calamity
calcium
calorie
canteen
caption
carcass
catalyst
caustic
censor
centenary
certify
characterize
chasm
chaste
chore
chronological
circulate
circumference
cite
clasp
classify
clockwise
cluster
coarse
coeducation
cognitive
coherent
coil
coincide
collaboration
collide
combustible
commemorate
commend
commodity
commonplace
commute
commuter
comparable
compel
compile
complement
compliance
compose
composite
compress
comprise
compulsory
compute
concerted
concise
concoct
concurrent
condense
condolence
confer
configuration
confine
conform
congestion
congruent
conscientious
consecutive
consequent
conservation
conservatory
conserve
consign
consist
consolidate
conspicuous
constituent
constitute
constrain
constrict
construct
contaminate
contemplate
contend
contention
continuity
contradict
contradiction
contrive
convene
converge
converse
conversely
correlate
correspond
correspondence
correspondent
corresponding
cosmopolitan
cosy
counterbalance
counterpart
crater
crease
criterion
crouch
culminate
cultivate
cumbersome
cumulative
curriculum
curtail
custodian
deadlock
dearth
decompose
decrease
decrepit
deduce
deduct
deem
default
defer
defiance
defile
deflate
deflect
defraud
deft
degrade
delectable
delegate
delirium
delude
deluge
demolish
denomination
denote
depict
deplete
depletion
deplore
depress
derelict
derive
descend
designate
desolate
destine
detach
detain
deter
detriment
detrimental
devastate
deviate
devise
devour
diagnose
diagram
dialect
diameter
differentiate
diffuse
dilapidated
dilate
diligent
dilute
diminish
din
dingy
diplomat
disarray
discard
discern
disclose
discord

Word and Definition List
abbreviation   Pronounce
n. [संक्षिप्त] shortening something by omitting parts of it
For example, the word abbreviation can itself be represented by the 'abbrev.'
Show examples and contexts   Close

abolish   Pronounce
v. [समाप्त] cancel; put an end to; destroy completely
In a letter to the British government, the EU has demanded that Britain abolish laws protecting religious freedom rights regarding sexual orientation.
Show examples and contexts   Close

aboriginal   Pronounce
a. [आदिवासी] being the first of its kind in a region; primitive; native
Her studies of the primitive art forms of the aboriginal Indians were widely reported in scientific journals.
Show examples and contexts   Close

abound   Pronounce
v. [घर्षण] be full of; be plentiful
The rooms abound with screaming children.
Show examples and contexts   Close

abrasion   Pronounce
n. [घर्षण] scratch; friction; the process of rubbing away the surface of something
Dust also is a significant cause of the abrasion of book papers and covers.
Show examples and contexts   Close

abridge   Pronounce
v. [संक्षेपण] condense; shorten; reduce length of written text
Because the publishers felt the public wanted a shorter version of War and Peace, they proceeded to abridge the novel.
Show examples and contexts   Close

abundance   Pronounce
n. [बहुतायत] great or plentiful amount; fullness to overflowing
It is good for those who have in abundance to share with those who suffer from want.
Show examples and contexts   Close

accelerate   Pronounce
v. [तेजी लाने] move faster; cause to develop or progress more quickly; occur sooner than expected
Demand for Taiwanese goods likely will accelerate from the second quarter, as strong Asian demand offsets the effects of a U.S. slowdown.
Show examples and contexts   Close

acclaim   Pronounce
v. [प्रशंसा] applaud; announce with great approval
The NBC sportscasters will acclaim every American victory in the Olympics.
Show examples and contexts   Close

accommodation   Pronounce
n. [आवास] living quarters provided for public convenience; something that meets a need; convenience
When traveling, accommodation is a very important issue for most people.
Show examples and contexts   Close

accord   Pronounce
n. [समझौते] settlement or compromise of conflicting opinions; written agreement between two states
Although the accord is a small step forward, politicians worldwide have their work cut out for them.
Show examples and contexts   Close

accumulate   Pronounce
v. [लाजिमी जमा] pile up; collect;  mount up; increase
The tendency of Capital to accumulate is a big threat to the free market.
Show examples and contexts   Close

accuser   Pronounce
n. [] one who accuses; one who brings a charge of crime or fault
I think the right to face your accuser is fundamental in that no one should be convicted on the evidence of an anonymous witness.
Show examples and contexts   Close

acquaint   Pronounce
v. [परिचित कराने का आरोप लगाया] inform about; cause to come to know personally; make familiar
Please acquaint the colleagues with your plans to move faster.
Show examples and contexts   Close

adept   Pronounce
a. [निपुण] expert at; very skilled; having or showing knowledge and skill and aptitude
Williams was known as an adept improviser who effortlessly switched between classical, jazz, and pop styles.
Show examples and contexts   Close

adhere   Pronounce
v. [पालन] stick fast; stick to firmly; be compatible or in accordance with
That is why the claying is necessary; it makes the grain adhere to the earth; otherwise, it would float.
Show examples and contexts   Close

adjacent   Pronounce
a. [आसन्न] adjoining; neighboring; close to; lying near
Philip's best friend Jason lived only four houses down the block, close but not immediately adjacent.
Show examples and contexts   Close

adjoin   Pronounce
v. [सटना] be next to; be contiguous to; border on
A breakfast-room would adjoin the drawing-room, I slipped in there.
Show examples and contexts   Close

administrate   Pronounce
v. [] administer; supply; supervise or be in charge of
Remember that Democrats want to increase spending and create more laws, which creates more government to administrate and enforce.
Show examples and contexts   Close

adolescence   Pronounce
n. [किशोरावस्था] state of growing up from childhood to manhood or womanhood; transitional period between youth and maturity
The big issue in adolescence is that all kids strive for independence.
Show examples and contexts   Close

advent   Pronounce
n. [आगमन] coming or arrival, especially of something extremely important
Reasoning by analogy, we can come to no other conclusion unless their advent is anticipated by the arrival of ready-made colonists from the more advanced earth, like ourselves.
Show examples and contexts   Close

adverse   Pronounce
a. [प्रतिकूल] in opposing direction; harmful or unfavorable; acting or serving to oppose
The recession had a highly adverse effect on his father's investment portfolio: he lost so much money that he could no longer afford the house.
Show examples and contexts   Close

aerial   Pronounce
a. [] of the air or atmosphere; produced by or found in the air; performed in the air
But in aerial combat, the possibility of mechanical failure paled beside the dangers of enemy fire.
Show examples and contexts   Close

aesthetic   Pronounce
a. [सौंदर्य] elegant or tasteful; of or concerning the appreciation of beauty or good taste
Kenneth Cole, the American designer, known for his modern, urban aesthetic, is hawking $35 T-shirts.
Show examples and contexts   Close

affiliate   Pronounce
v. [सहबद्ध] associate; cause a group to become part of or form a close relationship with another
Our Affiliate programs empower our associates to earn commissions and receive ticket discounts.
Show examples and contexts   Close

affirm   Pronounce
v. [वाणी] state something as true; assert; confirm
Briggs calmly took a paper from his pocket and read out in a sort of official voice: 'I affirm and can prove that on the 20th of October.'
Show examples and contexts   Close

affix   Pronounce
v. [प्रत्यय] fasten; append; add on; secure to something
First, the registrar had to add her signature to the license; then, she had to affix her official seal.
Show examples and contexts   Close

afflict   Pronounce
v. [दु: ख] cause pain, suffering, or distress
Restless legs syndrome is thought to afflict millions, though there's an argument about just how many.
Show examples and contexts   Close

aggregate   Pronounce
v. [कुल] gather into a mass, sum, or whole; amount to
Before the Wall Street scandals, dealers managed to aggregate great wealth in short periods of time.
Show examples and contexts   Close

agitation   Pronounce
n. [आंदोलन] anxiety; extreme emotional disturbance
The result of all this agitation is an unsettlement that paralyzes business.
Show examples and contexts   Close

