TOEFL Integrated Speaking Questions 2025

2024-06-12: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: The university newspaper mentioned that the university will launch a virtual campus tour, which benefits people who want to apply to this university.

Then, listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Student: agree

• Point 1: It is beneficial to applicants, saving them time, money, and energy. For example, she is an international student, and it was very tough for her to visit the school;
• Point 2: It is beneficial to first-year students who want to understand the school and the surrounding situation.

2024-06-12: Question 3: Academic

Paleoendemic species: animals and plants that live only in a specific area.

The professor's example was a reptile in New Zealand. Its skeletal remains prove that it once existed all over the world. Why is it only in New Zealand now? because New Zealand was not an island before but a continent. Later, the plates moved, and the predators on the mainland wiped out the reptiles in other places, leaving only New Zealand.

Using an example, explain Paleoendemic species.

2024-06-12: Question 4: Academic

Listen to a lecture on two ways cars changed city planning in the United States. The first is that the blocks became more dispersed. The second is that the distance between buildings became farther, and garages and other accommodations for cars gradually began to be built.

Using points and examples from the lecture, explain two effects of cars on the design of cities in the United States.

2024-05-26: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: It is recommended that schools provide roommate information to freshmen, including names and contact information.

Then, listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Student: agree

• Point 1: Freshmen can contact their roommates in advance and get to know each other. If your personalities are not compatible, you can change roommates as soon as possible;
• Point 2: Freshmen can tell their roommates in advance what they will bring to the dormitory to avoid duplication. The dormitory is small and cannot hold many things.

2024-05-26: Question 3: Academic

Animal survival: Animals will spend their energy and time in places where it isn't easy to satisfy them.

For example, elephants have plenty of food, so they spend their energy on attracting the opposite sex and driving away the same sex to defend their territory.

Using an example. Explain Animal survival.

2024-05-26: Question 4: Academic

Listen to a lecture on the benefits of thermoregulation in plants.

Using the lecture's points and examples, summarize the benefits of thermoregulation in plants.

2024-04-21: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: Students want to choose their roommates.

• Point 1: Their friends are also in the same university;
• Point 2: It is better to have a more familiar person as a roommate.

Then, listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Student: disagree (a girl)

• Point 1: She thinks that the tower is the symbol of the school, and when people think of their school, they first think of the tower rather than the bell;
• Point 2: Students all have mobile phones or watches, and there are more effective ways to know the time. Instead of spending my money to repair the bell, I can use it to do something more meaningful, such as buying chairs and desks, etc.

2024-04-21: Question 3: Academic

Dominance hierarchy. Animals have a hierarchy, and those who rank higher have more opportunities, but this hierarchy can change. Take the example of red deer. When red deer mate, they use their antlers to compete. The bigger the antlers, the more likely they are to win. A deer without antlers naturally had a lower status.

Using an example. Explain the Dominance hierarchy.

2024-04-21: Question 4: Academic

Listen to a lecture on two types of ineffective ways to use logos: Negative images and Out-of-date, especially high-tech products, which will leave consumers with a very backward and unadvanced impression.

• Example 1: Dark teeth in the logo make consumers not focus on the ability of the product.
• Example 2: An image of an old-fashioned telephone, which is the style of parents or grandparents, lacking the sense of technology and thus not having the desired effect.

Using the lecture's points and examples, summarize the lecture about two types of ineffective ways to use logos.

2024-04-17: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: The school recently received a sum of money, and a student suggested that the funds be used to rebuild the bells.

• Point 1: It is the symbol of the school;
• Point 2: This bell can remind students of the hour.

Then, listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Student: disagree (a girl)

• Point 1: She thinks that the tower is the symbol of the school, and when people think of their school, they first think of the tower rather than the bell;
• Point 2: Students all have mobile phones or watches, and there are more effective ways to know the time. Instead of spending our money to repair the bell, I can use it to do something more meaningful, such as buying chairs and desks, etc.

2024-04-17: Question 3: Academic

There are two situations in which short-term memory disappears.

Using an example. Explain that short-term memory disappears.

2024-04-17: Question 4: Academic

Listen to a lecture on how farmers select crops.

• Example 1: In order to improve the quantity and quality of agricultural products, ancient farmers would select seeds of plants with some desirable characteristics when planting crops and continue to breed them. In this way, the varieties were improved. Later, wheat became the main crop and provided enough food.
• Example 2: The fruits of pea plants were originally small, not enough to eat. Farmers selected seeds of plants with large-sized fruits and continued to breed. Finally, they got more big-sized peas, which could provide more food.

Using the lecture's points and examples, summarize the lecture about how farmers select crops.

2024-03-16: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: Students wrote to propose removing the requirement to take humanities courses in order to graduate.

• Point 1: They felt that very few people were interested in this class.
• Point 2: Their classes would never be completed.

Then, listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Some students: disagree

• Point 1: It can broaden their horizons.
• Point 2: If students can arrange their time reasonably, they will not have these problems.

2024-03-16: Question 3: Academic

Transitional Forms

Transitional Forms refer to an animal's intermediate form between its ancestors' time and its current species. These forms show the process of animal evolution and have characteristics of both ancient fossils and modern animals. An example is a fish that lives in shoals close to land. Because it lived on land before, although it has evolved legs that can reach shallow water, its skeletal structure remains unchanged.

Using an example. Explain Transitional Forms.

2024-03-16: Question 4: Academic

Listen to a lecture on how technology affects music.

• Example 1: In the past, it was played live, and there was no limit on the length, so a lot of repetitive content could be played. After the invention of Records, due to its limited capacity, the length of the music was limited, reducing repetition.
• Example 2: New styles and forms are produced. Before the invention of the microphone, you could only play loud so that the audience could hear. With the emergence of microphones, there are new forms. For example, singers can use quiet, soft tunes to express emotions.

Using the lecture's points and examples, summarize the lecture about how technology affects music.

2024-03-02: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: Students suggested turning an office in the library into a silent writing room.

• Point 1: Keep absolutely silent.
• Point 2: Help students concentrate on their studies.

Then, listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Student: agree

• Point 1: students focus on learning. Because every time he goes to the library to study, he will be disturbed because many classmates are talking there. With this silent room, he can concentrate very well.
• Point 2: This silent writing room does not have Internet. He thinks that many students may not want to use this place because many students need to use the Internet to check information.