agreeable   Pronounce
a. [सहमत] ready to consent or submit; acceptable
They will have a great deal of money, and you will have none: it is your place to be humble and to try to make yourself agreeable to them.
Show examples and contexts   Close

airing   Pronounce
a. [प्रसारण] exposure to air for freshening or drying; exposure to public attention; radio or television broadcast
The Mass will begin airing at 8 am EST; and will be re-aired at midnight EST.
Show examples and contexts   Close

albeit   Pronounce
ad. [यद्यपि] even though; although; notwithstanding
This question bothers me, albeit from a different perspective.
Show examples and contexts   Close

allege   Pronounce
v. [आरोप] state without proof; assert to be true
If what Justice Department prosecutors allege is true, the five guards should have to answer for what happened on Sept. 16, 2007.
Show examples and contexts   Close

alleviate   Pronounce
v. [कम] provide physical relief, as from pain; make easier; remove in part
This should alleviate the pain; if it does not, we shall have to use stronger drugs.
Show examples and contexts   Close

allocate   Pronounce
v. [आवंटित] assign; distribute according to plan
Even though the Red Cross did allocate a large sum to relieve the sufferers of the disaster, many people perished.
Show examples and contexts   Close

allot   Pronounce
v. [आवंटित] parcel out in parts or portions; distribute to each individual concerned; assign as a share or lot
Who will she allot the easy jobs to?
Show examples and contexts   Close

alloy   Pronounce
v. [मिश्र] combine; mix; make less pure; lessen or moderate
Our concern for Dwight Gooden, who injured his pitching arm in the game,  will alloy our delight at the Yankees' victory.
Show examples and contexts   Close

alphabetical   Pronounce
a. [वर्णमाला] arranged in customary order of the letters of a language
The books are listed in alphabetical order and are as follows.
Show examples and contexts   Close

ambiguity   Pronounce
n. [अस्पष्टता] state of being ambiguous; doubtfulness or uncertainty
This ambiguity is also becoming part of US policy toward Israel; we all have to guess the next step.
Show examples and contexts   Close

ambiguous   Pronounce
a. [अस्पष्ट] unclear or doubtful in meaning
His ambiguous instructions misled us; we did not know which road to take.
Show examples and contexts   Close

amend   Pronounce
v. [संशोधन] change for the better; improve; remove faults or errors
Would McCain amend executive orders to ensure that communications between persons outside government and White House staff are disclosed to the public?
Show examples and contexts   Close

amid   Pronounce
ad. [बीच] in the middle of; among; surrounded by
He and other leaders are more optimistic than eight years ago when Easley began his term amid a recession.
Show examples and contexts   Close

amidst   Pronounce
ad. [राशि] amid; in the middle of; among
He found that a traveler's life includes much pain amidst its enjoyments.
Show examples and contexts   Close

amplify   Pronounce
v. [बढ़ाना] broaden or clarify by expanding; intensify; make larger or more powerful; increase
Charlie Brown tried to amplify his remarks, but jeers from the audience drowned him out.
Show examples and contexts   Close

analyse   Pronounce
v. [] resolve anything complex into its elements; separate into parts for examination of each separately
Don't spend all day calling agents about fees - pick three in your locality and analyse which is the best one.
Show examples and contexts   Close

analytical   Pronounce
a. [विश्लेषणात्मक] of analysis; resolving into elements or parts
He totally lacks the analytical, logical, thoughtful intelligence needed by a leader, much less a President.
Show examples and contexts   Close

ancestor   Pronounce
n. [पूर्वज] forefather; forebear; forerunner or predecessor
He said it was a very old name in that neighborhood, that the house's ancestor was wealthy.
Show examples and contexts   Close

anecdote   Pronounce
n. [किस्सा] a short account of the amusing or interesting event; short narrative; a secret story of history or biography
Of all the millions who are moved by this historic occasion, my anecdote is and would be far less remarkable while I am amongst these.
Show examples and contexts   Close

annihilate   Pronounce
v. [सफाया] destroy completely; reduce to nonexistence
The enemy, in its revenge, tried to annihilate the entire population.
Show examples and contexts   Close

annuity   Pronounce
n. [वार्षिकी] annual payment of allowance or income; periodical payment, amounting to a fixed sum in each year
The annuity he set up with the insurance company supplements his social security benefits to live very comfortably without working.
Show examples and contexts   Close

antagonism   Pronounce
n. [विरोध] active resistance; condition of being an opposing principle, force, or factor
Barry showed his antagonism toward his new stepmother by ignoring her whenever she tried talking to him.
Show examples and contexts   Close

antarctic   Pronounce
a. [अंटार्कटिक] opposite to the northern or arctic pole; relating to the southern pole or the region near it
The scientist has spent six months in the solitudes of the antarctic.
Show examples and contexts   Close

anthology   Pronounce
n. [संकलन] book of literary selections by various authors
The late Isaac Asimov compiled this anthology of science fiction.
Show examples and contexts   Close

apologetic   Pronounce
a. [क्षमाप्रार्थी] offering or expressing an apology or excuse; serving as or containing a formal justification or defense
As they went by, one of their leaders shouted out to me in apologetic explanation.
Show examples and contexts   Close

apparatus   Pronounce
n. [उपकरण] a group of parts that work together to perform a given function; appliance, or device for a particular purpose
When the apparatus is at work, this gas becomes luminous, giving out a white and continuous light.
Show examples and contexts   Close

append   Pronounce
v. [जोड़] attach; add as supplement or appendix
When you append a bibliography to a text, you have just created supplementary material.
Show examples and contexts   Close

appliance   Pronounce
n. [उपकरण] durable goods for home or office use; device or instrument for household use
It has served North Americans with small appliance needs for many years.
Show examples and contexts   Close

applicant   Pronounce
n. [आवेदक] candidate; a person who formally requests something, especially a job
If the applicant doesn't pass the first time, he can try again and again.
Show examples and contexts   Close

appraisal   Pronounce
n. [मूल्यांकन] assessment; evaluation; the classification of someone or something with respect to its worth
An auto damage appraisal firm offering assessments for insurance and private purposes throughout the province.
Show examples and contexts   Close

appreciable   Pronounce
a. [प्रशंसनीय] large enough to be noticed or to affect; perceptible
Her office had no appreciable impact on improving global perceptions of the United States and made things worse in some situations.
Show examples and contexts   Close

apprentice   Pronounce
n. [शिक्षु] works for an expert to learn a trade; beginner; learner
One of the greatest opportunities for the out-of-school unemployed youth will always be found in apprentice programs.
Show examples and contexts   Close

approximate   Pronounce
v. [लगभग] come near or nearer to something or someone in space, time, quality, or amount
The conclusions of yours both approximate the truth.
Show examples and contexts   Close

apt   Pronounce
a. [उपयुक्त] likely; precisely suitable; appropriate; quick to learn or understand
The England coach, Bobby Robson, described it as a miracle, which following 'the Hand-of-God' goal seems supremely apt.
Show examples and contexts   Close

aquatic   Pronounce
a. [जलीय] consisting of, relating to, or being in the water
Paul enjoyed aquatic sports such as scuba diving and snorkeling.
Show examples and contexts   Close

arbitrary   Pronounce
a. [मनमाना] randomly chosen; determined by chance or impulse, and not by reason or principle
He threw an arbitrary assortment of clothes into his suitcase and headed off, not caring where he went.
Show examples and contexts   Close

archaic   Pronounce
a. [पुराने अनुरूप] no longer current or applicable; antiquated
'Methinks,' 'thee,' and 'thou' are archaic words that are no longer part of our normal vocabulary.
Show examples and contexts   Close

ardent   Pronounce
a. [प्रबल] displaying or by strong enthusiasm or devotion; passionate
Her fellow demonstrators were busily making posters and handing out flyers, inspired by her ardent enthusiasm for the cause.
Show examples and contexts   Close

arduous   Pronounce
a. [कठिन] demanding great effort or labor; difficult
Her arduous efforts had sapped her energy.
Show examples and contexts   Close

armour   Pronounce
n. [कवच] defensive covering, as of metal, wood, or leather, worn to protect the body against weapons
He girded himself with armour for the battle.
Show examples and contexts   Close

arouse   Pronounce
v. [जगाना] excite; stimulate; awaken from or as if from sleep
He suddenly seemed to arouse himself: the conviction of the reality seized him.
Show examples and contexts   Close

array   Pronounce
v. [सरणी] set out for display or use; place in orderly arrangement
He requested to array the whole regiment on the parade ground.
Show examples and contexts   Close

ascend   Pronounce
v. [चढ़ना] move up or climb something; mount
Boys ascend through the skylight onto the roof.
Show examples and contexts   Close

ascent   Pronounce
n. [चढ़ाई] upward slope or grade; movement upward
An unforgettable 2-hour ascent follows a 30-minute hike up to the base of the ferrate up the cliff.
Show examples and contexts   Close

ascertain   Pronounce
v. [पता लगाना] find out for certain; discover with certainty; make sure of
Please ascertain her present address.
Show examples and contexts   Close

ascribe   Pronounce
v. [मानो] inscribe or dedicate; attribute to a specified cause, source, or origin; assign as a quality
Other people ascribe his exclusion from the canon to an unsubtle form of racism.
Show examples and contexts   Close

aspiration   Pronounce
n. [आकांक्षा] ambition; something that you hope to achieve
The basic aspiration is that culture should serve as a rallying point for nation-building - in practice, neither the finances nor the security conditions seem very favorable.
Show examples and contexts   Close

aspire   Pronounce
v. [ख्वाहिश] seek to attain; long for; strive toward an end
If you aspire to a career in professional sports, please enroll in a graduate program in sports management.
Show examples and contexts   Close

assert   Pronounce
v. [जोर] declare or state with confidence; put oneself forward boldly
If you quit acting like a wimp and assert yourself a bit more, you'd improve your chances of getting a date.
Show examples and contexts   Close

assorted   Pronounce
a. [मिश्रित] varied;  consisting of various types mixed together  
Watching the large and varied bird population or following assorted trails on horseback.
Show examples and contexts   Close

astound   Pronounce
v. [चकित] affect with wonder; surprise; shock
The past events dovetail into those of the present, with parallels that surprise, astound, shock and delight.
Show examples and contexts   Close

attain   Pronounce
v. [प्राप्त] achieve or accomplish; gain
The scarecrow sought to attain one goal: he wished to obtain a brain.
Show examples and contexts   Close

attribute   Pronounce
n. [गुण] essential quality; reputation; honor
His outstanding attribute was his kindness.
Show examples and contexts   Close

audible   Pronounce
a. [श्रव्य] perceptible; heard or perceptible by the ear
He turned his head slightly, his lips moving in a phrase audible only to the Caverna.
Show examples and contexts   Close

augment   Pronounce
v. [बढ़ाने] make greater, as in size, extent, or quantity
Armies augment their forces by calling up reinforcements.
Show examples and contexts   Close

authoritative   Pronounce
a. [आधिकारिक] weighting authority; peremptory and dictatorial
Impressed by the young researcher's well-documented presentation, we accepted her analysis of the experiment as authoritative.
Show examples and contexts   Close

automate   Pronounce
v. [स्वचालित] replace or enhance human labor with machines
The other reason to automate is to get people out of dangerous circumstances.
Show examples and contexts   Close

automation   Pronounce
n. [स्वचालन] the use of machines and computers that can operate without needing human control
As small business proprietors, most doctors have had little incentive to invest in automation efforts.
Show examples and contexts   Close

autonomy   Pronounce
n. [स्वायत्तता] independence; self-government or the right of self-government; self-determination
The study also called for the three thousand Rapa Nui people of Easter Island to be given greater autonomy.
Show examples and contexts   Close

auxiliary   Pronounce
a. [सहायक] helper, additional or subsidiary
To prepare for the emergency, they built an auxiliary power station.
Show examples and contexts   Close

avail   Pronounce
v. [लाभ] turn to the advantage of; be of service to; profit; promote
When his power ceases to avail, that is when a stronger than he appears upon the scene.
Show examples and contexts   Close

avert   Pronounce
v. [एवियरी] prevent; turn or cause to turn off or away
She had to avert her eyes from the dead cat on the highway.
Show examples and contexts   Close

aviation   Pronounce
n. [विमानन] art or science of flying; flight; aeronautics
A group of British and French civil aviation experts meeting in Paris had failed to develop new proposals to improve Concorde's security.
Show examples and contexts   Close

axis   Pronounce
n. [अक्ष] the center around which something rotates; pivot
Then Tehran was bracketed, along with its old enemy Iraq, and North Korea, in President Bush's evil axis.
Show examples and contexts   Close

badminton   Pronounce
n. [बैडमिंटन] game played on a court with light long-handled rackets
Badminton is a racquet sport played by either two opposing players or two opposing pairs.
Show examples and contexts   Close

baffle   Pronounce
v. [भ्रमित] frustrate as by confusing or perplexing; impede force or movement of
The new code will baffle the enemy agents.
Show examples and contexts   Close

bamboo   Pronounce
n. [बांस] plant of the family of grasses, and genus Bambusa, growing in tropical countries
Many farmers' fields are irrigated by water brought from a river or lake through bamboo pipes.
Show examples and contexts   Close

barometer   Pronounce
n. [बैरोमीटर] an instrument for determining the weight or pressure of the atmosphere
So far, our country's barometer is National Bookstore's and Powerbooks' bestsellers list.
Show examples and contexts   Close

barricade   Pronounce
n. [आड़] hastily put together defensive barrier; obstacle
Marius and his fellow students hurriedly improvised a rough barricade to block police access to the students' quarter.
Show examples and contexts   Close

barter   Pronounce
v. [वस्तु विनिमय] trade goods or services without the exchange of money
Trashbank is an online site where you can barter, buy, sell, trade, or swap your items or services.
Show examples and contexts   Close

bead   Pronounce
n. [मनका] small piece of material, such as glass, plastic, or wood that is pierced for stringing
They started riding towards the store; then up gets one of the boys, draws a steady bead over the wood-rank.
Show examples and contexts   Close

beautician   Pronounce
n. [ब्यूटीशियन] one skilled in giving cosmetic treatments; one who does hair styling, manicures, and other beauty treatments
I now prefer to call a beautician home rather than visit a salon and uncover my head in public.
Show examples and contexts   Close

beneficial   Pronounce
a. [लाभकारी] helpful; tending to promote physical well-being
Tiny Tim's cheerful good nature had a beneficial influence on Scrooge's charitable disposition.
Show examples and contexts   Close

berth   Pronounce
n. [बर्थ] space for the ship to dock or anchor; allotted place; the place to sleep or stay; appointment or job
They might not have to give cats a wide berth for the rest of their lives.
Show examples and contexts   Close

beset   Pronounce
v. [घेर लेना] attack from all sides; trouble persistently; hem in
Many vexing problems beset the American public school system.
Show examples and contexts   Close

bewilder   Pronounce
v. [भुलाना] lead into perplexity or confusion; perplex with mazes
You bewilder us by the city traffic; none of us can back hotel independently.
Show examples and contexts   Close

bibliography   Pronounce
n. [संदर्भ सूची] list of works of a specific author or publisher; list of writings relating to a given subject
Plus, a narrative bibliography is included to discuss the professional literature and topics covered in the book.
Show examples and contexts   Close