2024-03-02: Question 3: Academic

Fireback Effect

Fireback effect: When a person firmly believes in something, being contradicted only strengthens the belief. For example, a friend loves environmental protection and wants to replace his old car with a new environmentally friendly vehicle. The professor advised him, saying that there were studies that showed that building new cars was more harmful to the environment than using old ones. My friend still bought a new car.

Using an example. Explain the Fireback Effect.

2024-03-02: Question 4: Academic

Listen to a lecture on how aquatic mammals breathe while sleeping.

• Example 1: Whales can float their bodies when sleeping.
• Example 2: The dolphin brain can send signals that allow it to rise to the surface from time to time to breathe.

Using the lecture's points and examples, summarize the lecture about how aquatic mammals breathe while sleeping.

2024-02-27: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: The professor gave students an assignment to visit an Egyptian sculpture in a museum. Students can participate at half price, but they need to write a paper afterward to deepen the knowledge they have learned.

Then, listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Student: agree

• Point 1: The things written in the book are not specific enough. Only through direct experience can students better understand the sculpture content.
• Point 2: Half-price tickets are very friendly to students. The previous tickets were too expensive, and students couldn't afford them. Having half-price tickets is a great opportunity for students.

2024-02-27: Question 3: Academic

Agroforestry

Agroforestry combines agriculture and forestry to create a more sustainable and integrated farming system.

Listening: For example, farmers in the past would cut down other trees among the coffee trees. Later, they felt that it would damage the environment and decrease the number of migrating birds, so they stopped. Then, they planted coffee trees next to other trees. Not only did the number of birds rise, but the tree's root system can stabilize the soil, prevent soil erosion, and help maintain soil fertility, which is good for the growth of coffee trees.

Using an example. Explain Agroforestry.

2024-02-27: Question 4: Academic

Listen to a lecture on why some common mistakes that can occur during planning.

• Example 1: Being too ambitious (ambitious), higher than one's expectations, and the result actually takes longer than planned.
• Example 2: Lack of Flexibility because they will encounter some interruptions. Because of these interruptions, they originally wanted to do one thing, but they will be interrupted by other interruptions. An example is that one time, he wanted to review a paper for a student, but his son suddenly had a fever and couldn't go.

Using the lecture's points and examples, summarize the lecture about why some common mistakes can occur during planning.

2024-01-24: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: A classmate suggested that the mathematics course be completed early because some students already understand the relevant knowledge points and can complete the mathematics test in advance. Students can then use the remaining time to complete other courses.

Then, listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Student: agree

• Point 1: Students spend a lot of time completing math homework. If students already know how to do it, they should take the exam early and complete this task early.
• Point 2: Students have a lot to learn this semester, such as literary reading. If the math test can be completed in advance, it means that the student has time to complete other courses, thereby reducing his sense of pressure and allowing him to better adapt to his studies.

2024-01-24: Question 3: Academic

Illusion of explanatory

Illusion of explanatory: Even if people use the same thing often, they have no way of understanding how it works.

Listening: The teacher's example concerns whether students ride bicycles. Students do not understand the structure of bicycles when riding them. However, when the teacher showed the students information about bicycle accessories, the students were not able to choose the correct photo.

Using an example. Explain the Illusion of explanation.

2024-01-24: Question 4: Academic

Listen to a lecture on where Amphibians choose to lay their eggs.

• Example 1: Choose to lay eggs in a sheltered area to ensure that the eggs survive. For instance, Frogs will lay eggs in holes so that fish will not eat them in the water.
• Example 2: Choose a place with a suitable temperature to lay eggs to ensure the normal development of eggs. This can be seen as a special condition selection. For example, green sea turtles return to their birthplace before laying eggs.

Using the lecture's points and examples, summarize the lecture about how aquatic mammals breathe while sleeping.

2024-01-20: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: The university plans to change the dormitory overnight stay policy. Students’ friends or relatives can stay no more than three nights because staying longer would inconvenience roommates. This restriction did not exist before. However, the university has provided a list of nearby hotels.

Then, listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Student: disagree

• Point 1: Visitors are generally polite and rarely leave their rooms. Roommates can resolve accommodation issues through internal negotiation without the school implementing overly strict policies.
• Point 2: Students’ friends or relatives usually do not stay in the dormitories for long periods. Hotels are expensive, and students cannot afford them, and their friends or relatives may not visit.

2024-01-20: Question 3: Academic

The predictive adaptation hypothesis

The predictive adaptation hypothesis: Animals in stressful situations improve themselves to cope with similar scenarios in the future.

Listening: For example, one group of bees was starved when they were young, and one group of bees had plenty of food when they were young. As adults, both groups of bees were given a short-term food shortage test. Those who were hungry as children were able to use food more efficiently, while the other group starved to death more quickly.

Using an example. Explain the predictive adaptation hypothesis.

2024-01-20: Question 4: Academic

Listen to a lecture on how previous good memory can help us.

• Example 1: Recover from anger.
• Example 2: Overcome loneliness.

Using the lecture's points and examples, summarize the lecture about how previous good memory can help us.

2023-11-12: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: The Summer Sports Program is a summer activity provided by the university where elementary school students can come to campus in the morning to learn and participate in various sports activities.

• Point 1: Provide experience teaching for young students
• Point 2: Additional expenses can be spent to improve the school's sports facilities

Then, listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Some students(A girl): agree

• Point 1: Will help student-athletes gain practical coaching experience. For example, if a girl wants to be a softball coach, this can allow her to accumulate experience and have experience teaching kids.
• Point 2: This additional funding will also help schools. For example, when watching a game in school, there are not enough seats, and many people sit on the floor to watch. The extra funds would allow for benches.

2023-11-12: Question 3: Academic

The allocation principle

Listening: The allocation principle means that animals allocate time and energy to different needs when meeting various survival needs. Animals must find food, protect themselves from predators, and reproduce. Example: Take elephant seals as an example. There are many food resources where elephant seals live, so it is relatively easy for them to obtain food, and they do not need to spend too much time and energy looking for food. However, breeding is relatively difficult for elephant seals because they need to find suitable breeding sites and compete to occupy these territories while defending these territories from other elephant seals. This takes a lot of time and effort. As a result, elephant seals spend more time and energy reproducing and relatively less time searching for food.

Using an example. Explain The allocation principle.

2023-11-12: Question 4: Academic

Listen to a lecture on two ways archaeologists search for archaeological sites.