bilateral   Pronounce
a. [द्विपक्षीय] two-sided; mutual;  involving two groups or countries  
In general, China does not consider them as refugees but economic migrants and has repatriated those caught on its territory under a bilateral treaty with North Korea.
Show examples and contexts   Close

bilingual   Pronounce
n. [द्विभाषी] using or able to use two languages, especially with equal or nearly equal fluency
The diagram illustrates how the aid of theories provided by monolingual studies was used to investigate reading development in bilingual settings.
Show examples and contexts   Close

bitumen   Pronounce
n. [] mineral pitch; black, tarry substance, burning with a bright flame
In what you might call a giant washing machine, agitation and heat begin to separate the bitumen from the sand.
Show examples and contexts   Close

bloc   Pronounce
n. [गुट] a group of nations, parties, or persons united for common action
Today the Jewish bloc is interested primarily in Palestine and will continue to be an uncertain quantity right up to election time.
Show examples and contexts   Close

blot   Pronounce
n. [धब्बा] spot or stain, as of ink on paper; blur; a weak point or failing
A memory without blot or contamination must be an exquisite treasure: is it not?
Show examples and contexts   Close

blunder   Pronounce
n. [गलती] serious mistake typically caused by ignorance or confusion
The criminal's fatal blunder led to his capture.
Show examples and contexts   Close

boast   Pronounce
v. [घमंड] show off oneself;  speak of with excessive pride
Many of the sports facilities are already in place, and the city can boast one of the most compact proposals running alongside the Moscow river.
Show examples and contexts   Close

bookcase   Pronounce
n. [किताबों की अलमारी] case with shelves for holding books, especially one with glazed doors
They bought a bookcase to put the books and notebooks on.
Show examples and contexts   Close

bookkeeper   Pronounce
n. [मुनीम] one who keeps accounts; one who has charge of keeping books and accounts in an office
Eric earned his bread and butter as a bookkeeper but added a little jam by working with a dance band on weekends.
Show examples and contexts   Close

bookstall   Pronounce
n. [बुकस्टाल] stall where books are sold, as on the street; table with enclosed sides, for displaying books for sale
Even the tiny bookstall at Sheffield railway station had a full set of the Lensman novels.
Show examples and contexts   Close

boundary   Pronounce
n. [सीमा] dividing line; border; frontier
Planning drawings sometimes show a boundary line, though there is no legal requirement for it.
Show examples and contexts   Close

boycott   Pronounce
v. [बहिष्कार] refrain from buying or using
Cesar Chavez called for consumers to boycott grapes to put pressure on grape growers to stop using pesticides that harmed the farm workers' health.
Show examples and contexts   Close

brashness   Pronounce
n. [brashness] characteristic of being brash; the trait of being rash and hasty; tasteless showiness
The brashness is gone; there seems to be more patient, as long as it's not about his other love - horse racing.
Show examples and contexts   Close

brisk   Pronounce
a. [तेज] marked by speed, liveliness, and vigor; energetic; swift; keen or sharp in speech or manner
'Come in!' Called a brisk, familiar voice as Ronny knocked lightly on the almost closed door.
Show examples and contexts   Close

browse   Pronounce
v. [ब्राउज़] graze; skim or glance at casually
'How now, brown cow, browsing in the green, green grass.' I remember lines of verse that I came across while I browsed through the bookstore's poetry section.
Show examples and contexts   Close

bulge   Pronounce
v. [उभाड़ना] cause to curve outward; swell up; stick out; protrude
When the inserted balloon is filled with water, they bulge out in a variety of shapes.
Show examples and contexts   Close

bungalow   Pronounce
n. [बंगला] small house or cottage usually having a single story and attic
Every summer, we rent a bungalow on Cape Cod for our vacation home.
Show examples and contexts   Close

buoyant   Pronounce
a. [प्रसन्नचित्त] able to float; cheerful and optimistic
When the boat capsized, her buoyant life jacket kept Jody afloat.
Show examples and contexts   Close

bureaucracy   Pronounce
n. [नौकरशाही] over-regulated administrative system
The Internal Revenue Service is the ultimate bureaucracy; taxpayers wasted so much paper filling out IRS forms to comply with the Paper-work Reduction Act.
Show examples and contexts   Close

burrow   Pronounce
n. [बिल] tunnel; hole in the ground made by an animal for shelter; moving through by or as by digging
They will return to breed in the fall, and the male will reclaim his burrow, waiting to reconnect with his mate.
Show examples and contexts   Close

bustle   Pronounce
v. [हलचल] move or cause to move energetically and busily; teem
David and the children bustle about the house getting in each other's way as they try to pack for the camping trip.
Show examples and contexts   Close

calamity   Pronounce
n. [आपदा] the event that brings terrible loss, lasting distress, or severe affliction; disaster; misery
As news of the calamity spread, offers of relief poured into the stricken community.
Show examples and contexts   Close

calcium   Pronounce
n. [कैल्शियम] silvery, moderately hard metallic element
We need some calcium every day; it is an essential element for bone health.
Show examples and contexts   Close

calorie   Pronounce
n. [कैलोरी] unit of heat equal to the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water by 1 degree
It's quite likely that a reduction in calorie intake yields a reduction in metabolic rates.
Show examples and contexts   Close

canteen   Pronounce
n. [उम्मीदवार कैंटीन] a vessel used by soldiers for carrying water or other drinks; snack bar or small cafeteria
Collins filled his canteen from the water barrel and dug out a box of shells for the shotgun.
Show examples and contexts   Close

caption   Pronounce
n. [शीर्षक] title; chapter heading; text under illustration
We got a caption error in The Far Side cartoons shown yesterday.
Show examples and contexts   Close

carcass   Pronounce
n. [जिस्म] the dead body of an animal, especially one slaughtered and dressed for food
Hunters must check the animals in at stations while the carcass is still fresh.
Show examples and contexts   Close

catalyst   Pronounce
n. [उत्प्रेरक] an agent which brings about chemical change while it remains unaffected and unchanged
Many chemical reactions cannot take place without the presence of a catalyst.
Show examples and contexts   Close

caustic   Pronounce
a. [कास्टिक] capable of burning, corroding, dissolving, or eating away by chemical action
The critic's caustic remarks angered the hapless actors who were the subjects of his sarcasm.
Show examples and contexts   Close

censor   Pronounce
n. [कठोर] overseer of morals; official responsible for removal of objectionable or sensitive content
Soldiers dislike having their mail read by a censor but understand the need for this precaution.
Show examples and contexts   Close

centenary   Pronounce
a. [शताब्दी] relating to a 100-year period; occurring once every 100 years
The bridge, restored for its centenary, is a worthy contribution to future tourism in Durango state.
Show examples and contexts   Close

certify   Pronounce
v. [प्रमाणित] give certain information to; assure; make certain
That section that requires to certify is the search will not involve 'the premises, information, material, or property of a United States person.'
Show examples and contexts   Close

characterize   Pronounce
v. [विशेषताएँ] distinguish; be characteristic of; be a distinctive trait or mark of
Clarity and reasonableness in this essay again characterize Chris's writing.
Show examples and contexts   Close

chasm   Pronounce
n. [खाई] deep opening in the earth surface
They could not see the bottom of the chasm.
Show examples and contexts   Close

chaste   Pronounce
a. [पवित्र] morally pure in thought or conduct; decent and modest
However, if he remarried or did not remain chaste, the money would pass to her mother.
Show examples and contexts   Close

chore   Pronounce
n. [घर का काम] a specific piece of work required to be done as a duty or for a specific fee
This chore duty is an extension of the laundry duty.
Show examples and contexts   Close

chronological   Pronounce
a. [कालानुक्रमिक] arranged in order of time of occurrence
A public library has sponsored guide to cover letter writing, chronological samples, and resume templates.
Show examples and contexts   Close

circulate   Pronounce
v. [प्रसारित] move through space, circuit, or system, returning to the starting point
The doctor shows me how blood to circulate in my veins in pictures.
Show examples and contexts   Close

circumference   Pronounce
n. [परिधि] the boundary line of a circle,  figure, area, or object
The earth has a circumference of approximately 24900 miles.
Show examples and contexts   Close

cite   Pronounce
v. [तलब] quote; adduce as an instance
She could cite passages in the Bible from memory.
Show examples and contexts   Close

clasp   Pronounce
n. [लगाना] fastening device; firm grip
When the clasp on Judy's bracelet broke, Fred repaired it, bending the hook back into shape.
Show examples and contexts   Close

classify   Pronounce
v. [वर्गीकृत] declare unavailable, as for security reasons; arrange or order by classes or categories
The US government agency responsible to classify viruses, the Centre for Disease Control, says it was in the process of deciding whether to change the strain's classification.
Show examples and contexts   Close

clockwise   Pronounce
ad. [दक्षिणावर्त] in the direction that the hands of a clock move
Please move clockwise in a circle.
Show examples and contexts   Close

cluster   Pronounce
n. [क्लस्टर क्लिक करें] group; bunch; group of the same or similar elements gathered or occurring closely
The powerful earthquake, measuring 6.8 on the Richter Scale, struck a cluster of small villages and towns in Xinjiang's remote region.
Show examples and contexts   Close

coarse   Pronounce
a. [मोटे] rough; harsh; of low, common, or inferior quality
Trade in coarse grains, dairy products, and beef is also the subject of special attention, looking towards freer and better managed trading arrangements.
Show examples and contexts   Close

coeducation   Pronounce
n. [coeducation] system of education in which both men and women attend the same institution or classes
I now serve as president of Oberlin College, the first college in America to admit students of color and women to coeducation.
Show examples and contexts   Close

cognitive   Pronounce
a. [संज्ञानात्मक] knowing or perceiving; part of mental functions that deals with logic
Though Jack was emotionally immature, his cognitive development was admirable; he was very advanced intellectually.
Show examples and contexts   Close

coherent   Pronounce
a. [सुसंगत] adhesive; sticking together; capable of thinking and expressing yourself in a clear and consistent manner
If the EU is to form any coherent common foreign policy, it needs France and Britain singing from the same song sheet.
Show examples and contexts   Close

coil   Pronounce
n. [कुंडल] a series of connected spirals or concentric rings formed by gathering or winding; spiral pipe or series of spiral pipes
A divergent bundle of electrons passing through the coil is focused to a point.
Show examples and contexts   Close

coincide   Pronounce
v. [मेल] occur at the same time as; correspond
To coincide with World AIDS Day, the World Health Organization and UN AIDS are launching a campaign to treat three million HIV sufferers by 2005.
Show examples and contexts   Close

collaboration   Pronounce
n. [सहयोग] act of working together; act of cooperating with an enemy, especially it occupying one's own country
This is something that I can see as a potential long-term relationship rather than a short-term collaboration.
Show examples and contexts   Close

collide   Pronounce
v. [टकराने] bump; hit something violently
Two small planes collide over Florida Everglades and crash into a swamp, no survivors.
Show examples and contexts   Close

combustible   Pronounce
a. [दहनशील] capable of igniting and burning; easily aroused or excited
After the recent fires in private homes, the fire commissioner ordered that all combustible materials be kept in safe containers.
Show examples and contexts   Close

commemorate   Pronounce
v. [मनाने] serve as a memorial to; honor the memory of with a ceremony
The story of Fairchild that Mr. Moore was helping to commemorate is well-known in Silicon Valley.
Show examples and contexts   Close

commend   Pronounce
v. [सराहना] commit, entrust, or give in charge for care or preservation; recommend as worthy of confidence or regard
I will commend the child to her sister's care.
Show examples and contexts   Close

commodity   Pronounce
n. [वस्तु] goods; article of trade; advantage; benefit
While some world stock and commodity markets show signs of calming down, China is usually an exception.
Show examples and contexts   Close

commonplace   Pronounce
a. [आम] ordinary; having no remarkable features
We think the key to making this stuff more commonplace is keeping it affordable for everyone.
Show examples and contexts   Close

commute   Pronounce
v. [पहनना] obtain or bargain for exemption or substitution; regularly travel from a place of residence to another place
In exchange for cooperating with detectives on another case, he criminally tried to commute his charges.
Show examples and contexts   Close

commuter   Pronounce
n. [कम्यूटर] someone who regularly travels from home in a suburb to work in a city
Vancouver is increasingly becoming a commuter city.
Show examples and contexts   Close

comparable   Pronounce
a. [तुलनीय] similar or equivalent; being of equal regard; worthy of being ranked with
People whose jobs are comparable in difficulty should receive similar pay.
Show examples and contexts   Close

compel   Pronounce
v. [बाध्य] force; coerce; necessitate or pressure by force
Why, Jane, what would you have? I fear you will compel me to go through a private marriage ceremony.
Show examples and contexts   Close

compile   Pronounce
v. [संकलन] put together or compose from materials gathered from several sources
We planned to compile a list of the words most frequently used on these examinations.
Show examples and contexts   Close

complement   Pronounce
v. [पूरक] complete; consummate; make perfect
The waiter recommended a glass of port to complement the cheese.
Show examples and contexts   Close

compliance   Pronounce
n. [अनुपालन] readiness to yield; happy friendly agreement
Bullheaded Bill was not noted for easy compliance with the demands of others.
Show examples and contexts   Close

compose   Pronounce
v. [रचना] write; create; make or create by putting together parts or elements
As you begin to compose, improvise on that melody and see where it naturally wants to take you.
Show examples and contexts   Close

composite   Pronounce
a. [संयुक्त] made up of distinct parts or elements; compounded
The Living area is a rectangular space, eighty percent enclosed by retractable glass walls and single-span composite timber beams supporting the sub-roof ceiling.
Show examples and contexts   Close

compress   Pronounce
v. [सेक] close; squeeze or press together; contract
She has to compress the package under her arm.
Show examples and contexts   Close

comprise   Pronounce
v. [समावेश करना] include; consist of; be composed of
If the District of Columbia were to be granted statehood, the United States of America would comprise fifty-one states, not just fifty.
Show examples and contexts   Close

compulsory   Pronounce
a. [अनिवार्य] mandatory; obligatory; required by rule
In 2004 Britain introduced a compulsory citizenship ceremony which required new citizens to take a broader oath promising to respect Britain's rights, freedoms, and laws.
Show examples and contexts   Close

compute   Pronounce
v. [गणना] reckon; make a mathematical calculation
He failed to compute the interest, so his bank balance was not accurate.
Show examples and contexts   Close

concerted   Pronounce
a. [ठोस] planned or accomplished together; combined
All the Girl Scouts made a concerted effort to raise funds for their annual outing.
Show examples and contexts   Close

concise   Pronounce
a. [संक्षिप्त] brief and compact; expressing much in few words
When you define a new word, be concise: the shorter the definition, the easier it is to remember.
Show examples and contexts   Close

concoct   Pronounce
v. [गढ़ना] digest; convert into nourishment by the organs of nutrition
It really does make you look rather stupid and like you're trying to concoct something where nothing exists.
Show examples and contexts   Close

concurrent   Pronounce
a. [समवर्ती] simultaneous; coincident; occurring or operating at the same time
The Winter War fought between Finland, and the Soviet Union was a concurrent war to World War II, and thus is covered in its own main article.
Show examples and contexts   Close

condense   Pronounce
v. [गाढ़ा] change from a gaseous to a liquid state and fall in drops; compress or concentrate
This showed that the more we condense air, the fitter we make it for purposes of combustion.
Show examples and contexts   Close