• Example 1: Judgment of surface landscape, using satellite images to detect traces of ancient human activities. For example, the Aboriginal people of New Zealand built many steps on the top of the mountain in ancient times to defend themselves from foreign enemies. Archaeologists can determine that the area was once inhabited by analyzing the steps on these hilltops.
• Example 2: Judgment of specific plants. Although ancient civilizations have disappeared, some specific plants may still exist and provide clues. For example, the indigenous peoples of Mesoamerica planted a specific tree, the milk tree, in ancient times. Archaeologists can tell that humans once inhabited an area by analyzing the local vegetation, specifically the presence of this particular plant.

Using the lecture's points and examples, summarize the lecture about archaeological sites.

2023-11-04: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: School gyms should offer free group classes, Such as CrossFit classes.

• Point 1: Group classes can make people more motivated.
• Point 2: Offering free group classes can help people save money.

Then, listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Some students(girls): agree

• Point 1: When exercising in a group, it is easier to persist because you don't want to fall behind others, which motivates you to exercise.
• Point 2: If group classes are offered for free, volunteers may be willing to help teach. You can also consider inviting more professional people to teach a few days a week to ensure the quality and diversity of the courses, which will also attract more people to participate.

2023-11-04: Question 3: Academic

Contingency planning

"Contingency planning": Merchants will plan in advance to deal with possible problems or emergencies. This concept emphasizes anticipating potential risks in business operations and then taking appropriate measures to reduce the adverse impact of these risks on the business. For example, A fruit and vegetable store usually uses refrigerators to maintain the freshness of food. However, if a power outage occurs, the refrigeration equipment will not be able to function correctly, which can lead to food damage and loss. To cope with this situation, greengrocers may implement a "contingency plan," including purchasing a backup generator.

Using an example. Explain contingency planning.

2023-11-04: Question 4: Academic

Listen to a lecture on two reasons for the behavioral differences between wild and zoo animals.

• Example 1: Differences in food and survival pressure: Wild animals must spend a lot of time and energy finding food, avoiding predators, and maintaining survival. In contrast, animals in zoos typically receive a steady supply of food and do not have to worry about the threat of predators.
• Example 2: Environmental and ecological factors: Wild animals often need to adapt to changes in the natural environment, including climate, seasons, and resource availability. Zoos provide relatively controlled and stable environments, which can cause animals to exhibit different behaviors than in wild environments.

Using the lecture's points and examples, summarize the lecture about the behavioral differences between wild and zoo animals

2023-10-29: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: The school announces a summer campus rent proposal, renting the school dormitories to young travelers.

Then, listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Some students: disagree

• Point 1: Students think it is meaningless because the school must charge high fees, and when it has to pay for water, electricity, and staff costs, it will not make much money, so it is meaningless.
• Point 2: Students can introduce young travelers to famous local places and attractions not found in travel brochures.

2023-10-29: Question 3: Academic

Vegetative propagation

Vegetative propagation means a new plant grows from a part of the parent plant (usually a stem, root, or other structure). For example, strawberries can be removed from the parent plant to grow new strawberry seedlings and stolons runners.

Using an example. Explain Vegetative propagation.

2023-10-29: Question 4: Academic

Listening to a lecture on cooperative learning (which enhances learning effects by promoting cooperation and interaction among students) faces two challenges. The lecture gave two solutions.

• Example 1: supportive class, play a supportive role and encourage.
• Example 2: Everyone reads a paragraph and then shares the main point, ensuring students must listen to others and cooperate.

Using the lecture's points and examples, summarize the lecture about cooperative learning.

2023-10-18: Question 2: Campus-related

Freshman dorm change

Reading: Students suggest changing dorms during your first year.

• Point 1: Students may encounter a mismatch between their roommate's schedule and their own study time, which may have a negative impact on their studies.
• Point 2: Make students pay a fee when requesting a dormitory change and ensure they are willing to pay for a better living environment.

Then, listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Some students: disagree

• Point 1: In her dormitory experience this year, her roommate left early and returned late, which may have hindered her rest and study.
• Point 2: If a better dormitory or living environment is provided, students may be willing to pay for it.

2023-10-18: Question 3: Academic

Reasons why reptile is in New Zealand

Using an example. Explain why a reptile is in New Zealand.

2023-10-18: Question 4: Academic

Listening to a lecture on "Cannibalization": companies launch new products that impact sales of existing products.

• Example 1: Change the company's existing image: To change its inherent image, the company may launch new products to differentiate them from existing products and attract more target consumers.
• Example 2: Market competition: To maintain the company's market share and competitiveness, it may allow products to kill each other. This allows you to compete with other companies in the market for market share.

Using the lecture's points and examples, summarize the lecture about Cannibalization.

2023-09-26: Question 2: Campus-related

Remove the media-viewing room from the library.

Reading: The university recently built media-viewing rooms in the library, so groups of students can watch films together on a large screen in a setting like a small movie theater. These rooms are helpful, but I think they should be moved out of the library.

• Point 1: When the viewing room is used, noise will be generated, affecting other students' learning and concentration.
• Point 2: It is recommended that the viewing room be moved to Smith Hall because this is where film and journalism students take classes, and they need to watch films as coursework, so it would be more convenient to have the media-viewing rooms close to their classrooms.

Then, listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Some students: Disagree.

• Point 1: To solve the noisy problem, you can use sound insulation equipment. For example, they were in the music building before and had this kind of sound insulation room, and the effect was perfect.
• Point 2: Moving was inconvenient because I had to watch special movies and borrow DVDs, so it would take time to go back and forth.

2023-09-26: Question 3: Academic

End-of-history illusion

End-of-history illusion: People assume that their minds will not change at a later stage, even if they have changed their minds before. For example, Volunteers in a music experiment thought their music preferences were different than they were ten years ago, but they still thought they would like the music they like now ten years from now.

Using an example. Explain contingency planning.

2023-09-23: Question 4: Academic

Listen to a lecture on the causes of species differentiation.

• Example 1: Geography. For example, the length of an animal’s tail adapts to the terrain. The tails of squirrels in the American Grand Canyon are different.
• Example 2: Geography. For example, the length of an animal’s tail adapts to the terrain. The tails of squirrels in the American Grand Canyon are different.

Using the lecture's points and examples, summarize the lecture about speciation.

2023-07-12: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: A student suggested renting out the school's unused sports equipment.

• Point 1: Can collect rent;
• Point 2: Avoid waste.

Then, listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Some students(girls): disagree

• Point 1: Organizing rental events is complicated;
• Point 2: The equipment will not be idle.

2023-07-12: Question 3: Academic

empathy efficacy

Listening: A commercial advertising device: empathy efficacy.

Using an example. Explain empathy efficacy.

2023-07-12: Question 4: Academic

Listen to a lecture on dragonflies being the most efficient predators.

• Example 1: wide field of view can see the panorama;
• Example 2: Can lock the moving prey.

Using the lecture's points and examples, summarize the lecture about dragonflies being the most efficient predators.

2023-06-04: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: Students write to request an extended course withdrawal period.

Then, listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Some students(girls): disagree

• Point 1: You can have more time to consider whether you are suitable for a high-intensity learning rhythm;
• Point 2: At the beginning of the course, it is background and introduction, and then there will be regular courses. These three weeks can help students judge whether they can adapt to the teacher's way of teaching.

2023-06-04: Question 3: Academic

Social facilitation in animals： Social facilitation in animals will move together.

Listening: An example is the baboon baboons in Africa, which follow other baboons to drink water even if they are not thirsty, which reduces the risk of being eaten by predators.

Using an example， explain Social facilitation in animals.

2023-06-04: Question 4: Academic

Listen to a lecture on how to set goals.

• Example 1: It is necessary to set specific goals, for example, what price should be set when buying a car;
• Example 2: The goal is realistic. For example, when setting a reading goal, you need to develop a reading goal of 100 pages a week instead of 100 pages a night.

Using the lecture's points and examples, summarize the lecture about how to set goals.

2023-05-31: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: The school plans to increase theater seating.

• Point 1: Schools will have more income;
• Point 2: Students can also come and participate in activities.

Then, listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Some students: disagree

• Point 1: In most cases, there are not so many people in the theater, and there are enough seats;
• Point 2: It also costs a lot of money to install the seat, and it may take a long time to earn back the cost.

2023-05-31: Question 3: Academic

Consistency bias: People label future events based on experience, but there is a bias between the two.

Listening: A professor's brother is a teacher at the school, but he doesn't like the school's new principal because the school's original principal gave him a bad experience. But the new headmaster did many good things, such as building many new facilities for the school, and his brother gradually liked the headmaster. But when the professor reminded his brother, his brother felt that he had always liked the principal in his cognition.

Using an example explain Consistency bias.

2023-05-31: Question 4: Academic

Listen to a lecture on the limb development of insects to adapt to the water environment.

• Example 1: Evolved strong legs as oars to provide propulsion for forward movement;
• Example 2: Evolved slender legs that allow insects to stand on and run on water.

Using the lecture's points and examples, explain the limb development of insects.

2023-05-10: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: The professor emails the students, suggesting that students who choose introductory courses should also do some academic reading.

• Point 1: Reading academic journals provides access to cutting-edge research, whereas textbook content is old;
• Point 2: Professors should also assist in finding materials.

Then, listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Some students: disagree

• Point 1: These readings are too complex and technical, which is okay for advanced students. First graders should study basic grounding in the textbooks;
• Point 2: Classroom time should be used to learn materials. There are already many materials in the classroom—meanwhile, workshops in the library where students can learn.

2023-05-10: Question 3: Academic

Humans learning new abilities will also bring some new problems. Human capabilities are getting stronger and stronger, which can solve many problems that could not be solved before, but at the same time, these new capabilities will also bring some new problems.

Listening: Thousands of years ago, the indigenous people on the island could carve giant stone statues all over the entire archipelago. These stone statues are too big, and it is challenging to move these stone statues to the water's edge and move them to the desired position. Someone proposed a solution: using trees under the stone statues as wheels. Then, put the figurines on these wheels and let them roll to their desired destination. But as time passed, all the island's trees were cut down. This way, there is no way to build houses, and this place declines.

Using an example, explain that learning new abilities will also bring some new problems.

2023-05-10: Question 4: Academic

Negative effects of artificial light on animals.

• Example 1: Animals' ability to find food is reduced. Some animals must hide at night, but with more artificial lighting, it is significantly reduced. For example, mice are likely to steal food in the countryside, but with more and more artificial lighting, there are fewer and fewer places where mice can find food;
• Example 2: Some animals can only see clearly at night, not during the day or when light is on. Here is an example of cougars: they live in mountainous areas and need much hunting space. But when they encounter the highway, they can only turn around and go back, and there is no way to open up more space.

Using the lecture's points and examples, explain the negative effects of artificial light on animals.

2023-04-26: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: The university will stop funding student clubs with fewer than 10 people.

Then, listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Some students disagree because this student's own club would be affected.

• Point 1: The university only paid some parking fees for this club, which is not much, but other big clubs spend a lot.;
• Point 2: The university should discuss it case-by-case and see what happened to those small clubs. For example, this small club has been going on for many years, because the club members have the same interests and hobbies, and such friendships will last for a long time.

2023-04-26: Question 3: Academic

Overestimate Risk: When people evaluate an activity, they tend to overestimate the risk, and then ignore the number of times this happens, and the rate of errors or failures is actually very small.

Listening: A city promotes cycling. The city encourages bicycles, so many people take this economical and environmentally friendly method of transportation. Thousands of people ride bicycles every day. But during the month, there were six accidents related to bicycles. So the news reports exaggerated these 6 traffic accidents. In fact, these 6 traffic accidents were not particularly serious. But because the news played up these six traffic accidents, the city's cycling population decreased significantly in the following years.

Using an example, explain overestimate risk.

2023-04-26: Question 4: Academic

Listen to a lecture on two ways to supplement nutrition in leaf-eating animals.

• Example 1: Animals eat these leaves at certain times because they contain higher levels of nutrients at certain times. Take the example of gorillas in Africa. They only eat leaves in the afternoon, and only eat certain leaves, because the sugar content of this leaf is higher in the afternoon, and it tastes sweeter.;
• Example 2: Although the leaves have vitamins, they still lack protein, so these animals will eat other things to supplement protein. Take the example of the Australian sloth. These sloths eat seaweed that grows in the fur of their sloths. They increase their protein by eating seaweed in their fur.

Using the lecture's points and examples, explain two ways to supplement nutrition in leaf-eating animals.

2023-03-28: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: The university lets the professor learn to use the media system of the new classroom.