condolence   Pronounce
n. [संवेदना] expression of sympathy with another in sorrow or grief.
The FBI has seized a two-page, handwritten letter of condolence sent by Jacqueline Kennedy to the widow of Robert F. Kennedy shortly after he was assassinated in 1968.
Show examples and contexts   Close

confer   Pronounce
v. [प्रदान] bestow; present; have a conference in order to talk something over
I need some time to confer with my lawyer.
Show examples and contexts   Close

configuration   Pronounce
n. [विन्यास] arrangement of parts or elements; outline
The outcome depends on the configuration of influences at the time.
Show examples and contexts   Close

confine   Pronounce
v. [सीमित] restrict in movement; circumscribe
You may take the maniac with you to England; confine her with due attendance and precautions at Thornfield.
Show examples and contexts   Close

conform   Pronounce
v. [अनुरूप] comply with; follow; fit; meet
Why, in defiance of every precept and principle of this house, does she conform to the world so openly?
Show examples and contexts   Close

congestion   Pronounce
n. [जमाव] act of gathering or heaping together or forming a mass
International contractors started tunneling under this city of fifteen million to help relieve horrendous congestion.
Show examples and contexts   Close

congruent   Pronounce
a. [अनुकूल] possessing congruity; suitable; agreeing; corresponding
I would have definitely given the film more marks were it something more congruent with my tastes.
Show examples and contexts   Close

conscientious   Pronounce
a. [ईमानदार] diligent; responsible; reliable
He made me feel what severe punishment a good yet stern, conscientious yet implacable man can inflict on one who has offended him.
Show examples and contexts   Close

consecutive   Pronounce
a. [लगातार] following one after another without interruption; sequential
The consecutive file saving method also created some problems.
Show examples and contexts   Close

consequent   Pronounce
a. [फलस्वरूप] resulting; following as a logical conclusion
His retirement and consequent spare time enabled him to travel more.
Show examples and contexts   Close

conservation   Pronounce
n. [संरक्षण] preservation or restoration from loss, damage, or neglect
According to new research, rapid and large-scale natural habitats have already affected biodiversity in the area, and urgent conservation efforts are now needed.
Show examples and contexts   Close

conservatory   Pronounce
n. [गरम] greenhouse; school of music or dramatic art
Even though he was not conservatory trained, his passion for music took him to the point where eventually he was considered one of the best guitar accompanists in Cuba.
Show examples and contexts   Close

conserve   Pronounce
v. [संरक्षण] retain; protect from loss or harm; preserve; use carefully or sparingly, avoiding waste
One way to conserve is to make cars more efficient.
Show examples and contexts   Close

consign   Pronounce
v. [सुपुर्द] give, transfer, or deliver formally, as if by signing over into the possession of another
Perhaps it would be better to consign it to a place where others may not so readily gain access to it.
Show examples and contexts   Close

consist   Pronounce
v. [मिलकर] be made up or composed; be comprised or contained in
A sudden renewed interest in action movies from the early nineties whose titles consist of three words, one of which is usually either 'kill,' 'law' or 'justice.'
Show examples and contexts   Close

consolidate   Pronounce
v. [समेकित] make solid; unite or press together into a compact mass; harden or make dense and firm
He bribes his leader to consolidate his position.
Show examples and contexts   Close

conspicuous   Pronounce
a. [विशिष्ट] noticeable; prominent; easy to notice; obvious
The next morning, Miss Scatcherd wrote in conspicuous characters on a piece of pasteboard the word 'Slattern.'
Show examples and contexts   Close

constituent   Pronounce
n. [घटक] component or part; citizen, voter
A machine will not function properly if any constituent of it is defective.
Show examples and contexts   Close

constitute   Pronounce
v. [गठन] make up; form something
She went to the open door, stood in it, and looked out among the tomato vines that would constitute the garden.
Show examples and contexts   Close

constrain   Pronounce
v. [विवश] restrain; keep within close bounds; confine
His idea is to constrain commercial banks' lending.
Show examples and contexts   Close

constrict   Pronounce
v. [कसना] restrict; shrink; make smaller or narrower by binding or squeezing
Freezing temperatures also constrict peripheral blood vessels, further stressing the heart.
Show examples and contexts   Close

construct   Pronounce
v. [निर्माण] form by assembling or combining parts; build; create
After all, perhaps there were different ways to construct machines that would have different properties.
Show examples and contexts   Close

contaminate   Pronounce
v. [दूषित] make impure or unclean by contact or mixture; pollute; defile
Compact fluorescent light bulbs contaminate the environment with 30000 pounds of mercury each year.
Show examples and contexts   Close

contemplate   Pronounce
v. [विचार] look at attentively and thoughtfully; observe deep in thought
He used to contemplate the problem from all sides.
Show examples and contexts   Close

contend   Pronounce
v. [संघर्ष] strive in opposition; contest; dispute; struggle for
John has to contend with great difficulties in coming IELTS test.
Show examples and contexts   Close

contention   Pronounce
n. [विवाद] competing as for any profit or prize
The teams were in fierce contention for first place.
Show examples and contexts   Close

continuity   Pronounce
n. [निरंतरता] property of a continuous and connected period of time
I think you need to hire someone to maintain continuity on your blog if you intend to have any longevity.
Show examples and contexts   Close

contradict   Pronounce
v. [खंडन] confront; state the opposite of what someone has said
Now act as you please: write and contradict my assertion--expose my falsehood as soon as you like.
Show examples and contexts   Close

contradiction   Pronounce
n. [विरोधाभास] the assertion of contrary; denial of the truth of a statement; opposition, whether by argument or conduct
A contradiction is the signal of defeat with formal logic, but in the evolution of real knowledge, it marks the first step in progress toward a victory.
Show examples and contexts   Close

contrive   Pronounce
v. [ईजाद] form by an exercise of ingenuity; invent or design
Can you contrive to escape here early?
Show examples and contexts   Close

convene   Pronounce
v. [बुलाई] cause to come together formally
Six days' public notice must be given when announcing the meeting schedules, meaning the earliest the board can next convene is July 24.
Show examples and contexts   Close

converge   Pronounce
v. [एकाग्र] approach; tend to meet; come together
African-American men from all over the United States will converge on Washington to participate in the historic Million Men march.
Show examples and contexts   Close

converse   Pronounce
v. [बातचीत] chat; talk informally; engage in a spoken exchange of thoughts
Eva is all ears while Lulu and Lola converse.
Show examples and contexts   Close

conversely   Pronounce
ad. [इसके विपरीत] in a converse manner; with change of order or relation; reciprocally.
Economies don't get in trouble overnight and, conversely, don't improve overnight.
Show examples and contexts   Close

correlate   Pronounce
v. [सहसंबंधी] relate; associate; bring into a mutual relation
I cannot correlate these two pieces of information.
Show examples and contexts   Close

correspond   Pronounce
v. [अनुरूप] be compatible, similar or consistent; exchange messages
My Russian pen pal and I correspond for several years.
Show examples and contexts   Close

correspondence   Pronounce
n. [पत्राचार] similarity or analogy; communication by the exchange of letters
For a long time, he had been in correspondence with the chief banks in Shanghai and Macao.
Show examples and contexts   Close

correspondent   Pronounce
a. [संवाददाता] one who communicates information, especially, by letter or telegram to newspaper or periodical
Our correspondent of Hong Kong compiled the information below.
Show examples and contexts   Close

corresponding   Pronounce
a. [इसी] accompanying; analogous or equivalent in character, form, or function; comparable
She pointed to a wide arch corresponding to the window and hung like it with a Tyrian-dyed curtain, now looped up.
Show examples and contexts   Close

cosmopolitan   Pronounce
a. [महानगरीय] sophisticated; of worldwide scope
Her years in the capitol had transformed her into a cosmopolitan young woman highly aware of international affairs.
Show examples and contexts   Close

cosy   Pronounce
n. [आरामदायक] padded or knitted covering placed especially over a teapot to keep the tea hot; cozy
A teapot under a cosy is stewing, not brewing, the tea.
Show examples and contexts   Close