Then, listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Students： agree

• Point 1: The professor once forgot to bring the pad in class, so learning the media system will make the class more convenient;
• Point 2: Last week, the dormitory had a power outage and had to wait several hours for the technician. The professor learned to use the teaching system of the new classroom, so he didn't have to bother the technician anymore.

2023-03-28: Question 3: Academic

People's Judgment: The length of the deadline affects people's judgment.

Listening: Experiment： Let two groups of people prepare for the party. The first group is given one week to prepare; the other group is assigned one month to prepare. The result is that the plan of the first group is simple and saves money, while the plan of the second group is complicated and expensive.

Using an example, explain people's judgment.

2023-03-28: Question 4: Academic

Listen to a lecture on how deep-sea creatures can reproduce better.

• Example 1: Use luminescence to let potential objects see. For example, a kind of shrimp can produce chemical substances, which are blue when interacting with water;
• Example 2: Surround yourself with other creatures so there will be many fish. Once found, a mate does not leave: e.g., anglerfish males will attach to females.

Using the lecture's points and examples, explain how deep-sea creatures can reproduce better.

2023-03-25: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: Some student proposal schools allow first-year students to live in single rooms.

Then, listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Students： disagree

• Point 1: Because we live together, we can make friends, attend entertainment, and promote friendship;
• Point 2: The building was initially planned to be used as a classroom.

2023-03-25: Question 3: Academic

Stopover habitat - Stopover habitat during bird immigration. In the stopover migration journey, animals must find a place to stop.

Listening: Experiment： A kind of bird in Central America in winter that moves north in summer and will stop at a desert on the way. Although it is desert, there are places with low-density vegetation. The reason the birds stop desert: 1. They look for insects to eat; 2. They avoid big, dangerous birds.

Using an example, explain stopover habitat.

2023-03-25: Question 4: Academic

Listen to a lecture on how to judge that a product is not good.

• Example 1: Consumers judge whether a product is good or not by the quality of the product. For example, consumers can determine whether the juice is good or not by tasting the juice;
• Example 2: Consumers can know whether the product is good or not through the outer packaging of the product. For example, Consumers can judge whether the juice is good or not by looking at the outer packaging of the juice.

Using the lecture's points and examples, explain how to judge that a product is not good.

2023-02-26: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: The school has decided that students using printers will not be allowed to use more than 300 sheets of printing paper per term from next year.

• Point 1: To protect the environment and prevent paper waste;
• Point 2: To prevent students from printing beyond the limit, the school will change the settings on the printer.

Then, listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Students: agree

• Point 1: It can help students reduce waste. Because some students will print out several chapters in the book or print out long articles on the Internet;
• Point 2: Setting the printer can prevent students from printing beyond the limit.

2023-02-26: Question 3: Academic

Consistency bias: Role-playing. Businesses can use role-playing to help salespeople answer customers' questions. In this technique, the employee being trained takes on the salesperson's role, and the trainer takes on the customer role to help the salesperson succeed by training to overcome the challenges they may face in the actual sales environment.

Listening: The professor used the example of his brother. His brother, a car dealership, would simulate sales scenarios for his employees before hiring them. His brother would pretend to be a car buyer, asking them questions about the car, picky about the price, etc., to help the salesperson deal with it in an actual situation.

Using an example, explain role-playing.

2023-02-26: Question 4: Academic

Listen to a lecture on how High yield affects the taste of fruit.

• Example 1: High yield means that there will be more fruits on each plant, so the nutrition for a single fruit will be less, affecting the fruit's taste. For example, tomato Mass-produced tomatoes contain much less sugar than others;
• Example 2: High-yield plants are affected by the picking time, and the taste will be worse. To be transported to farther places, these fruits will be picked in advance to ensure they will not be damaged during transportation. For example, Strawberries, the strawberries the professor bought before, are very red, but the taste is not as good as those picked by other farms.

Using the lecture's points and examples, explain how High yield affects fruit taste.

2023-02-11: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: The university will not allow students to visit the school's botanical gardens.

• Point 1: The school's botanical garden often has teachers doing experiments;
• Point 2: Students coming to visit will destroy some plants. If you have to visit, you can go to other botanical gardens.

Then, the Boys discuss the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Students: agree

• Point 1: Many students don't know that they are doing experiments there and don't know how to protect these plants, so the university should first inform students to preserve them;
• Point 2: Students can't walk to the nearby parks, and there are no buses unless they have their car. If the botanical garden can't go, these students have nowhere to go.

2023-02-11: Question 3: Academic

Principle of allocation

Listening: The example of seals is given in. When food resources are plentiful, they spend most of their time and energy courting and protecting their territories.

Using an example, explain the Principle of allocation.

2023-02-11: Question 4: Academic

Listening to a lecture on logos can hurt the company.

• Example 1: Toothpaste companies use black logos and packaging boxes, making people feel contradictory;
• Example 2: The logo of the Internet company is an elderly phone, which makes people feel outdated.

Using the lecture's points and examples, explain logos can hurt the company.

2023-02-07: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: The university announced it would no longer accept summer school credit from off-campus sources because of concerns about the quality of teaching at other schools.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Students: disagree

• Point 1: Some off-campus courses are not challenging enough, but this problem can be solved. For example, students can apply to the school online in advance. If the university feels that the courses of the other university are difficult enough, it should allow the summer course of the other university;
• Point 2: If you stay at school for summer classes, renting a house is too expensive. If you live at home and take classes at a nearby university, you can also spend time with your family.

2023-02-07: Question 3: Academic

Media effect theories. One theory is that children blindly imitate violent behavior while watching TV, while another theory suggests that when children see violence being punished or rewarded, they make judgments before imitating.

Listening: The researchers played a short video to test it out.

Using an example, explain the media effect theories.

2023-02-07: Question 4: Academic

Listening to a lecture on observatory siting factors.

• Example 1: No light pollution, away from the city;
• Example 2: Dry, no fog.

Using the lecture's points and examples, explain observatory siting factors.

2022-12-07: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: The school has added a new website, and students can feed back their favorite food to the school so that the school can try to meet the students' wishes. Students bring recipes from home to school.

Then listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Students： agree

• Point 1: There are very few types of food provided in the school cafeteria, which can increase the types of food to meet the needs of students;
• Point 2: Most of the time, the food that students want to eat is only available at home. The school's students come from all over the world, and the new website allows students to try food from different places.

2022-12-07: Question 3: Academic

The biological clock of the human body. People are awake and tired at different times every day.

Listening: The professor mentioned that he had a different peak time in college and now. When he was young, he was always sleepy when he got up in the morning. So, he preferred to study in the evening. But as he grows older, the professor feels that he is more energetic when he gets up early but sleepy at night and needs to go to bed early.

2022-12-07: Question 4: Academic

In the teaching process, the teacher provides two effective methods to allow students to participate more in classroom discussions.

• Example 1: The teacher formulates guidelines for the students to ensure that each student can express themselves and participate in the discussion;
• Example 2: The teacher encourages students who like to work alone in the discussion group to work as a team. For example, the teacher asks the whole group of students to participate in reading the article and listen carefully while other students are reading.

Using the lecture's points and examples, explain the adaptability of the plants.

2022-12-03: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: A student suggests that the university install WiFi on the university bus.

Point 1: Students can use their time effectively;Point 2: Don't worry about the cost because the university can delete some unpopular routes.

Then listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Some students(girls): disagree

• Point 1: Not productive, because the school is not big. And I didn't see how many students were downloading class material in the car;
• Point 2: Not very fair. Some unpopular routes have some dorms. Although few people are living there, there are still people there. It is unnecessary to cancel some buses for WiFi.

2022-12-03: Question 3: Academic

Joint Venture: A company will leverage existing skills to combine with another company to provide a new service.

Using a TV news company that wants to provide an online news service, explain Joint Venture.

A TV news company wants to provide an online news service. Still, they don't have the technical capabilities, so they merge with another technology company. Then their product becomes popular with consumers, and they benefit a lot from advertising, which reduces the cost of the two companies.

2022-12-03: Question 4: Academic

Listen to a lecture on Biology—the adaptability of the plants and photo attached to the thesis.

• Example 1: Adaptation: have their color plus (imprint, should be used for photosensitive) on the upper of their leaves so that it can absorb more light;
• Example 2: Increase the total area of leaves to absorb CO2

Using the lecture's points and examples, explain the adaptability of the plants.

2021-12-18: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: The school builds a film factory for students to learn to make films.

Then listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Some students: agree

• Point 1: Because many people are interested in movies but don't know how to do them, the project can involve students.
• Point 2: This selection system is very reasonable because the school employs staff to see if the students are interested.

2021-12-18: Question 3: Academic

Read a passage about cyclic population balance.

Using an example, wolves and mice, explain cyclic population balance.

2021-12-18: Question 4: Academic

Listen to a lecture on how buildings can reduce energy consumption.

• Example 1: Use insulation materials to maintain indoor temperature and reduce heating and energy consumption.
• Example 2: Generate electricity from renewable energy.

Using the lecture's points and examples, explain how buildings can reduce energy consumption.

2021-11-20: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: Business students should take a two-day training course.

Then listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Some students: disagree

• Point 1: Two days is too short because these skills and knowledge are difficult and cannot be learned in a short time.
• Point 2: Students think there is no need to learn these skills and knowledge because they do not open their own companies, and now companies will hire professional talents.

2021-11-20: Question 3: Academic

Read a passage about false signaling.

Using an example ( female moths release chemicals when they want to mate, and males are attracted. One type of spider imitates the female moth, releasing a substance that tastes similar, and the male is attracted, flying over to be eaten). Explain false signaling.

2021-11-20: Question 4: Academic

Listen to a lecture about stores eliminating the gap between ideal and reality to make more money.

• Example 1: the first step is discovering the gap, such as the long wait time for customers to check out.
• Example 2: the second step is to eliminate the gap by allowing more people to serve during the peak checkout period, which will shorten the checkout time.

Using the lecture's points and examples, explain how to eliminate the gap between ideal and reality to make more money.

2021-11-14: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: The school is preparing to host a student life video contest, limited to juniors and seniors.

Then listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Some students: agree

• Point 1: This kind of contest is attractive, such as dormitory, cafeteria, and other topics that students are interested in
• Point 2: It is also good to limit the grade level, which can reduce the workload of the organizer.

2021-11-14: Question 3: Academic

Read a passage about the symbiosis mechanism.

Using an example - Rhizobia infect the legumes (in a good way) by establishing a mutually beneficial relationship with them. Explain the symbiosis mechanism.

2021-11-14: Question 4: Academic

Listen to a lecture about a business strategy and consumer concept.

• Example 1: affected by price.
• Example 2: affected by advertisement.

Using the lecture's points and examples, explain why a business strategy and consumer concept will be affected by price /advertisement.

2021-10-30: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: Students suggest that schools require professors to grade each student's assignment, not teaching assistants.

Reason 1: Make sure each student has completed the professor's assignment.Reason 2: Professors can learn more about students' learning through homework.

Then listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Some students: disagree

• Point 1: There are so many students that the professor doesn't have time to grade each student's work.
• Point 2: The professor usually has feedback.

2021-10-30: Question 3: Academic

Read a passage about environmentally friendly products. The company promotes its products as environmentally friendly products.

Using an example, explain the environmentally friendly products.

2021-10-09: Question 4: Academic

Listen to a lecture in a biology class about animals adapt to food shortages.

• Example 1: Kangaroos conserve energy by jumping to find food.
• Example 2: lizards eat as much fat as their tails, storing excess food.

Using the lecture's points and examples, explain how animals adapt to food shortages.

2021-08-29: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: The professor wants to cancel the interview time, and the student wants not to.

Then listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Some students: disagree

• Point 1: The mid-term is coming, the learning task is very large, and there are many problems.
• Point 2: If it is changed to after class, students will have other arrangements after class.

2021-08-29: Question 3: Academic

Planting two plants together is beneficial for plant growth. Take the example of corn and beans.

Using the examples, explain the benefits of plant growth.

2021-08-29: Question 4: Academic

Listen to a lecture on the benefits of small businesses: first, they can build close customer relationships; second, they are more flexible in commuting hours.

Using the points and examples from the lecture, explain the benefits.

2021-08-22: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: The university suggests closing school gardens.

• Reason 1: The university wants to restore greenery.
• Reason 2: Students can play on the lawns.

Then listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Some students: disagree

• Point 1: The severely damaged part of the garden can be fenced off, and the students are reminded.
• Point 2: The lawn has no chairs to sit on and a lot of mud.

2021-08-22: Question 3: Academic

Read a passage about animals sometimes showing weakness to avoid being hurt.

Using an example, explain the animal's strategy.