counterbalance   Pronounce
v. [] act as force or influence that balances, checks, or limits an opposite one
It is common in America to counterbalance a Democratic president with Republicans in the Congress and vice versa.
Show examples and contexts   Close

counterpart   Pronounce
n. [समकक्ष] duplicate copy; one that closely resembles another
Robinson becomes the Bishop of New Hampshire only weeks after John, his counterpart, was forced to stand down for fear his election would divide the Church.
Show examples and contexts   Close

crater   Pronounce
n. [crater] a bowl-shaped opening at the top of a volcano
At least one village about three kilometers from the crater has been covered in volcanic ash dusting.
Show examples and contexts   Close

crease   Pronounce
n. [क्रीज] a line or long thin mark made by folding or doubling
He cut across the crease from the left side.
Show examples and contexts   Close

criterion   Pronounce
n. [मापदंड] standard of judging; any approved or established rule or test
Among the reasons for adding this as a criterion is an obvious point that Nobel wanted the Prize to have political effects.
Show examples and contexts   Close

crouch   Pronounce
v. [झुकना] bend down; stoop low; lie close to the ground with the legs bent, as an animal when waiting for prey or in fear
They did not crouch under the oppression.
Show examples and contexts   Close

culminate   Pronounce
v. [पुलिया] reach the highest or most decisive point;  rise to the summit
Wednesday's anniversary is to culminate in a recreation of the student march that started the Velvet Revolution.
Show examples and contexts   Close

cultivate   Pronounce
v. [खेती] improve and prepare, as by plowing or fertilizing, for raising crops; promote the growth of
I think probably the most popular habit we writers cultivate is having coffee to hand.
Show examples and contexts   Close

cumbersome   Pronounce
a. [culminate बोझिल] heavy; difficult to handle because of weight or bulk
He was burdened down with cumbersome parcels.
Show examples and contexts   Close

cumulative   Pronounce
a. [संचयी] increasing by successive addition
Vocabulary building is a cumulative process: as you go through your flashcards, you will add new words to your vocabulary, one by one.
Show examples and contexts   Close

curriculum   Pronounce
n. [पाठ्यक्रम] the subjects comprising a course of study in a school or college; course or program
While these arguments about evolution are in the UK, a minister says that Intelligent Design is not included in the national curriculum and should not be taught in schools.
Show examples and contexts   Close

curtail   Pronounce
v. [कटौती] cut short or reduce; cut off end or tail, or any part
When Herb asked Diane for a date, she said she was really sorry she couldn't go out with him; her dad had ordered her to curtail her social life.
Show examples and contexts   Close

custodian   Pronounce
n. [संरक्षक] a person who has responsibility for or looks after something; guardian
Every veteran has his or her own war, and each is the custodian of a unique story and memories.
Show examples and contexts   Close

deadlock   Pronounce
n. [गतिरोध विचित्र] standstill resulting from the opposition of two forces or factions; stalemate
Because negotiations had reached a deadlock, some of the delegates had begun to mutter about breaking off the talks.
Show examples and contexts   Close

dearth   Pronounce
n. [कमी] scarcity; shortage of food; famine from failure or loss of crops
The dearth of skilled labor compelled employers to open trade schools.
Show examples and contexts   Close

decompose   Pronounce
v. [सड़ना] decay, or to cause something to decay
Unless the plastic is specially designed to decompose in the soil, such materials can last a very long time.
Show examples and contexts   Close

decrease   Pronounce
v. [कमी] lessen; reduce; make a quantity smaller
Can I increase or decrease the sum insured under the council home contents insurance policy?
Show examples and contexts   Close

decrepit   Pronounce
a. [पुराना] weakened, worn out, or broken down by old age, illness, or hard use
The decrepit car blocked traffic on the highway.
Show examples and contexts   Close

deduce   Pronounce
v. [परिणाम निकालना] lead forth; conclude by reasoning; trace the origin or derivation of
Our investors deduce from the figures that the report shows.
Show examples and contexts   Close

deduct   Pronounce
v. [घटा] lead forth or out; take away, separate, or remove, in numbering, estimating, or calculating; subtract
I will deduct tax from your salary.
Show examples and contexts   Close

deem   Pronounce
v. [समझना] decide; judge; sentence; condemn
I am simply going to keep looking forward and do what I deem is right.
Show examples and contexts   Close

default   Pronounce
n. [मूलभूत] failure to act; an option that is selected automatically
When the visiting team failed to show up for the big game, they lost the game by default.
Show examples and contexts   Close

defer   Pronounce
v. [स्थगित] delay till later; put off; hold back to a later time
I would again defer to responsible judgment when we're dealing with this kind of thing.
Show examples and contexts   Close

defiance   Pronounce
n. [अवज्ञा] refusal to yield; readiness to contend or resist
Now I feel by imperceptible signs, which I cannot yet interpret but will later, that his defiance is about to thaw.
Show examples and contexts   Close

defile   Pronounce
v. [अशुद्ध] pollute; make dirty or spotty
The hoodlums defile the church with their scurrilous writing.
Show examples and contexts   Close

deflate   Pronounce
v. [खंडन करना] reduce from an inflated condition; release contained air or gas from
His goal must be to deflate the opposition, not to encourage it.
Show examples and contexts   Close

deflect   Pronounce
v. [मोड़ना] turn aside; draw someone's attention away from something
No one believed that his life was saved because his cigarette case could deflect the bullet.
Show examples and contexts   Close

defraud   Pronounce
v. [छलना] deprive of some right, interest, or property, by a deceitful device
Are you saying that Socialism Welfare states don't defraud, mislead, and embezzle?
Show examples and contexts   Close

deft   Pronounce
a. [निपुण] quick and skillful; neat in action or performance
The deft waiter uncorked the champagne without spilling a drop.
Show examples and contexts   Close

degrade   Pronounce
v. [नीचा] reduce level; lower grade of something
To reduce in worth or value: degrade a currency.
Show examples and contexts   Close

delectable   Pronounce
a. [मनोरम] delightful; delicious; extremely pleasing to the sense of taste
We thanked our host for a most delectable meal.
Show examples and contexts   Close

delegate   Pronounce
n. [प्रतिनिधि] a person authorized to act as a representative for another; deputy
Some religious groups are boycotting the event, but one delegate told the BBC that it was vital to work with the Americans to get Iraq up and running again.
Show examples and contexts   Close

delirium   Pronounce
n. [प्रलाप] a mental disorder marked by confusion
In his delirium, the drunkard saw pink panthers and talking pigs.
Show examples and contexts   Close

delude   Pronounce
v. [भुलाना] deceive mind or judgment of; lead from truth or into error; frustrate or disappoint
His mistress may delude herself into believing that he would leave his wife and marry her.
Show examples and contexts   Close

deluge   Pronounce
n. [बाढ़] great flood; heavy downpour; any overflowing of water
When we advertised the position, we received a deluge of applications.
Show examples and contexts   Close

demolish   Pronounce
v. [ध्वस्त] raze; destroy; do away with completely; put an end to
Authorities plan to demolish many buildings left weakened by the quake, which is threatening to fall.
Show examples and contexts   Close

denomination   Pronounce
n. [मज़हब] class, society, or collection of individuals called by the same name; specifically, a religious sect
Every denomination is experiencing tension, and Southern Baptists are no exception.
Show examples and contexts   Close

denote   Pronounce
v. [निरूपित] indicate; signify directly; refer to specifically
The word 'sex' is simply that—a word to denote whether a person is male or female.
Show examples and contexts   Close

depict   Pronounce
v. [दर्शाती] represent in a picture or sculpture; portray in words; describe
Here, we can see how the author to depict Beatle John Lennon as a drug-crazed neurotic.
Show examples and contexts   Close