2021-08-22: Question 4: Academic

Listen to a lecture in a biology class about animal hatching.

Using the points and examples from the lecture, explain the process.

2021-08-21: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: Students of a middle school suggest that the school provides an alumni mentor program.

• Reason 1: Students can learn the knowledge of career planning through the program.
• Reason 2: Students can prepare for future employment.

Then listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their views and explain the reasons.

Some students: disagree

• Point 1: The students are very busy, and the school's publicity efforts are insufficient.
• Point 2: Students in the school have received many suggestions such as teachers and parents. Too many tips will make students more anxious.

2021-08-21: Question 3: Academic

Read a passage about encoding memory from a textbook. Then listen to part of a lecture.

Using an example, explain the advertising strategy.

2021-08-21: Question 4: Academic

Listen to a lecture in a biology class about two methods to prevent soil salt accumulation.

• point 1: Building pipes drain excess water, and underground water contains a lot of salt. If we can drain the excess water, the salt also is depleted from the soil.
• Point 2: Plant some salt-tolerant plants. Farmers can grow salt-tolerant plants to still use salty soil for production.

Using the points and examples from the lecture, explain soil salt accumulation.

2021-07-03: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: Students suggest to the school for students to study abroad for one semester.

• Reason 1: The cost of tuition is the same
• Reason 2: The subjects taught by foreign schools are the same as our own, and they can also learn about foreign cultures.

Then listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their opinions and explain the reasons.

Boys: disagree

• point 1: These students did not mention other expenses, such as plane tickets and transportation costs. If these expenses are included, the expenses will be more than that of the school.
• point 2: The subjects of some foreign schools are different from ours. For example, a friend of his went abroad to study a subject for a semester, but our school did not recognize it. He had to retake this subject, which resulted in delayed graduation.

2021-07-03: Question 3: Academic

Read a passage about voluntary response bias from a textbook. Then listen to part of a lecture.

Using an example of a canteen questionnaire, explain the concept of voluntary response bias.

The professor gave an example of a canteen questionnaire.

For the first time, the school asked students to rate the cafeteria online. A score of 1 means the worst, a score of 10 means the best, and an intermediate score means it’s okay.

The school sent an email to every student, but most of the students did not score. A small number of students who scored were either positive or negative. The school knew that there was a problem with the result, so it changed the way. The school asked teachers to give students paper-based questions at the entrance of the restaurant ，and then received feedback from most students. The scores were relatively less extreme.

2021-07-03: Question 4: Academic

Listen to part of a lecture in a biology class.

• point 1: Poor water clarity is caused by the sediment in the lake.
• point 2: Accidental nutrients added to the lake water.

Using the points and examples from the lecture, explain poor water clarity.

• If there are construction projects near the lake, such as a highway construction site, then the loose soil will be washed into the lake after heavy rain, which will affect the clarity, and then affect the lake Flora and fauna.
• There are many nutrients in the lake water. Microscopic bacteria will multiply and affect the clarity of the lake water. Example: Farmers fertilize. The nutrients in the fertilizer will flow into the lake water, and then algae will multiply on the surface of the lake water, which will affect the clarity of the lake water.

2021-06-05: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: school announcement. The school plans to display student artwork online.

• point 1: Let more students show their work through the Internet.
• point 2: Attract more students to apply for art majors in this school.

Listen:

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their opinions and explain the reasons.

Student: Agree

• point 1: More students have the opportunity to show their artwork.
• point 2: Displaying artwork on the Internet can let more prospective students know about the school, which can help them decide whether to enter the school.

2021-06-05: Question 3: Academic

Read a passage about Co-creation products from a textbook. Then listen to part of a lecture.

Take the example of a T-shirt company, explain the concept of Co-creation products.

2021-06-05: Question 4: Academic

Listen to part of a lecture in a biology class.

There are fixed dwellers on the bottom of the sea. They live in a fixed place and cannot move around. They have two ways to get food: one is a positive way and the other is passive.

• point 1: In the positive method, such as anemone. Anemones can use tentacles to sing to get food.
• point 2: In Passive methods, such as oyster. The oysters stay in the shell, but the seawater can pass through the shell, so that food will enter the oyster.

Using the points and examples from the lecture, explain the fixed dwellers.

2021-05-26: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: There are two short vacations in the fall semester. This letter suggests that universities combine the two short vacations into one long vacation so that students can relax and complete their papers better.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their opinions and explain the reasons.

Student: disagree

• point 1: This may make students more stressed this semester. Students need to take a break during each semester, but if two short vacations are combined into one long vacation, the students have no break this semester.
• point 2: If you combine two short vacations into one long vacation, students will likely not do homework but will use this vacation to travel everywhere. For example, I planned to write a history essay during the spring break last year, but I actually went out to play and watch movies with my friends.

2021-05-26: Question 3: Academic

Read a passage about carbon reduction from a textbook. Then listen to part of a lecture.

Using carbon emissions of cars and factories, explain the concept of carbon reduction.

2021-05-26: Question 4: Academic

Listen to part of a lecture in a management class.

• point 1: Substitute research. In addition to their full-time employees, many companies also have some part-time employees. Therefore, when some full-time employees have problems, the company can allow part-time employees to supplement these positions.
• point 2: Example. there are usually some part-time teachers in schools. If full-time teachers are sick, then these part-time teachers can be used as substitutes.

Using the points and examples from the lecture, explain substitute research.

2021-05-15: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: The school will set up a learning abroad program. This program has more than 30 countries for students to choose from. Because students don't know all information about these countries, the school will invite some students who have been to these countries before to give you an introduction. This event invites students who have been to these countries to make a presentation for other students and provide local delicacies on site.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their opinions and explain the reasons.

Student: a boy agree

• point 1: The boy wanted to go to Spain, but he went to country A. Going to country A is actually an accidental decision. At that time, he saw a photo taken by a classmate who came back from country A. In the photo, he saw the scenery, food, and some activities of country A, which made him change his mind and went to country A.
• point 2: In Country A you can also learn Spanish and enjoy some outdoor activities at the same time. You can eat some food that you can't eat in the dining hall.

2021-05-15: Question 3: Academic

Read a passage about passive locomotion from a textbook. Then listen to part of a lecture.

Using spiders, explain the concept of passive locomotion.

2021-05-15: Question 4: Academic

Listen to part of a lecture in an economics class.

• point 1: quantitative research. A car company did data analysis and found that families with children don't buy their cars much, and families without children buy a lot of their cars.
• point 2: opinion research. After that, the car company did second opinion research and found that families with children did not buy their cars because the back seats of their cars were too crowded to provide enough space for the children.

Using the points and examples from the lecture, explain marketing research.

2021-03-14: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: The school will launch the international student program next year, international freshman students can participate in this program, and local students can be their mentors.

• Reason 1: International students can get help from local students, such as consulting some things
• Reason 2: International students can experience the local culture better.

Then listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their opinions and explain the reasons.

Student: a boy agree

• point 1: He had been to study in Italy. He had no way to get help for many practical things in the area, such as grocery shopping, transportation, etc., he could only ask others on the Internet. So, it's great to have this project.
• point 2: International students do not have much opportunity to experience local culture. This program allows international students to have more connections with local students and talk about cultures, not only in class but after class.

2021-01-30: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: Students think that the Department of Psychology should create an academic journal.

• Point 1: Students may publish high-quality papers in the journal.
• Point 2: Students may share academic achievements by publishing papers, thereby enhancing their self-confidence.

Then listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their opinions and explain the reasons.

A female student agrees:

• point 1: It is beneficial for students to apply master's degree.
• point 2: It can help students improve writing skills, and students who are writing papers can obtain useful materials from it and learn how to structure their papers.

2021-01-30: Question 3: Academic

Read a passage: some ads use psychological techniques: herd mentality, which implies that consumers buy products. Then listen to part of a lecture.

Using wearing sunglasses to explain the concept of herd mentality.

2021-01-30: Question 4: Academic

Listen to part of a lecture in a biology class.

• point 1: The manual transportation resources of vertical farming are huge.
• point 2: Some plants are not suitable for vertical farming, such as potatoes that take up a lot of space.

Using the points and examples from the lecture, explain two disadvantages of vertical farming.

2021-01-16: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: The school plans to put an electronic bulletin board in the student center.

• Point 1: It is convenient for students to understand the school information.
• Point 2: It can solve the problem of randomly posting posters and signs on campus, and make the school tidier.

Then listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their opinions and explain the reasons.

A female student disagrees:

• point 1: The ubiquitous poster makes it easier for students to see the information. In contrast, the electronic bulletin board is only available in the student center. For example, she saw a poster of a comedy show in the library and quickly learned this information.
• point 2: With the electronic version, it is difficult to completely solve the problem of randomly posting posters and signs on campus. Some clubs still post them.

2021-01-16: Question 3: Academic

Read a passage about the tragedy of the commons from a textbook. Then listen to part of a lecture.

Using overfishing and overgrazing to explain the concept of the tragedy of the commons.

2021-01-16: Question 4: Academic

Listen to part of a lecture in a biology class.

• point 1: increase eating efficiency. Take the example of a deer. When the deer are eating, their companions take turns to observe whether there are predators.
• point 2: transfer information. Taking the example of honey, bees tell their companions the location of food through dance behavior.

Using the points and examples from the lecture, explain two benefits of animal social cooperation.

2021-01-10: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: The school hires journalism students to write articles and update the content of the school's website.

Then listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their opinions and explain the reasons.

Student: a girl agree

• point 1: The website information is outdated, and the girl had problems when she wanted to learn about a new professor.
• point 2: Students can improve themselves by doing website work.

2021-01-10: Question 3: Academic

Read a passage about logical consequences from a textbook. Then listen to part of a lecture.

Using the bad consequences of bad behaviors, explain the concept of logical consequences.

2021-01-10: Question 4: Academic

Listen to part of a lecture in a biology class.

• point 1: Fungus provides nutrients to plants.
• point 2: Fungus helps animals digest indigestible food.

Using the points and examples from the lecture, explain fungus helps animals and plants.

2020-12-20: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: The school is ready to provide an online link for unpopular clubs

Then listen to students discussing the topic.

The students express their opinions about the topic. State their opinions and explain the reasons.

Student: Agree

• point 1: The student can find the information who needs, which is very convenient.
• point 2: Students can find clubs they don’t know, and they can join directly if they are interested.

2020-12-20: Question 3: Academic

Read a passage about the Maturation Effect from a textbook. Then listen to part of a lecture.

Using the experimental data, explain the concept of the Maturation Effect.

2020-12-20: Question 4: Academic

Listen to part of a lecture in a biology class.

• point 1: They eat all kinds of food, including food in the trash can
• point 2: The urban environment is similar to their original living environment

Using the points and examples from the lecture, explain the decrease in the number of urbanized animals but the increase in the number of small animals.

2020-12-06: Question 2: Campus-related

Reading: The president of the school decided to open an office hour to communicate about the school with his classmates. The time is 10 minutes per person.

Then, listen to the discussion of the topic.

The boy expresses his opinion of the decision. State his opinion and explain the reasons.

• point 1: “Open office hours” is a good idea.
• point 2: 10 minutes is too short to communicate in-depth and should be extended to 1 hour.

2020-12-06: Question 3: Academic

Read a passage about Hope Appeal - a marketing strategy from a business textbook.

Then, listen to part of a lecture from a business class.

Using the examples of the professor's friend, explain the marketing strategy of Hope Appeal.

2020-12-06: Question 4: Academic

Listen to part of the lecture about insects protecting offspring in a biology class.

Using the points and examples from the lecture, explain the two reasons for the decrease in the number of urbanized animals but the increase in the number of small animals described by the professor.

• reason 1: the environment is harsh
• reason 2: food is limited

2019-09-15: Question 3: Academic (India)

Read a passage about revealing coloration from a biology textbook. Then listen to part of a lecture from a biology class.

Using the examples of the peanut bug and the morpho butterfly, explain the concept of revealing coloration.

2019-09-01: Question 2: Campus-related (India)

The University is making a change in the courses it will offer. Read the article fromthe university newspaper about the change. Then listen to two students discussing the article.

The woman expresses her opinion of the university’s plan. State her opinion and explain the reasons she gives for holding that opinion.

2019-09-01: Question 4: Academic (India)

Listen to part of a lecture in a business class.

Using the points and examples from the lecture, explain the two pricing strategiesdescribed by the professor.

2019-09-01: Question 4: Academic (India)

State University plans to build a new auditorium. Read an article about the plan inthe campus newspaper. Then listen to two students discussing the article.

The man expresses his opinion of the university’s plan. State his opinion, and explainthe reasons he gives for holding that opinion.