deplete   Pronounce
v. [खलाना] decrease fullness of; use up or empty out
We must wait until we deplete our present inventory before we order replacements.
Show examples and contexts   Close

depletion   Pronounce
n. [कमी] act of emptying, reducing, or exhausting
Freshwater depletion is especially worrisome in Egypt, Libya, and several Persian Gulf states.
Show examples and contexts   Close

deplore   Pronounce
v. [निंदा करना] feel or express strong disapproval of; condemn; express sorrow or grief over; regret
Although I deplore the vulgarity of your language, I defend your right to express yourself freely.
Show examples and contexts   Close

depress   Pronounce
v. [दबाना] lower in spirits; press down
There are hopes that this could help to revive the internet and technology sector, which has shown to depress since the dot-com crash of 2000.
Show examples and contexts   Close

derelict   Pronounce
a. [परित्यक्त] left and abandoned; negligent in performing a duty
As a former South Chicago community organizer, the President knows all about schools in derelict areas.
Show examples and contexts   Close

derive   Pronounce
v. [निकाले जाते हैं] obtain or receive from a source; trace the origin or development of
For I knew Diana and Mary would derive more pleasure from seeing the old homely tables than from the spectacle of the smartest innovations again.
Show examples and contexts   Close

descend   Pronounce
v. [उतरना] move downward and lower; come from; be connected by a relationship of blood
You could see a rough path descend like a steep stair into the plain.
Show examples and contexts   Close

designate   Pronounce
v. [नामित] indicate or specify; point out; assign a name or title to
I did not designate Mr. Irons as my representative, and as far as I know, he acted on his own initiative and spoke for himself.
Show examples and contexts   Close

desolate   Pronounce
a. [उजाड़] unpopulated; providing no shelter or sustenance; devoid of inhabitants
The sounds of Nature are detailed with great delicacy in this appeal, and we see that the Alps are referred to as desolate regions.
Show examples and contexts   Close

destine   Pronounce
v. [नियत] intend or choose someone or something for a particular purpose or end  
Since last October, the eight elephants, which were to destine for zoos in Sydney and Melbourne, have been in quarantine in Thailand.
Show examples and contexts   Close

detach   Pronounce
v. [अलग] part; separate or disunite; disengage
He tried to detach the link from the chain.
Show examples and contexts   Close

detain   Pronounce
v. [रोकेंगे] keep back or from; withhold; restrain from proceeding; stay or stop; delay
The power to detain people without filing criminal charges against them is dictatorial.
Show examples and contexts   Close

deter   Pronounce
v. [रोकते] keep from; stop; prevent or discourage from acting
He hopes a charge would not deter people from enjoying this great invention.
Show examples and contexts   Close

detriment   Pronounce
n. [हानि] harm; damage; injury; something that causes damage, harm, or loss
Any short-term detriment will be overwhelmed by the long-term utility of a station at Woolwich.
Show examples and contexts   Close

detrimental   Pronounce
a. [हानिकारक] causing damage or harm; injurious
The acceptance of a financial contributions from a well-known racist ultimately proved detrimental to his campaign, for he lost the backing of early grassroots supporters.
Show examples and contexts   Close

devastate   Pronounce
v. [उजाड़ना] ruin; lay waste; destroy; make desolate
She says the disease can devastate Sudan, as HIV spreads quickly among the nation's youth.
Show examples and contexts   Close

deviate   Pronounce
v. [हटना] turn away from a principle, norm; depart; diverge
Richard did not deviate from his daily routine: every day, he set off for work at eight o'clock, had his sack lunch at 12:15, and headed home at the stroke of five.
Show examples and contexts   Close

devise   Pronounce
v. [चिंतन करना] form, plan, or arrange in mind; transmit or give by will
How clever he must be to devise such a devious plan!.
Show examples and contexts   Close

devour   Pronounce
v. [भस्म] consume; eat greedily; destroy completely
He seemed to devour me with his flaming glance: physically, I felt, at the moment, powerless as stubble exposed to the draught and glow of a furnace.
Show examples and contexts   Close

diagnose   Pronounce
v. [निदान] analyze; examine; identify the cause of something
How to diagnose a sick fish by their behavioral changes and what you can do to cure the illness.
Show examples and contexts   Close

diagram   Pronounce
n. [चित्र] graph; chart; figure or drawing made to illustrate a statement; plan
The pie diagram shows the level of spending on health in Japan.
Show examples and contexts   Close

dialect   Pronounce
n. [भाषा] vocabulary that is for a specific group of people
The immigrants spoke an odd dialect of English.
Show examples and contexts   Close

diameter   Pronounce
n. [व्यास] length of a straight line passing through the center of a circle and connecting two points on the circumference
The recommendations on dish diameter are based on the use of a perfectly shaped parabolic dish.
Show examples and contexts   Close

differentiate   Pronounce
v. [अंतर] set apart; distinguish; perceive or show the difference in or between
You can differentiate car parts using different color markers; maybe you use one color for the left side and another for the right.
Show examples and contexts   Close

diffuse   Pronounce
v. [फैलाना] spread out widely; scatter freely; pour out and cause to spread freely
Hamilton wished to concentrate power; Jefferson to diffuse power.
Show examples and contexts   Close

dilapidated   Pronounce
a. [जीर्ण] in disrepair, run-down; of very poor quality or condition
Rather than get discouraged, the architect saw great potential in the dilapidated house.
Show examples and contexts   Close

dilate   Pronounce
v. [चौड़ा करना] make wider or larger; cause to expand; enlarge; widen
I just had an eye exam, and that eye drops that dilate your eyes make things fuzzy!
Show examples and contexts   Close

diligent   Pronounce
a. [मेहनती] assiduous; industrious; hard-working
It gratified all the vicious vanity in him, so instead of winning him, it only set him up the more and made him the more diligent to avoid betraying what he knew.
Show examples and contexts   Close

dilute   Pronounce
v. [पतला] weaken; make thinner or less concentrated by adding a liquid such as water
A couple of years back, you very loudly opposed the creation of '60 MINUTES 2'; I think it might dilute the brand you helped build up.
Show examples and contexts   Close

diminish   Pronounce
v. [कम] dwindle; reduce; make smaller or less or to cause to appear so
The only way to diminish mistakes is to bring competitors into the game.
Show examples and contexts   Close

din   Pronounce
n. [दीन] loud, confused, harsh noise; loud, continuous, rattling, or clanging sound
They were unable to sleep because of the din coming from the bar.
Show examples and contexts   Close

dingy   Pronounce
a. [धूंधला] darkened with smoke and grime; dirty or discolored
The only observation I have is the colors are a bit too gloomy and dingy.
Show examples and contexts   Close

diplomat   Pronounce
n. [राजनयिक] one who is in charge to deal with others, like an ambassador, who is appointed to represent a government
The diplomat solved the international problem by negotiating.
Show examples and contexts   Close

disarray   Pronounce
v. [अव्यवस्था] throw into disorder; break the array of.
Then the NASDAQ crash of 2000 left the US equity markets in disarray for more than a year.
Show examples and contexts   Close

discard   Pronounce
v. [त्यागने] throw out something from one's hand; get rid of
Right now, what we discard is an inherent part of what we consume.
Show examples and contexts   Close

discern   Pronounce
v. [देख लेना] detect; perceive, recognize, or understand something that is not clear
I discern in the course of the morning that Thornfield Hall was a changed place.
Show examples and contexts   Close

disclose   Pronounce
v. [खुलासा] unclose; open; remove a cover or envelope from; lay open or expose to view
I have no intention to disclose their names for security reasons.
Show examples and contexts   Close

discord   Pronounce
n. [मतभेद] conflict; lack of agreement among persons, groups, or things
Watching Tweedledum battle Tweedledee, Alice wondered what had caused this pointless discord.
Show examples and contexts   Close